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乳腺管状小叶癌(Tubulolobular carcinoma,TLC)最初是被作为小叶癌的管状变型。作者总结了27例TLC的组织学、免疫表型和临床特征,并与纯小管癌和经典型小叶癌进行了比较。此组患者年龄43-79岁(中位年龄60岁)。1例双侧乳腺受累,5例病变为多灶性。肿瘤直径0.5-2.5cm,色灰褐,质硬。组织学观察:TLC的肿瘤细胞形成管状和条索状两种结构模式并相互混杂,且两者比例相当(统称为管状小叶模式)。 相似文献
4.
Germline mutations of the CDKN2 gene in UK melanoma families 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
Harland M; Meloni R; Gruis N; Pinney E; Brookes S; Spurr NK; Frischauf AM; Bataille V; Peters G; Cuzick J; Selby P; Bishop DT; Bishop JN 《Human molecular genetics》1997,6(12):2061-2067
Germline mutations in CDKN2 on chromosome 9p21, which codes for the cyclin
D kinase inhibitor p16, and more rarely, mutations in the gene coding for
CDK4, the protein to which p16 binds, underlie susceptibility in some
melanoma families. We have sequenced all exons of CDKN2 and analysed the
CDK4 gene for mutations in 27 UK families showing evidence of
predisposition to melanoma. Five different germline mutations in CDKN2 were
found in six families. Three of the mutations (Met53Ile, Arg24Pro and
23ins24) have been reported previously. We have identified two novel CDKN2
mutations (88delG and Ala118Thr) which are likely to be associated with the
development of melanoma, because of their co-segregation with the disease
and their likely functional effect on the CDKN2 protein. In binding assays
the protein expressed from the previously described mutation, Met53Ile, did
not bind to CDK4/CDK6, confirming its role as a causal mutation in the
development of melanoma. Ala118Thr appeared to be functional in this assay.
Arg24Pro appeared to bind to CDK6, but not to CDK4. No mutations were
detected in exon 2 of CDK4, suggesting that causal mutations in this gene
are uncommon. The penetrance of these mutant CDKN2 genes is not yet
established, nor is the risk of non-melanoma cancer to gene carriers.
相似文献
5.
A combination of physical measurement and clinical testing was used to evaluate a range of pressure-reducing replacement mattresses, which had met tender specifications, in order to reduce the number available for selection in the purchasing process. Factors considered included mattress price and expected life-span. The results presented have supported a purchasing decision to replace mattresses but care should be taken in adopting these findings in a different context from that of a district general hospital. Optimum performance was found in one mattress replacement (Pentaflex). 相似文献
6.
Skin tumors induced in mice by initiation-promotion (2 microg DMBA-2 microg
TPA) protocols were found to be under multigenic control. Eighty- one N2
mice from the cross (BALB/cAnPt x SENCARA/Pt)F1 x SENCARA/Pt that were
either solidly resistant (no papillomas) or highly susceptible (> or = 7
papillomas/mouse) were subjected to a 'genome scan' using 89 microsatellite
markers to check for associations with susceptible and resistant
phenotypes. A locus on Chr 5 (Skts4) was found to control the
susceptibility of SENCARA/Pt mice and the resistance of BALB/cAnPt mice to
papilloma formation. In addition, higher than expected linkage scores were
seen for the markers D9Mit271, D11Mit268 and D12Mit56. Further work is
required to establish whether genes determining papilloma formation are
located in these regions of the genome. In general, no evidence was seen
for loss of heterozygosity in microsatellite markers on Chrs 5, 9 and 11 in
17 microdissected papillomas from (BALB/c x SENCARA)F1 hybrid mice.
相似文献
7.
AJ Geall A Verma GR Otten CA Shaw A Hekele K Banerjee Y Cu CW Beard LA Brito T Krucker DT O'Hagan M Singh PW Mason NM Valiante PR Dormitzer SW Barnett R Rappuoli JB Ulmer CW Mandl 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2012,109(36):14604-14609
Despite more than two decades of research and development on nucleic acid vaccines, there is still no commercial product for human use. Taking advantage of the recent innovations in systemic delivery of short interfering RNA (siRNA) using lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), we developed a self-amplifying RNA vaccine. Here we show that nonviral delivery of a 9-kb self-amplifying RNA encapsulated within an LNP substantially increased immunogenicity compared with delivery of unformulated RNA. This unique vaccine technology was found to elicit broad, potent, and protective immune responses, that were comparable to a viral delivery technology, but without the inherent limitations of viral vectors. Given the many positive attributes of nucleic acid vaccines, our results suggest that a comprehensive evaluation of nonviral technologies to deliver self-amplifying RNA vaccines is warranted. 相似文献
8.
Abstracts of the 25th International Isotope Society (UK Group) symposium: Synthesis and applications of labelled compounds 2016
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E. Aboagye K. Alger S.J. Archibald N.B.A. Bakar N. Barton J. Bergare J. Bloom R. Bragg B.P. Burke M.J. Burns L. Carroll D.G. Calatayud C. Cawthorne F. Cortezon‐Tamarit C. Crean M.P. Crump J.R. Dilworth J. Domarkas S.B. Duckett I. Eggleston C.S. Elmore E.M. van Es M. Fekete M. Goodwin G.G.R. Green G. Grönberg C.J. Hayes M.A. Hayes S. Hollis R. Hueting P. Ivanov G. Johnston W.J. Kerr A. Kohler G. Knox K. Lawrie R.E. Lee W. Lewis B. Lin W.J.S. Lockley E. López‐Torres K. Lv S. Maddocks B.J. Marsh A. Mendiola V. Mirabello C.S. Miranda P.L. Norcott D. O'Hagan A.M. Olaru S.I. Pascu P.J. Rayner D. Read K. Ridge T. Ritter I. Roberts N. Samuri S. Sarpaki D. Somers R. Taylor T. Tuttle J.R. Varcoe C.L. Willis 《Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals》2018,61(5):455-467
9.
Danielle Glista PhD Robin O'Hagan BA Danielle DiFabio BHSc Sheila Moodie PhD Karen Muñoz EdD Dave Pfingstgraef MClSc Ioan Aurelian Curca PhD Christine Meston PhD Frances Richert MSc Luxshmi Nageswaran Christine Brown MClSc Keiran Joseph MSc Marlene Bagatto PhD 《Journal of evaluation in clinical practice》2023,29(4):622-631
Rationale
Following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, a clinical practice guideline (CPG) around virtual hearing aid practices was developed to fill a knowledge gap within the field of audiology. Details outlining the development and mobilization of this draft guideline were outlined as Phase 1 (described in a paired paper).Aims and Objectives
This study describes Phase 2 of this project as part of the Knowledge-to-Action Framework, including an evaluation of the methodological quality of the guideline and the resulting tailored version of the document (v2.0).Method
The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument was used to assess methodological quality and to guide revisions. Twenty-two clinicians, from a variety of clinical backgrounds, participated in the evaluation.Results and Conclusion
Findings reported across six domains suggest high mean scores, ranging from 78% to 81%, in order of scope and purpose (highest rated), stakeholder involvement, rigour of development, applicability, clarity of presentation, and editorial independence. Specific recommendations made by in international co-creation team during the evaluation informed the final version of the CPG. Future development and evaluation efforts should aim to include greater representation from nontraditional practice contexts to strengthen global applicability. 相似文献10.