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1.
Effect of intravenous immunoglobulin treatment on the Th1/Th2 balance in women with recurrent spontaneous abortions 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Graphou O Chioti A Pantazi A Tsukoura C Kontopoulou V Guorgiadou E Balafoutas C Koussoulakos S Margaritis LH Varla-Leftherioti M 《American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)》2003,49(1):21-29
PROBLEM: The way by which intravenous immunoglobulin (IvIg) acts to prevent immunlogically mediated recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA) has not been clarified. In the present study, a possible effect of IvIg on the T helper cell (Th1/Th2) balance was investigated in abortions of either alloimmune or autoimmune abnormalities. METHOD OF STUDY: The study included 21 women treated with IvIg before conception because of a history of RSA characterized by alloimmune abnormalities (n = 15) or associated with anti-phospholipid antibodies (APA) (n = 6). Peripheral blood samples, collected before and 5 days after the first IvIg infusion, were stimulated, and Th1 and Th2 cells were detected by flow-cytometric analysis using a combination of monoclonal antibodies against T-cell surface markers and intracellular interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-4. The percentage of IFN-gamma-producing (Th1) and IL-4-producing (Th2) cells and the Th1/Th2 ratio were compared between pre- and post-infusion samples. RESULTS: A decrease of Th1 percentage in 66.6% of the cases and a concurrent Th2 percentage increase (47.61%) resulted in a decrease in the Th1/Th2 ratio in most of the cases (76.1%) (p < 0.01). Similar results were found in Group A (Th1/Th2 decreased in 60% of the cases, p < 0.05), while in Group B the effect of IvIg was not clear (Th1/Th2 increased in three and decreased in another three cases). CONCLUSION: Our finding suggests that IvIg administration in women with alloimmune RSA enhances Th2 polarization. This is not always the case with APA-associated abortions. 相似文献
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Detection of Neuropathic Pain in End‐Stage Cancer Patients: Diagnostic Accuracy of Two Questionnaires 下载免费PDF全文
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Elizabeth Murray Zarnie Khadjesari Ian R White Eleftheria Kalaitzaki Christine Godfrey Jim McCambridge Simon G Thompson Paul Wallace 《Journal of medical Internet research》2009,11(2)
Health care and health care services are increasingly being delivered over the Internet. There is a strong argument that interventions delivered online should also be evaluated online to maximize the trial’s external validity. Conducting a trial online can help reduce research costs and improve some aspects of internal validity. To date, there are relatively few trials of health interventions that have been conducted entirely online. In this paper we describe the major methodological issues that arise in trials (recruitment, randomization, fidelity of the intervention, retention, and data quality), consider how the online context affects these issues, and use our experience of one online trial evaluating an intervention to help hazardous drinkers drink less (DownYourDrink) to illustrate potential solutions. Further work is needed to develop online trial methodology. 相似文献
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Michael I Gonianakis Maria A Baritaki Ioannis K Neonakis Ioannis M Gonianakis Zacharias Kypriotakis Eleftheria Darivianaki Dimosthenis Bouros Kalliopi Kontou-Filli 《Allergy and asthma proceedings》2006,27(5):371-377
Pollen grains from the plant cover of a given area participate largely in the composition of aeroflora (pollen and molds) of this area. Association of allergic respiratory disorders with concentration of allergenic particles in the atmosphere is well documented, and aerobiologic studies are of great relevance. A 10-year volumetric aerobiologic study was conducted in the city of Heraklion, located in the center of the north-shore of the island of Crete, Greece. Main allergenic families and genera encountered were, in descending order of frequency Oleaceae, Quercus, Platanaceae, Cupressaceae, Pinaceae, Populus, Moraceae, and Corylaceae. Concentrations noted for most of these aeroallergens were much lower than those reported from other European regions. In parallel, an atopic population of 576 individuals, exhibiting allergic symptoms mainly of the respiratory tract were subjected to a battery of skin-prick tests. A fair degree of agreement between total pollen counts and positive skin-prick test frequencies for the families of Oleaceae, Platanaceae, and Cupressaceae was noted. On the contrary a poor degree of concordance was noted for the rest of the families and genera. 相似文献
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Arranz A Doxaki C Vergadi E Martinez de la Torre Y Vaporidi K Lagoudaki ED Ieronymaki E Androulidaki A Venihaki M Margioris AN Stathopoulos EN Tsichlis PN Tsatsanis C 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2012,109(24):9517-9522
Activated macrophages are described as classically activated or M1 type and alternatively activated or M2 type, depending on their response to proinflammatory stimuli and the expression of genetic markers including iNOS, arginase1, Ym1, and Fizz1. Here we report that Akt kinases differentially contribute to macrophage polarization, with Akt1 ablation giving rise to an M1 and Akt2 ablation resulting in an M2 phenotype. Accordingly, Akt2(-/-) mice were more resistant to LPS-induced endotoxin shock and to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis than wild-type mice, whereas Akt1(-/-) mice were more sensitive. Cell depletion and reconstitution experiments in a DSS-induced colitis model confirmed that the effect was macrophage-dependent. Gene-silencing studies showed that the M2 phenotype of Akt2(-/-) macrophages was cell autonomous. The microRNA miR-155, whose expression was repressed in naive and in LPS-stimulated Akt2(-/-) macrophages, and its target C/EBPβ appear to play a key role in this process. C/EBPβ, a hallmark of M2 macrophages that regulates Arg1, was up-regulated upon Akt2 ablation or silencing. Overexpression or silencing of miR-155 confirmed its central role in Akt isoform-dependent M1/M2 polarization of macrophages. 相似文献
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Dimopoulos MA Kastritis E Delimpasi S Katodritou E Hatzimichael E Kyrtsonis MC Repousis P Tsirogianni M Kartasis Z Parcharidou A Michael M Michalis E Tsatalas C Stefanoudaki E Hatjiharissi E Gika D Symeonidis A Terpos E Zervas K;Greek Myeloma Study Group 《European journal of haematology》2012,89(1):10-15