全文获取类型
收费全文 | 146篇 |
免费 | 1篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
儿科学 | 13篇 |
妇产科学 | 1篇 |
基础医学 | 11篇 |
口腔科学 | 2篇 |
临床医学 | 15篇 |
内科学 | 59篇 |
皮肤病学 | 1篇 |
神经病学 | 1篇 |
特种医学 | 10篇 |
外科学 | 8篇 |
综合类 | 7篇 |
预防医学 | 13篇 |
眼科学 | 2篇 |
药学 | 6篇 |
肿瘤学 | 4篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 3篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 3篇 |
2013年 | 7篇 |
2012年 | 2篇 |
2011年 | 3篇 |
2010年 | 8篇 |
2009年 | 7篇 |
2008年 | 16篇 |
2007年 | 9篇 |
2006年 | 11篇 |
2005年 | 6篇 |
2004年 | 8篇 |
2003年 | 1篇 |
2002年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 10篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有153条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
George V Dedoussis Demosthenes B Panagiotakos Nikoleta V Vidra Eirini Louizou Christina Chrysohoou Athanasios Germanos Yannis Mantas Savas Tokmakidis Christos Pitsavos Christodoulos Stefanadis 《Genetics in medicine》2005,7(6):411-416
PURPOSE: We investigated the association of a polymorphism within the promoter of TauNuF-alpha locus at the position -308 on the likelihood of having acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in Greek adults. METHODS: We studied demographic, lifestyle, and clinical information in 237 hospitalized patients (185 males) with a first event of an ACS and 237 matched by age and sex (controls) without any clinical evidence of coronary heart disease. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP analysis. RESULTS: The genotype frequencies were in patients, 87% (n = 206), 12% (n = 29), and 1% (n = 2) for G/G, G/A, and A/A, and in controls, 96% (n = 227), 4% (n = 10), and 0% (n = 0) for G/G, G/A, and A/A, respectively (P = 0.04). After adjusting for age and sex, as well as various potential confounders, we observed that G/A or A/A genotypes were associated with 1.94-fold higher odds (95% CI 1.06 to 3.68) of ACS compared to G/G homozygotes. No gene to-gender or to-clinical syndrome interactions were observed. Further subgroup analysis showed that the distribution of TNF-alpha -308G>A polymorphism was associated with the presence of family history of CHD in patients, but not in controls. In particular, in G/A and A/A patients 17.2% reported family history of CHD, whereas in G/G patients, 34.5% reported family history (P = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings may state a hypothesis of an association between the -308G>A TNF-alpha polymorphism the development of ACS and the presence of family history of CHD, in Greece. 相似文献
2.
Shigemura K Shirakawa T Okada H Tanaka K Kamidono S Arakawa S Gotoh A 《Clinical and experimental medicine》2005,4(4):196-201
Abstract Familial hypercholesterolaemia is a genetic disorder characterised by high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations,
which frequently gives rise to premature coronary artery disease (CAD). The clinical expression of familial hypercholesterolaemia
is highly variable even in patients carrying the same LDL receptor gene mutation. This variability may be due to environmental
and other genetic factors. Apolipoprotein E (Apo-E) has been extensively studied for its effects on the phenotype of familial
hypercholesterolaemia. In this study we examined the influence of Apo-E genotype on lipid parameters and the incidence of
CAD in 93 Greek patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Apo-E E2, E3 and E4 allele frequencies were 0.06, 0.86 and 0.09
respectively. The levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoproteins A and B and
lipoprotein α did not differ significantly among carriers and non-carriers of the E4 allele. The prevalence of CAD and hypertension
did not differ either. Our results suggest that the E4 allele is not associated with lipid levels or with the prevalence of
CAD among familial hypercholesterolaemia patients of the Greek population.
*The two authors were equally involved in the work 相似文献
3.
The effect of thrombopoietin on the proliferation and differentiation of murine hematopoietic stem cells 总被引:15,自引:16,他引:15
Sitnicka E; Lin N; Priestley GV; Fox N; Broudy VC; Wolf NS; Kaushansky K 《Blood》1996,87(12):4998-5005
In this study, we explored whether thrombopoietin (Tpo) has a direct in vitro effect on the proliferation and differentiation of long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (LTR-HSC). We previously reported a cell separation method that uses the fluorescence-activated cell sorter selection of low Hoescht 33342/low Rhodamine 123 (low Ho/low Rh) fluorescence cell fractions that are highly enriched for LTR-HSC and can reconstitute lethally irradiated recipients with fewer than 20 cells. Low Ho/low Rh cells clone with high proliferative potential in vitro in the presence of stem cell factor (SCF) + interleukin-3 (IL-3) + IL-6 (90% to 100% HPP-CFC). Tpo alone did not induce proliferation of these low Ho/low Rh cells. However, in combination with SCF or IL-3, Tpo had several synergistic effects on cell proliferation. When Tpo was added to single growth factors (either SCF or IL-3 or the combination of both), the time required for the first cell division of low Ho/low Rh cells was significantly shortened and their cloning efficiency increased substantially. Moreover, the subsequent clonal expansion at the early time points of culture was significantly augmented by Tpo. Low Ho/low Rh cells, when assayed in agar directly after sorting, did not form megakaryocyte colonies in any growth condition tested. Several days of culture in the presence of multiple cytokines were required to obtain colony-forming units-megakaryocyte (CFU-Mk). In contrast, more differentiated, low Ho/high Rh cells, previously shown to contain short- term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (STR-HSC), were able to form megakaryocyte colonies in agar when cultured in Tpo alone directly after sorting. These data establish that Tpo acts directly on primitive hematopoietic stem cells selected using the Ho/Rh method, but this effect is dependent on the presence of pluripotent cytokines. These cells subsequently differentiate into CFU-Mk, which are capable of responding to Tpo alone. Together with the results of previous reports of its effects on erythroid progenitors, these results suggest that the effects of Tpo on hematopoiesis are greater than initially anticipated. 相似文献
4.
Antiatherogenic effect of Pistacia lentiscus via GSH restoration and downregulation of CD36 mRNA expression 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Dedoussis GV Kaliora AC Psarras S Chiou A Mylona A Papadopoulos NG Andrikopoulos NK 《Atherosclerosis》2004,174(2):293-303
Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia (Anacardiaceae) grows almost exclusively on Chios Island, Greece, and gives a resinous exudate resin used for culinary purposes by Mediterranean people. We investigated the molecular mechanisms through which total polar extract of the resin inhibits oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) cytotoxic effect on peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC). Cells exposed to oxLDL underwent apoptosis and necrosis, dependent on the duration of exposure. When culturing cells with oxLDL and the polar extract concurrently, we observed inhibition of both the phenomena. Because under oxidative stress the pro-oxidant systems outbalance the antioxidant, potentially producing oxidative damage and ultimately leading to cell death, we measured the levels of intracellular antioxidant glutathione (GSH). Additionally, we measured CD36 expression, a class B scavenger receptor, on CD14-positive cells, as CD36 has been identified as the oxLDL receptor in macrophages and may play a pivotal role in atherosclerotic foam cell formation. oxLDL decreased GSH levels and upregulated CD36 expression. P. lentiscus extract restored GSH levels and downregulated CD36 expression, even at the mRNA level. In order to find out the biologically drastic constituents of the resin's polar extract, fractions derived from RP-HPLC analysis were examined for their antioxidant effect on oxidatively stressed PBMC. The triterpenoid fraction revealed remarkable increase in intracellular GSH. We suggest GSH restoration and downregulation of CD36 mRNA expression as the pathways via which P. lentiscus triterpenes exert antioxidant/antiatherogenic effect. Additionally, our results provide strong evidence of the resin's antiatherogenic effect; therefore it is credited with beneficial health aspects. 相似文献
5.
GV Ramesh Prasad Marcel Ruzicka Kevin D Burns Sheldon W Tobe Marcel Lebel 《The Canadian journal of cardiology》2009,25(5):309-314
For the first time, the Canadian Hypertension Education Program has studied the evidence supporting blood pressure control in people requiring renal replacement therapy for end-stage kidney disease, including those on dialysis and with renal transplants. According to the Canadian Organ Replacement Registry’s 2008 annual report, there were an estimated 33,832 people with end-stage renal disease in Canada at the end of 2006, an increase of 69.7% since 1997. Of these, 20,465 were on dialysis and 13,367 were living with a functioning kidney transplant. Thus, it is becoming more likely that primary care practitioners will be helping to care for these complex patients. With the lack of large controlled clinical trials, the consensus recommendation based on interpretation of the existing literature is that blood pressure should be lowered to below 140/90 mmHg in hypertensive patients on renal replacement therapy and to below 130/80 mmHg for renal transplant patients with diabetes or chronic kidney disease. 相似文献
6.
Andrikopoulos NK Dedoussis GV Falirea A Kalogeropoulos N Hatzinikola HS 《International journal of food sciences and nutrition》2002,53(4):351-363
In the present work, virgin olive oil, sunflower oil and a vegetable shortening were used as cooking oils for the deep-frying and pan-frying of potatoes, for eight successive sessions, under the usual domestic practice. Several chemical and physicochemical parameters (acidic value, peroxide value, total polar artefacts, total phenol content and triglyceride fatty acyl moiety composition) were assayed during frying operations in order to evaluate the status of the frying oils, which were found within expected ranges similar to those previously reported. The oil fatty acids were effectively protected from oxidation by the natural antioxidants. The frying oil absorption by the potatoes was quantitated within 6.1-12.8%, depending on the oil type and the frying process. The retention of alpha- and (beta + gamma)-tocopherols during the eight fryings ranged from 85-90% (first frying) to 15-40% (eighth frying), except for the (beta + gamma)-tocopherols of sunflower oil, which almost disappeared after the sixth frying. The deterioration during the successive frying of several phenolic species present in virgin olive oil is reported for the first time. The retention of total phenolics ranged from 70-80% (first frying) to 20-30% (eighth frying). Tannic acid, oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol-elenolic acid dialdeydic form showed remarkable resistance in all frying sessions in both frying methods, while hydroxytyrosol and hydroxytyrosol-elenolic acid were the faster eliminated. The deterioration of the other phenolic species account for 40-50% and 20-30% for deep-frying and pan-frying, respectively, after three to four frying sessions, which are the most usual in the household kitchen. Deep-frying resulted in better recoveries of all the parameters examined. The correlation of the deterioration rate of the phenolic compounds and tocopherols during frying is discussed and the nutritional aspects of the natural antioxidant intake, through the oil absorbed by the potatoes, are evaluated. 相似文献
7.
The coeliac iceberg in Italy. A multicentre antigliadin antibodies screening for coeliac disease in school-age subjects 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
C Catassi E Fabiani IM Rätsch GV Coppa PL Giorgi R Pierdomenico S Alessandrini G Iwanejko R Domenici E Mei A Miano M Marani G Bottaro M Spina M Dotti A Montanelli M Barbato F Viola R Lazzari M Vallini G Guariso M Plebani F Cataldo G Traverso C Ughi G Chiaravalloti M Baldassarre P Scarcella F Bascietto L Ceglie A Valenti P Paolucci M Caradonna E Bravi A Ventura 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1996,85(S412):29-35
Background : Recent studies suggest that coeliac disease (CD) is one of the commonest, life-long disorders in Italy. The aims of this multicentre work were: (a) to establish the prevalence of CD on a nationwide basis; and (b) to characterize the CD clinical spectrum in Italy. Patients and methods : Fifteen centres screened 17201 students aged 6–15 years (68.6% of the eligible population) by the combined determination of serum IgG- and IgA-antigliadin antibody (AGA) test; 1289 (7.5%) were IgG and/or IgA-AGA positive and were recalled for the second-level investigation; 111 of them met the criteria for the intestinal biopsy: IgA-AGA positivity and/or AEA positivity or IgG-AGA positivity plus serum IgA deficiency. Results : Intestinal biopsy was performed on 98 of the 111 subjects. CD was diagnosed in 82 subjects (75 biopsy proven, 7 not biopsied but with associated AGA and AEA positivity). Most of the screening-detected coeliac patients showed low-grade intensity illness often associated with decreased psychophysical well-being. There were two AEA negative cases with associated CD and IgA deficiency. The prevalence of undiagnosed CD was 4.77 × 1000 (95% CI 3.79–5.91), 1 in 210 subjects. The overall prevalence of CD, including known CD cases, was 5.44 × 1000 (95% CI 4.57–6.44), 1 in 184 subjects. The ratio of known to undiagnosed CD cases was 1 in 7. Conclusions : These findings confirm that, in Italy, CD is one of the most common chronic disorders showing a wide and heterogeneous clinical spectrum. Most CD cases remain undiagnosed unless actively searched. 相似文献
8.
The splicing defect at IVS-I-110 is by far (43.15%) the most common beta-thalassaemia mutation in Greece. The - 117 (G-->A) Agamma hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (Greek HPFH) is also the most frequent nondeletional HPFH in Greece. We report a case in which these two defects co-segregates. She is a healthy female where the total Hb is 12.3 g/dl with 51% HbF and normal HbA2. Her Ggamma/Agamma ratio is 35:65 differing from that of 10 simple heterozygotes for the Greek HPFH who have ratio of 8:92. Molecular analysis of the beta-globin genotype revealed the presence of the IVS-I-110 beta+ mutation in trans to the -117 G-->A Greek HPFH. Both mutations are linked to Ia. Her father has Greek HPFH in trans to the -158 C-->T on the Ggamma promoter, which is linked with haplotype IIIalpha. He has 13% HbF with a Ggamma/Agamma ratio 32:68. Her sister is a compound heterozygote for the IVS-I-110 mutation in trans to the - 158 C-->T, with HbF levels of 3% and a Ggamma/Agamma ratio 72:28. 相似文献
9.
Paltiel HJ; O'Gorman AM; Meagher-Villemure K; Rosenblatt B; Silver K; Watters GV 《Radiology》1987,162(1):115
10.
Prevalence and characteristics of brittle diabetes in Britain 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Gill GV; Lucas S; Kent LA 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1996,89(11):839-843
We investigated the prevalence and characteristics of 'brittle diabetes',
defined as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus associated with glycaemic
instability of any type, leading to life disruption with recurrent and/or
prolonged hospitalizations. A questionnaire was sent to all physicians and
paediatricians running diabetic clinics in the UK, from lists held at the
British Diabetic Association. A total of 414 brittle patients were reported
(72% questionnaire return). Most were young (mean age +/- SD was 26 +/- 15
years), though there was a small peak at ages 60-70 years. There was an
excess of females (66%) and overall clinic prevalence was 1.2 per 1000
diabetic patients and 2.9 per 1000 insulin-treated diabetic patients. On
average, there was 1.0 brittle patient per diabetic clinic. The most common
form of brittleness was recurrent ketoacidosis (59%), with 17% having
predominant hypoglycaemia, and 24% mixed instability. Female excess was
highest and mean age lowest in the recurrent ketoacidosis group, whilst the
reverse was true for those with recurrent hypoglycaemia. Causes of
brittleness were offered by 58% of consultants, and most (93%) considered
various psychosocial problems as likely underlying factors. We conclude
that brittle diabetes is a small but significant problem, currently
affecting about 1 per 1000 diabetic patients. Most, but by no means all,
are young females--often with recurrent ketoacidosis. Older age groups are
more likely to have recurrent hypoglycaemic or mixed types of brittleness.
Perceived causes of brittleness are usually psychosocial.
相似文献