Migräne

Migraine is a prevalent disease that affects women more frequently than men. A particular trigger for migraine is the perimenstrual period. Acute migraine attacks during menstruation are treated similarly to nonmenstrual attacks, e.g., with analgesics or triptans. In women with pure menstrual migraine, short-term prophylaxis can be performed with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), estrogens, or low-dose triptans. During pregnancy migraine improves. After menopause frequency and severity of migraine attacks improve.     

Alveolar hydatid disease of the liver: Brief review and spectrum of adjacent organ invasion

The purpose of this study is to show the spectrum of adjacent organ invasion and to make a brief review of hepatic alveolar hydatid disease (AHD), using CT and MR imaging. We retrospectively reviewed CT and MR images of three patients with various adjacent organ invasions surgically and histologically proven to be AHD. Local invasion to right kidney and adrenal, right hemidiaphragm and lung were detected in one patient, right adrenal in another patient and gall bladder, duodenum, gastric wall and pancreas invasion in the other. AHD may rarely extend to the gall bladder, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, right adrenal and kidney, diaphragm, pleura and lung. The extension of the disease outside the liver is usually encountered in patients with large, peripherally located masses in the advanced stage of the disease.     

Enzyme immunoassay for the determination of IgE antibodies specific to grass pollen allergens using monoclonal antibodies of the BL-IgE series. 2. Performance and results of a collaborative study to evaluate the test system

This paper describes performance and results of a collaborative study in which the solid-phase enzyme immunoassay was tested in order to determine specific IgE under practical conditions. All titres of specific IgE can be differentiated in a reproducible way with high significance.     

Deprivation of form vision suppresses diurnal cycling of retinal levels of leu-enkephalin

Deprivation of form vision by the fitting of translucent occluders suppressed the diurnal cycling of enkephalinergic amacrine cells (the ENSLI amacrine cells), in the chicken. Daily periods of normal vision or enforcing temporal contrast using strobe lighting appeared to restore normal functioning of the ENSLI cells. These results suggest that the ENSLI cells are involved in retinal circuits that assess the quality of the visual image and control eye growth.     

Klinische Pr?sentation und Prognose von Hirnstamminfarkten Eine Auswertung der Schlaganfall-Datenbank der Stiftung Deutsche Schlaganfall-Hilfe Eine Auswertung der Schlaganfall-Datenbank der Stiftung Deutsche Schlaganfall-Hilfe

Angesichts der vielf?ltigen klinischen Klassifikationssysteme und Syndrome fehlt bislang ein repr?sentativer überblick über ?tiologie und Prognose von Hirnstamminfarkten. Aus der Deutschen Schlaganfall-Datenbank untersuchten wir daher 455 Patienten mit bildmorphologisch nachgewiesenem, akuten Hirnstamminfarkt im Vergleich zu Patienten mit anderer Infarktlokalisation. Durch Nachbefragung der Patienten nach 3 und 12 Monaten wurden au?erdem das funktionelle Ergebnis sowie die Reinsultrate erhoben.     

The effect of neuropeptide Y on sodium, chloride and potassium transport across the rat distal colon.

1. Neuropeptide Y (NPY; 10(-10)-10(-7) mol l-1) reduced basal short-circuit current (Isc) in a concentration-dependent manner in the rat distal colon but was ineffective in the proximal colon. 2. The action of NPY was dependent upon the presence of Cl- and HCO3- anions and was blocked by prior treatment of the tissue with a Cl- channel blocker. The decrease in Isc was associated with an increase in mucosa-to-serosa fluxes of Na+, Rb+ (K+) and Cl-, whereas the serosa-to-mucosa flux of Cl- was decreased. 3. The size of the inhibitory NPY effect was linearly correlated with the height of the basal Isc, i.e. it inhibited 55% of basal secretory Isc. 4. The action of NPY was unaffected by indomethacin and tetrodotoxin, when given alone, but was abolished, when the basal Isc was decreased to values near zero by a combination of both inhibitors. This inhibition could be overcome by restoring basal Isc with prostaglandin E2, indicating that the effect of NPY is not mediated by nerves or prostaglandins, but that NPY is only effective, when anion secretion is stimulated by the spontaneous release of neurotransmitters and prostaglandins. 5. NPY inhibited the increase in Isc induced by veratridine and prostaglandin E2, but it had no effect on the Isc induced by direct stimulation of the adenylate cyclase with forskolin, or on Isc induced by stimulation of the Ca(2+)-pathway with carbachol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)