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排序方式: 共有554条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Mt D. Dbrssy Chockalingam Ramanathan Danesh Ashouri Vajari Yixin Tong Thomas Schlaepfer Volker A. Coenen 《The European journal of neuroscience》2021,53(1):89-113
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) in psychiatric illnesses has been clinically tested over the past 20 years. The clinical application of DBS to the superolateral branch of the medial forebrain bundle in treatment‐resistant depressed patients—one of several targets under investigation—has shown to be promising in a number of uncontrolled open label trials. However, there are remain numerous questions that need to be investigated to understand and optimize the clinical use of DBS in depression, including, for example, the relationship between the symptoms, the biological substrates/projections and the stimulation itself. In the context of precision and customized medicine, the current paper focuses on clinical and experimental research of medial forebrain bundle DBS in depression or in animal models of depression, demonstrating how clinical and scientific progress can work in tandem to test the therapeutic value and investigate the mechanisms of this experimental treatment. As one of the hypotheses is that depression engenders changes in the reward and motivational networks, the review looks at how stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle impacts the dopaminergic system. 相似文献
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We have compared the effects of acetyl salicylic acid (ASA, aspirin) and choline magnesium trisalicylate (CMT), a non-acetylated salicylate product, on platelet aggregation in human whole blood ex-vivo. Using a whole blood platelet counter, platelet aggregation was quantified by measuring the fall in the number of single platelets at peak aggregation in response to collagen, arachidonic acid (AA), as well as spontaneous aggregation. In double blind and random order, 12 healthy volunteers received, on two separate occasions 10 days apart, a single oral dose of 652 mg ASA or 655 mg CMT. Despite a comparable absorption of salicylic acid from the two drugs, ingestion of ASA resulted in a marked inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by collagen (p less than 0.005), AA (p less than 0.01) and spontaneous aggregation (p less than 0.01), whereas such effects were not observed after CMT ingestion. We suggest that CMT may have therapeutic potential as an alternative to aspirin when inhibition of platelet aggregation can induce bleeding complications. 相似文献
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Dr. B. J. Z. Danesh C. Spiliadis C. B. Williams C. M. Zambartas 《International journal of colorectal disease》1987,2(4):218-222
Angiodysplasia of the colon was diagnosed in 31 out of 1,050 patients (3%) presenting with rectal bleeding or anaemia, among 10,000 colonoscoped at St. Mark's Hospital. The lesions were identified in 16 out of 879 (2%) patients with rectal bleeding, in 15 out of 171 (9%) patients with anaemia, and in a further three patients without features of blood loss. The angiodysplasia lesions were predominantly in the right colon (76%) and occurred with a similar frequency (12%) in the transverse and the left colon. Affected patients (59% male and 41% female) were in the older age group (53–89 years; mean age 69.5 years) but only one patient had known aortic valve disease. Angiodysplasia is an important diagnosis to consider in patients presenting with colonic bleeding or anaemia because it can be treated in the majority of cases by endoscopic electrocoagulation. However in our experience it is less common (3%) than previously suggested by other authors (40–67%). Endoscopic over-diagnosis is possible when intramucosal capillaries with no bleeding tendency on local traumatisation or biopsy are included in the diagnosis but these lesions are not true angiodysplasia. 相似文献
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Deeg HJ; Storb R; Thomas ED; Flournoy N; Kennedy MS; Banaji M; Appelbaum FR; Bensinger WI; Buckner CD; Clift RA 《Blood》1985,65(6):1325-1334
Seventy-five patients, 13 to 49 years of age, with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia in first remission were treated with cyclophosphamide, fractionated total body irradiation, and marrow transplantation from an HLA-identical sibling and randomized to receive either cyclosporine (CSP) (n = 36) or methotrexate (MTX) (n = 39) as prophylaxis for graft-v-host disease (GVHD). All patients engrafted, and 22 who were given CSP and 21 who were given MTX, are alive at 20 to 47 (median, 35) months (P = .5). Engraftment as assessed by granulocyte recovery (P less than .0005) and platelet transfusion requirement (P = .01) was faster in patients on CSP. Twelve patients (33%) on CSP and 22 (56%) on MTX developed acute GVHD of grades II through IV (P = .07) and 15 of 30 on CSP and 14 of 32 on MTX that were at risk developed chronic GVHD. The most frequent causes of death were interstitial pneumonitis and marrow relapse of leukemia, which occurred with similar frequency in both groups. Beneficial effects observed in patients on CSP included less severe mucositis and shorter duration of hospitalization; adverse effects included renal function impairment and hypertension. These data confirm that CSP is a useful immunosuppressant in patients undergoing marrow transplantation but fail to show a significant improvement in survival as compared with the standard regimen of MTX. 相似文献
9.
Phase I trial of interleukin-2 after unmodified HLA-matched sibling bone marrow transplantation for children with acute leukemia 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Robinson N; Sanders JE; Benyunes MC; Beach K; Lindgren C; Thompson JA; Appelbaum FR; Fefer A 《Blood》1996,87(4):1249-1254
Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for advanced acute leukemia is associated with a high risk of relapse. It is postulated that interleukin-2 (IL-2) administered after BMT might induce or amplify a graft-versus-leukemia effect and thereby reduce the relapse rate. To identify an IL-2 regimen for testing this hypothesis, a phase I trial of IL-2 (Roche) was performed in children in complete remission (CR) without active graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) off immunosuppressive agents after unmodified allogeneic matched-sibling BMT for acute leukemia beyond first remission. Beginning a median of 68 days after BMT, 17 patients received escalating doses of induction IL-2 (0.9, 3.0, or 6.0 x 10(6) IU/m2/d representing levels I, II, and III) for 5 days by continuous intravenous infusion (CIV). After 6 days of rest, they received maintenance IL-2 (0.9 x 10(6) IU/m2/d) for 10 days by CIV infusion. Levels I and II were well-tolerated, but, of 6 patients at level III, 1 developed pulmonary infiltrates, 1 developed hypotension (both resolved), and 1 died of bacterial sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Grade II acute GVHD developed in 1 patient at level I and 1 at level III. The maximum tolerated dose of induction IL-2 was level II. IL-2 induced lymphocytosis, with an increase in CD56+ and CD8+ cells. Ten patients remain in CR at 5+ to 67+ months. Thus, a regimen of IL-2 has been identified that did not induce a high incidence of acute GVHD when administered to children after unmodified allogeneic BMT. Its clinical activity will be assessed in a phase II trial. 相似文献