Pathophysiology and management of sensitive skin: position paper from the special interest group on sensitive skin of the International Forum for the Study of Itch (IFSI)

The special interest group on sensitive skin of the International Forum for the Study of Itch previously defined sensitive skin as a syndrome defined by the occurrence of unpleasant sensations (stinging, burning, pain, pruritus and tingling sensations) in response to stimuli that normally should not provoke such sensations. This additional paper focuses on the pathophysiology and the management of sensitive skin. Sensitive skin is not an immunological disorder but is related to alterations of the skin nervous system. Skin barrier abnormalities are frequently associated, but there is no cause and direct relationship. Further studies are needed to better understand the pathophysiology of sensitive skin – as well as the inducing factors. Avoidance of possible triggering factors and the use of well-tolerated cosmetics, especially those containing inhibitors of unpleasant sensations, might be suggested for patients with sensitive skin. The role of psychosocial factors, such as stress or negative expectations, might be relevant for subgroups of patients. To date, there is no clinical trial supporting the use of topical or systemic drugs in sensitive skin. The published data are not sufficient to reach a consensus on sensitive skin management. In general, patients with sensitive skin require a personalized approach, taking into account various biomedical, neural and psychosocial factors affecting sensitive skin.     

淋巴瘤细胞转染GM-CSF 基因后生物学特性的变化

目的：制备高表达GM－CSF的淋巴瘤细胞系，观察淋巴瘤细胞转染GM－CSF基因后生物学特性的改变。方法：将小鼠GF－CSF真核表达质粒用电穿孔法导入小鼠淋巴瘤细胞系RMA，有限稀释法制备单个细胞克隆，经RT－PCR，骨髓祖细胞增殖实验和集落形成实验筛选相对高表达GM－CSF的RMA克隆，并观察其生物学特性的改变。结果：获得了高表达GM－CS的RMA细胞系,其同基因动物体内致瘤性降低。结论：淋巴瘤细胞系RMA转染GM－CSF基因后致瘤性降低。     

缺血再灌注脑组织病理形态及脂质过氧化的动态观察

目的:探讨缺血再灌注脑组织病理形态及丙二醛含量变化的关系.方法:阻断双侧颈总动脉和椎动脉结合低血压法复制兔脑完全性缺血再灌注模型,观察心脉龙对脑组织病理形态变化及脂质过氧化的影响.结果:心脉龙能抑制膜脂质过氧化作用,且缺血再灌注脑组织丙二醛含量变化与其病理形态改变具有一致性.结论:动态观察血液丙二醛,可作为评价脑缺血性疾病治疗和预后的检测指标.     

膨润土对药用混悬液助悬性能的考察

本文报道了无机胶体膨润土(Bentonite)作为助悬剂在炉甘石洗剂中的应用,并与有机助悬剂及另一种无机胶体XVT—M进行比较,显示了其优异的助悬性能。     

人血清胰岛素抗体、猪胰岛素原抗体和胰多肽抗体的放射免疫检测法

作者用自制的[~(125)I]标记激素,参考国外经验,建立了人血清胰岛素抗体、猪胰岛素原抗体和胰多肽抗体等三种放射免疫检测法,并对方法的主要实验条件进行了优选,对方法的质量控制参数作了验证。结果发现:在使用国产胰岛素的糖尿病人血清中,三种抗体的检出率分别为90.8％、48.3％和36.5％;抗体特异性结合值分别为21.2±17.4％、41.8±27.4％和25.6±28.4;而正常人和糖尿病人未用胰岛素者全部为阴性,显示国产胰岛素具有明显的免疫原性。     

Contribution of genetic factors for melanoma susceptibility in sporadic US melanoma patients

Abstract:  The risks of developing malignant melanoma (MM) include ultraviolet irradiation and genetic factors. To examine the contribution of rare and common variation within known MM genes in sporadic US MM patients, coding regions of known MM susceptibility genes [cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A ( CDKN2A ), cyclin-dependent kinase 4, melanocortin 1 receptor ( MC1R ) and tyrosinase ( TYR )] were resequenced in 109–135 MM cases. The significance of variants was examined by comparing their frequencies in 390 cancer-free controls. Potential deleterious mutations in CDKN2A were found in two patients and two others had variants of unknown significance. Cases were more likely than controls to harbour the MC1R 'R' variants known or predicted to alter its function ( P  = 0.002), particularly the R160W variant ( P  = 0.0035). The associated TYR R402Q variant (rs1126809*A) was found in 29% of cases, similar to what has been described previously. One MM patient with a family history of MM, who had developed other skin cancers, was homozygous for a novel TYR variant (P406L) of unknown significance. Hence, rare variants in TYR may be important risk factors for skin cancer.