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排序方式: 共有69条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Maren T Scheuner William C Whitworth Henraya McGruder Paula W Yoon Muin J Khoury 《Genetics in medicine》2006,8(8):525-531
PURPOSE: We examined the performance of a familial risk assessment method that stratifies risk for early-onset coronary heart disease by considering the number of relatives with coronary disease, degree of relationship, lineage, and age at diagnosis. METHODS: By using data from the HealthStyles 2003 survey, we assessed the associations between familial risk and early-onset coronary heart disease, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and obesity. By using area under the curve statistics, we evaluated the discriminatory ability of various risk assessment models. RESULTS: Of 4,035 respondents, 60% were female and 72% were white, with a mean age of 48.8 years. After adjustment for demographics, strong and moderate risk were significantly associated with approximately a five- and twofold risk of early-onset coronary disease, respectively. After adjustment for demographics and personal history of cardiovascular disease, strong familial risk was also significantly associated with diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and obesity. A risk assessment model that included familial risk, demographics, and personal history of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and obesity was most optimal with an area under the curve statistic of 87.2% CONCLUSIONS: Familial risk assessment can stratify risk for early-onset coronary heart disease. Several conditions associated with increased familial risk can be prevented. These results have important implications for risk assessment and risk-reducing interventions. 相似文献
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Vander Mierde D Scheuner D Quintens R Patel R Song B Tsukamoto K Beullens M Kaufman RJ Bollen M Schuit FC 《Endocrinology》2007,148(2):609-617
Both the rate of overall translation and the specific acceleration of proinsulin synthesis are known to be glucose-regulated processes in the beta-cell. In this study, we propose that glucose-induced stimulation of overall translation in beta-cells depends on a protein phosphatase-1-mediated decrease in serine-51 phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha (eIF2alpha), a pivotal translation initiation factor. The decrease was rapid and detectable within 15 min and proportional to the range of glucose concentrations that also stimulate translation. Lowered net eIF2alpha phosphorylation was not associated with a detectable decrease in activity of any eIF2alpha kinase. Moreover, okadaic acid blocked glucose-induced eIF2alpha dephosphorylation, suggesting that the net effect was mediated by a protein phosphatase. Experiments with salubrinal on intact cells and nuclear inhibitor of protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) on cell extracts suggested that this phosphatase was PP1. The net effect contained, however, a component of glucose-induced folding load in the endoplasmic reticulum because coincubation with cycloheximide further amplified the effect of glucose on eIF2alpha dephosphorylation. Thus, the steady-state level of eIF2alpha phosphorylation in beta-cells is the result of a balance between folding-load-induced phosphorylation and PP1-dependent dephosphorylation. Because defects in the pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum kinase-eIF2alpha signaling system lead to beta-cell failure and diabetes, deregulation of the PP1 system could likewise lead to cellular dysfunction and disease. 相似文献
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Genetic predisposition to coronary artery disease 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Scheuner MT 《Current opinion in cardiology》2001,16(4):251-260
Understanding the genetic basis of coronary artery disease (CAD) can improve management and prevention. Family and twin studies, animal models and gene association studies support a genetic basis for CAD. Genes contribute to CAD development and progression, and response to risk factor modification and lifestyle choices. Family history is the best indicator of a predisposition to CAD and further refinement is possible with biochemical and DNA testing. Many inherited cardiovascular risk factors can be modified, such as LDL cholesterol, homocysteine and lipoprotein(a). Early detection of CAD might lead to earlier intervention for genetically susceptible individuals. However, data are lacking regarding the efficacy of this approach in preventing clinical events. Despite this lack of evidence, knowledge of genetic CAD susceptibility has value in providing risk information and guiding decision making. Further research that investigates outcomes regarding genetic risk assessment for CAD is necessary. 相似文献
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Regulation of starvation- and virus-induced autophagy by the
eIF2α kinase signaling pathway 下载免费PDF全文
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Setodji CM Scheuner M Pankow JS Blumenthal RS Chen H Keeler E 《Health services & outcomes research methodology》2012,12(1):62-79
Continuous variable dichotomization is a popular technique used in the estimation of the effect of risk factors on health
outcomes in multivariate regression settings. Researchers follow this practice in order to simplify data analysis, which it
unquestionably does. However thresholds used to dichotomize those variables are usually ad-hoc, based on expert opinions,
or mean, median or quantile splits and can add bias to the effect of the risk factors on specific outcomes and underestimate
such effect. In this paper, we suggest the use of a semi-parametric method and visualization for improvement of the threshold
selection in variable dichotomization while accounting for mixture distributions in the outcome of interest and adjusting
for covariates. For clinicians, these empirically based thresholds of risk factors, if they exist, could be informative in
terms of the highest or lowest point of a risk factor beyond which no additional impact on the outcome should be expected. 相似文献
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Andrew T. Templin Daniel T. Meier Joshua R. Willard Tami Wolden-Hanson Kelly Conway Yin-Guo Lin Patrick J. Gillespie Krister B. Bokvist Giorgio Attardo Steven E. Kahn Donalyn Scheuner Rebecca L. Hull 《Diabetologia》2018,61(10):2215-2224