A case of organophosphate (OP) poisoning who recovered after requiring almost 1000 mg of atropine, 10 gm of PAM and ventilatory support for 7 days is presented here. The overview of organophosphate poisoning and its management is given. With the approach adopted, the mortality reported in the general medicine unit in the central hospital in Nepal is 7.4%. The two important aspects of the management are vigilance of the atropine drip, especially at night, and other physical and psychological support care of the patients. 相似文献
To define the clinical and pathological patterns of urinary bladder carcinoma from the University Hospital of Nepal.
Methods
This is a retrospective analytical study. Patients with bladder mass who underwent surgery over 1 year and who had data record were included in the study. Demographic profile, type of surgery, findings on clinical examination, cystoscopy findings, histopathological report, tumor stage, and post-surgery adjuvant therapy were analyzed.
Results
Out of 86 patients who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor, 77 patients had biopsy-proven malignant bladder tumor. Urothelial cancer was present in 96.1%. Male were 78.6%. The mean age of diagnosis was 65.5?±?11.8 years. Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) was 3.7 times more common than muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). High-grade tumors (58.6%) were more common than low grade (41.4%). The detrusor muscle was present inthe biopsy specimen of 48 patients (64%). Re-TURBT within 2–6 weeks was considered based on histopathology reports for about half of the patients (45.3%). Upstaging and upgrading of the tumor was present in 5.8 and 5.8% of the patients, respectively. Residual tumor without upstaging and upgrading was present in 23.5%. One patient (1.3%) had Clavien–Dindo grade 1, three (4%) patients had grade 2 and two patients (2.7%) had grade 3b.
Conclusion
In the present study, patients with bladder cancer are younger than reported in other studies. Smokers are strongly predisposed. The histological pattern is similar to the Western and Asian populations. NMIBC and MIBC occur in proportion to that described as in other studies. We had a lower rate of recurrence, upstaging and upgrading. We had a lesser rate of acceptance for radical cystectomy in our patients.
Right lower quadrant mass in the abdomen has many causes, but gastric perforation is rare. We discuss a 65‐year‐old lady who presented with a history of pain in her abdomen followed by swelling in her right lower abdomen. During the evaluation, a diagnosis of gastric perforation was made. 相似文献
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is common, estimated to affect 425 million people worldwide in 2017. It is a condition that is continually growing in prevalence and is often associated with multiple co-morbidities. Its multi-system effects on the body mean that its management can pose a challenge, even to more experienced clinicians. In orthopaedic practice, diabetic patients are commonly encountered owing to their increased fracture risk and complications of the disease such as diabetic foot. An appropriate knowledge of diabetes, its pathophysiology, immunology and the pharmacology of medications used in its treatment is essential, as the consequences of mismanagement can be grave. Optimal treatment of diabetics can often require the involvement of a wider multidisciplinary team. Complications that can be encountered in the perioperative and postoperative periods include, diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state, surgical site infection and venous thromboembolism. This review outlines current concepts in the perioperative management of diabetes and its manifestations within orthopaedic surgery, with a focus on outcomes and complications. A review of the available literature reveals conflicting conclusions between studies, with no clear effect or consensus yet established for many issues. There is a need for a greater number of well-designed, high-quality, appropriately powered trials to establish the true effect of diabetes on outcomes in orthopaedic surgery. 相似文献
The catalase within normal, intact human erythrocytes was completely inactivated with amino triazole. The rate of 14CO2 evolution, when the cells were subsequently incubated with 14C-labeled glucose, provided a measure of the rate at which NADPH was being oxidized by the glutathione peroxidase/reductase system for the disposal of H2O2. This rate was determined in control cells and in catalase-inactivated cells while the cells were exposed to H2O2, which was generated at various constant and predetermined rates by glucose oxidase. The results indicated that catalase handles approximately half of the generated H2O2. The glutathione peroxidase/reductase mechanism accounted for the other half. These results are in agreement with our earlier findings on erythrocytes of a subject with a genetic deficiency of catalase. However, an unexpected result with the present approach was the finding that the increased dependence on the glutathione peroxidase/reductase mechanism did not occur until greater than 98% of the catalase had been inactivated. The latter observation indicates that catalase and the glutathione peroxidase/reductase system function intracellularly in a manner very different from that previously ascribed to them. An explanation of the findings requires that the two methods of H2O2 disposal function in a coordinated way, such as a sequential action in which the glutathione peroxidase/reductase system is the rate-limiting step. 相似文献
Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus experience high rates of influenza virus infection and complications. We compared the magnitude and duration of serologic response to trivalent influenza vaccine in adults aged 50–80 with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Serologic response to influenza vaccination was similar in both groups: greater fold‐increases in antibody titer occurred among participants with lower pre‐vaccination antibody titers. Waning of antibody titers was not influenced by diabetes status. 相似文献
Journal of Neuro-Oncology - This study aimed to investigate the preoperative predictive factors affecting return to work in patients with gliomas in the left cerebral hemisphere undergoing awake... 相似文献
In this study, Tithonia diversifolia Helms. (A Gray), Aloe secundiflora (Miller) and Azadirachta indica (A. Juss) plant extracts were used to make herbal soaps while Thevetia peruviana (Schum) seed oil was used to make a herbal lotion for skincare. The soaps were tested for the growth inhibition of Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. The lotion was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and E.coli. Although Tithonia diversifolia soap exhibited the highest inhibitory effect on the test bacterial strains, it had the least inhibition against C. albicans. Results from this study indicated that the ‘Tithonia diversifolia’ soap would have superior skin protection against the tested bacteria but would offer the least skin protection against C. albicans. The herbal lotion inhibited S. aureus and E. coli in a concentration dependent manner, however, the inhibitory effect was more pronounced on S. aureus. 相似文献
An analysis of this year's Most Wired Survey results shows for the first time that hospitals leading the way in information technology also have better outcomes. They use a wider array of IT tools to address quality, they conduct a larger percentage of clinical transitions via IT, and a larger percentage of their physicians enter orders themselves. 相似文献