伽玛刀治疗脑血管畸形（附61例分析报告）

本文分析了伽玛刀治疗６１例脑血管畸形患者（ＡＶＭ４１例，ＡＯＶＭ２０例），经６个月、２年随访，结果１６个月以内血管巢闭塞占５４％，１８～２４个月闭塞占８０％；癫痫消失５６％（平均１．１年）；术后有１例再出血死亡（占ＡＶＭ２．４％）。作者探讨了影响畸形消失的有关因素，认为在允许范围内，剂量大，病灶消失速度快；病灶容积小，消失速度快；儿童病灶消失快。癫痫控制率偏低，若结合ＰＥＴ综合定位和处理，可望提高癫痫治愈率。对位于重要功能区或容积过大脑血管畸形，可先予其他处理，残余部分再行伽玛刀治疗。     

石榴皮鞣质改善慢性肾小球肾炎大鼠的尿液代谢组学的通路分析

摘 要 目的：探讨石榴皮鞣质改善慢性肾小球肾炎大鼠尿液代谢组学的通路。方法: 运用KEGG 数据库进行信号通路分析,用HMDB 数据库对代谢产物分子注释、相关的酶或转运蛋白及其相关性质进行分析,MetPA 网络软件对代谢产物路径进行可视化作图。结果: 12个差异性代谢产物共参与了16条代谢途径,其中“色氨酸代谢”、“三羧酸循环”、“苯丙氨酸代谢”、“半胱氨酸和甲硫氨酸代谢”的代谢通路影响显著（P<0.05）。结论:石榴皮鞣质干预下的慢性肾小球肾炎大鼠中“色氨酸代谢”、“三羧酸循环”、“苯丙氨酸代谢”、“半胱氨酸和甲硫氨酸代谢”发生变化参与其病理过程。     

Neurophysiological evidence of differential mechanisms involved in producing opposing and following responses to altered auditory feedback

Objective

When hearing perturbations in voice auditory feedback, people produce responses that mostly oppose the perturbation direction, whereas a few responses follow the direction of feedback perturbation. The causes of opposing and following responses, however, remain poorly understood. The present event-related potential (ERP) study sought to examine the neurophysiological processing of opposing and following responses to pitch feedback perturbations during self-monitoring of vocal production.

Method

Twelve Mandarin-native speakers participated in the experiment. Vocal and neurophysiological responses to pitch perturbations (±50 and ±200 cents) in voice auditory feedback were measured. Individual-trial responses were categorized according to the response direction and then separately averaged in groups of opposing and following responses. ERPs indexed by the P1-N1-P2 complex corresponding to two types of vocal responses were also obtained.

Results

Opposing and following vocal responses did not differ in the magnitude, but there were greater proportions of opposing to following responses to 50 cents stimuli. The amplitude and latency of the P1 and N1 components showed none of significance across conditions, whereas there was a direction × magnitude effect on the P2 response. Following responses elicited greater P2 amplitudes than opposing responses only when pitch feedback was perturbed for downward 200 cents, and upward pitch perturbation elicited greater P2 amplitudes than those with downward direction only in the production of opposing responses.

Conclusion

These findings demonstrate that cortical processing of opposing responses is different from that of following responses, which can be modulated by the physical properties of feedback perturbation.

Significance

Different neural mechanisms are involved in the production of opposing and following responses to feedback perturbations during self-monitoring of vocal production.     

A new model for the study of secondary intra-abdominal hypertension in rats

Background

To build a new and appropriate model of secondary intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) in rats.

Methods

A total of 32 female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomized into four groups. Group I: the rats were hemorrhaged to a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 40 mm Hg for 1 h and portal hypertension was induced by partial ligation of the portal vein 1 h later; Group II: after inducing portal hypertension, hemorrhagic shock of MAP of 40 mm Hg was induced and maintained for 1 h; Group III: after inducing portal hypertension, hemorrhagic shock of MAP of 40 mm Hg was induced and maintained for 2 h; Group IV: after inducing portal hypertension, hemorrhagic shock of MAP of 40 mm Hg was induced and maintained for 2 h, and a specially designed abdominal restraint device was used. After these procedures, respectively, the collected blood was reinfused and lactated Ringer solution was continuously infused until the secondary IAH model was established.

Results

No models were built in Groups I, II, and III. One rat died in Group IV after portal vein ligation, and all the remaining rats successfully developed IAH; the success rate was 87.5%. During the resuscitation period, the average time was 5.26 ± 0.59 h and the average total infusion volume was 665.5 ± 86.04 mL/kg.

Conclusion

A rat model of secondary IAH was successfully established by resuscitation after a combination of inducing portal hypertension, hemorrhaging to a MAP of 40 mm Hg for 2 h, and using an abdominal restraint device. All these criteria mimic key etiological factors for the development of secondary IAH.