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Anke Sambeth Minna Huotilainen Elena Kushnerenko Vineta Fellman Elina Pihko 《Clinical neurophysiology》2006,117(3):496-503
OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether newborns respond differently to novel and deviant sounds during quiet sleep. METHODS: Twelve healthy neonates were presented with a three-stimulus oddball paradigm, consisting of frequent standard (76%), infrequent deviant (12%), and infrequent novel stimuli (12%). The standards and deviants were counterbalanced between the newborns and consisted of 500 and 750 Hz tones with two upper harmonics. The novel stimuli contained animal, human, and mechanical sounds. All stimuli had a duration of 300 ms and the stimulus onset asynchrony was 1s. Evoked magnetic responses during quiet sleep were recorded and averaged offline. RESULTS: Two deflections peaking at 345 and 615 ms after stimulus onset were observed in the evoked responses of most of the newborns. The first deflection was larger to novel and deviant stimuli than to the standard and, furthermore, larger to novel than to deviant stimuli. The second deflection was larger to novel and deviant stimuli than to standards, but did not differ between the novels and deviants. CONCLUSIONS: The two deflections found in the present study reflect different mechanisms of auditory change detection and discriminative processes. SIGNIFICANCE: The early brain indicators of novelty detection may be crucial in assessing the normal and abnormal cortical function in newborns. Further, studying evoked magnetic fields to complex auditory stimulation in healthy newborns is needed for studying the newborns at-risk for cognitive or language problems. 相似文献
3.
Pekka Jousilahti Veikko Salomaa Katri Hakala Vesa Rasi Elina Vahtera Timo Palosuo 《Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology》2002,89(4):381-385
BACKGROUND: Airway inflammation is a characteristic feature of bronchial asthma. Previous studies have shown an increased local inflammatory activity in the airway mucosa of asthma patients. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the association of asthma with three sensitive markers of systemic inflammation, C-reactive protein, serum amyloid-A (SAA), and plasma fibrinogen. METHODS: A cross-sectional, population-based study including 1,513 Finnish men aged 45 to 74 years, who participated in a chronic disease risk factor survey in 1997. Of the participating men, 97 were classified as asthma patients. The odds ratios of asthma were analyzed by quartile of each inflammation marker. RESULTS: In logistic regression models the age-adjusted odds ratios (second, third, and fourth quartile as compared with the first quartile) of asthma increased gradually with increasing quartile of C-reactive protein (1.28, 1.19, 1.96, P for trend = 0.039), SAA (1.20, 3.00, 3.49, P for trend < 0.001), and fibrinogen (1.22, 1.79, 3.16, P for trend < 0.001). The associations were independent of smoking. Further adjustment for waist-to-hip ratio, a marker of central obesity, and symptoms of chronic bronchitis weakened the observed association, but the increasing trend in the association of SAA and fibrinogen with asthma remained highly significant. CONCLUSIONS: Sensitive markers of systemic inflammation, particularly SAA and fibrinogen, were positively and significantly associated with asthma prevalence. These findings support the hypothesis that not only local, but also systemic, inflammation exist in bronchial asthma. 相似文献
4.
Dr. Elina Ikonen Armi Salo Mirja Somer Hannu Somer Leena Pääkkönen Leena Peltonen 《American journal of medical genetics. Part A》1992,43(4):753-758
A 15-year-old boy with a terminal deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4 is described. The patient has a mild clinical phenotype that is incompatible with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome. Careful neurological examination including CT scan did not show any signs of Huntington disease. The chromosomal breakpoint was analyzed by means of polymorphic DNA probes localized close to the tentative Huntington (HD) locus. The breakage has occurred between D4S43 and D4S90 loci and thus deletes part of the chromosomal candidate regions for the HD locus. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
5.
The detection of a change in a face stimulus was studied in an oddball paradigm. Event-related potentials (ERPs) and MEG responses to face stimuli were recorded in four conditions: 1) happy standard, neutral deviant; 2) neutral standard, neutral deviant; 3) inverted happy standard, inverted neutral deviant; 4) inverted neutral standard, inverted neutral deviant. In all conditions, the target was a face with glasses. Neutral deviants elicited a negative deflection (with a maximum around 280 ms) in ERP and MEG responses, an effect similar to auditory mismatch negativity. Face inversion diminished deviance-related negativity, implying an important role of face recognition in the observed effect. Emotional content and larger physical differences between stimuli in conditions 1 and 3 compared to conditions 2 and 4 did not show statistically significant effect on the neutral-deviant-related negativity. 相似文献
6.
J. Wahlfors J. H. Meurman J. Toskala A. Korhonen P. Alakuijala E. Janatuinen U. M. Kärkkkäinen P. Nuutinen J. Jänne 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》1995,14(9):780-786
A rapid and simple polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed to detectHelicobacter pylori in gastric biopsy specimens and dental plaque samples. The primers were targeted to the 16S rRNA sequence ofHelicobacter pylori strain ATCC 43504. The system was found to have a theoretical detection level of 0.5 to 5Helicobacter pylori cells in a 5 l sample of dental plaque. In the absence of plaque, the detection level was even better: theoretically, 0.05 to 0.5Helicobacter pylori cells were detected in water suspension. However, this appeared to be due to the presence of free bacterial DNA in the culture used for the sensitivity determination. Thus, the actual sensitivity of the system was found to be fewer than fiveHelicobacter pylori cells, irrespective of the type of sample used. The method was then used to analyse 29 dental plaque and gastric biopsy specimens collected from patients with a history of recurrent peptic ulcer disease. Fourteen stomach specimens were positive forHelicobacter pylori when tested with the PCR method, while the respective figures with culture, histological examination and the urease test were 11, 12 and 9. No positive dental plaque samples were observed. 相似文献
7.
The extent of rehabilitation services is adequate, but little feedback is available on these services and service users. This paper is based on a client feedback survey of physiotherapy services conducted in Spring 2000. The purpose of the paper is to compare patients' perceptions of the physiotherapy instruction they received in a private outpatient facility and in a public physiotherapy facility. The results of the study showed that physiotherapy clients were satisfied with the therapy and instruction they received. They felt they received an adequate amount of instructions and advice. The rehabilitee's strong commitment to care, high motivation and a support network are important to independent rehabilitation in the future. As for the point of contact, the majority of clients in the private physiotherapy facility were gainfully employed while the health centre had almost as many retired clients. Client instruction was not dependent on the point of contact. 相似文献
8.
Hendrik Schimmelpenning Elina T. Eriksson Bo Franzén Anders Zetterberg Gert U. Auer 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》1993,423(4):273-279
The expression of theS-phase associated, nuclear protein proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was investigated in routinely paraffin-embedded surgical specimens from 209 breast cancer patients. Cytometric DNA assessments were performed on fine-needle aspirates, upon which the primary diagnosis of breast cancer had been based. The mean clinical follow-up was 16 years (range 13–20 years). The percentage of PCNA immunoreactive tumour cells ranged between less than 5 to 60% (mean value 13.34%). There was a direct association between PCNA expression, high histological tumour grade (p<0.01), and DNA aneuploidy (p=0.009). In a subgroup of 22 patients with near-diploid DNA distribution patterns the PCNA expression yielded additional prognostic information. Patients with tumours of near-diploid DNA histograms and more than 20% of PCNA immunoreactive neoplastic cells had a significantly worse clinical course, than patients with neardiploid tumours containing less than 20% PCNA immunoreactive cells (p=0.0001). In contrast, the PCNA immunoreactivity did not yield additional prognostic information for patients with distinctly diploid or highly aneuploid tumour variants. In a multivariate analysis comprising all 209 patients, nodal status (p<0.01), tumour size (p<0.01), and DNA ploidy (p<0.01) were found to have significant prognostic effect. The findings indicate that carcinomas characterised by high proliferative activity and near-diploid DNA distribution patterns can show rapid tumour progression. The combined assessment of the PCNA immunoreactivity and of the nuclear DNA content in routinely processed surgical specimens of breast cancer patients appears to be of prognostic value. 相似文献
9.
The relationship between depression and vitamin D deficiency is complex, with evidence mostly from studies affected by confounding and reverse causality. We examined the causality and direction of the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and depression in bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses using information from up to 307,618 white British participants from the UK Biobank and summary results from the SUNLIGHT (n = 79,366) and Psychiatric Genomics consortia (PGC 113,154 cases and 218,523 controls). In observational analysis, the odds of depression decreased with higher 25(OH)D concentrations (adjusted odds ratio (OR) per 50% increase 0.95, 95%CI 0.94–0.96). In MR inverse variance weighted (IVW) using the UK Biobank, there was no association between genetically determined serum 25(OH)D and depression (OR per 50% higher 0.97, 95%CI 0.90–1.05) with consistent null association across all MR approaches and in data from PGC consortium. In contrast, genetic liability to depression was associated with lower 25(OH)D concentrations (MR IVW −3.26%, −4.94%–−1.55%), with the estimates remaining generally consistent after meta-analysing with the consortia. In conclusion, we found genetic evidence for a causal effect of depression on lower 25(OH)D concentrations, however we could not confirm a beneficial effect of nutritional vitamin D status on depression risk. 相似文献
10.
Mary J. Christoph Vivienne M. Hazzard Elina Järvelä-Reijonen Laura Hooper Nicole Larson Dianne Neumark-Sztainer 《Journal of nutrition education and behavior》2021,53(3):240-245
ObjectiveAssess how intuitive eating relates to dietary intake.MethodsSurvey data were collected in Project Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults, the fourth wave of a longitudinal cohort study (weighted n = 1,830, 49% women; mean age = 31 years). Intuitive eating was assessed using a 7-item scale adapted from the Intuitive Eating Scale and Intuitive Eating Scale-2. Dietary intake was measured via a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Mean servings were stratified by gender and intuitive eating quartiles and adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and caloric intake.ResultsWomen and men in the top intuitive eating quartile consumed 0.6–0.3 servings more fruit and 0.4–0.6 servings more vegetables daily, respectively, compared with the bottom quartile, whereas men in the top quartile also consumed 0.6 servings fewer whole grains (all P < 0.05) than the bottom quartile.Conclusions and ImplicationsIntuitive eating shows promise as a healthier alternative to practices such as dieting. 相似文献