老年人与青年人皮肤血流量比较研究

目的 判定增龄对皮肤血流量的影响。方法 用PIM2-LDPI检测皮肤血流量。结果 老年组前额、左手指背、命门穴部位皮肤血流量分别为:(1.94±0.86)V,(1.92±0.52)V和(0.71±0.19)V,与青年组比较差异无显著性。但是,老年男性在命门穴的皮肤血流量明显高于青年男性(P<0.05),老年女性前额的皮肤血流量明显降低(P<0.01)。男性比女性的皮肤血流量高。结论 皮肤血流量的差异无年龄相关性,男性组的皮肤血流量比女性组高。     

Genetic polymorphism of MHC class III and GLO in Chinese Yao nationality

Yao nationality is one of the minority nationalities living mainly in South China (Guangxi Province). The purpose of this study was to provide data of MHC classI and GLO in Chinese Yao nationality and the different genetic background of Yao and Han nationality, the latter representing the major nationality in China. The genetic polymorphism of MHC classI and GLO in Chinese Yao nationality was determined. Previously the Japanese were considered to have the lowest C*₂C frequencies (0.9386), but now we ascertained that the Yao have the lowest C2*C frequencies (0.9336). The data concerning gene frequencies of Yao are presented. They were also compared with the available data of Han.     

短期化疗对兔腹主动脉顺应性的影响

目的 比较短期化疗前后兔腹主动脉顺应性的变化，了解化疗药物对血管力学特性的影响。方法将15只新西兰兔随机等分为5组，其中4组接受1周期化疗（卡铂100mg／m^2，第1、3、5天；异环磷酰胺1500mg／m^2，第1、3、5天；足叶乙贰100mg／m^2，第l～3天），另1组为对照组。分别测量各组兔腹主动脉比顺应性（化疗组分为化疗后第2、7、14、21天进行观察）。结果短期化疗前后兔腹主动脉顺应性显著变化，化疗后第14天下降最明显，而第21天则基本恢复。结论短期化疗能够降低兔腹主动脉比顺应性，降低的程度与化疗后时间相关，并具有可逆行性。     

腹腔镜下左半结肠切除术相关筋膜平面的解剖观察

目的：探讨左半结肠切除术相关筋膜的解剖学特点和外科平面的鉴别方法。临床资料和方法：2003-2004年南方医院普通外科施行的腹腔镜左半结肠切除术15例，病例均为左半结肠癌。对腹腔镜下左半结肠后外侧、中线侧和直肠后外侧相关筋膜的解剖特点和镜下定位标志进行观察和描述。结果：在乙状结肠第一曲外侧缘肠壁与左侧腰大肌筋膜之间存在一个固定的粘连带，它是左侧Toldt’s线的尾侧端点。左半结肠系膜后外侧存在肾前筋膜；中线侧存在主动脉前筋膜；直肠系膜后外侧存在盆筋膜壁层。这三个部位的筋膜相互延续。结论：乙状结肠和左侧腰大肌筋膜之间的粘连带是左半结肠切除术外侧分离的起点。肾前筋膜是衬贴于左半结肠和直肠系膜后面的一层连续筋膜，在不同的解剖位置有不同的表现形式。左半结肠切除术的外科平面统一于结直肠系膜与连续的肾前筋膜之间。     

基于TRPV1/TRPA1调控TLR/NLRP3通路探讨中医药干预动脉粥样硬化研究进展

动脉粥样硬化（AS）是一种脂质堆积、血管内皮功能障碍导致的慢性炎症性疾病,Toll样受体（TLR）/核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)通路与NOD样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)炎性小体通路在动脉粥样硬化的产生中发挥着重要的致炎作用,而瞬时受体电位香草酸亚型1(TRPV1)与瞬时受体电位锚蛋白1(TRPA1)在动脉粥样硬化的发生过程中发挥着重要的保护作用。作者对近10年国内外期刊发表的相关研究进行梳理,研究显示,TRPV1/TRPA1的激活可以通过多种途径激活内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）、抑制活性氧（ROS）、抑制胆固醇晶体（CC）的产生进而调控TLR/NF-κB与NLRP3炎性小体通路,抑制TLR/NLRP3介导的炎症反应。同时,中医药中多种单味药有效成分与方剂可有效激活TRPV1/TRPA1或其下游途径,其对动脉粥样硬化中TLR/NLRP3通路可能具有显著调控作用。该文进一步对已探明的方剂及中药单味药有效成分调控AS中TLR/NLRP3通路的机制进行梳理,将TRPV1/TRPA1调控TLR/NLRP3途径的机制与中药方剂与单体成分进行对应。为治疗动脉粥样硬化的中药药物相互作用机制提供新启发...     

前额叶皮层的5-HT谷氨酸：一个新的抗精神病药的靶点

七十年代末,利用放射配体结合技术发现抗精神病药不仅作用于多巴胺受体,同时也作用于5-ＨＴ受体,尤其是前额叶皮质[1]。放射标记资料同时证实,参与这个过程的是5-ＨＴ2和5-ＨＴ1受体亚型,主要是5-ＨＴ2Ａ受体[2]。之后的实验资料证实,一些抗精神病药如Ｃｌｏｚａｐｉｎｅ,对5-ＨＴ2Ａ受体的作用比Ｄ2受体的作用强[3]。进入八十年代,根据抗精神病药对锥体外系的副作用等特征,将抗精神病药划分为经典和非经典两大类。非经典类药物具有椎体外系副作用小,抗精神病范围广,尤其是对抑郁型精神病效果显著等特征。而实验资料表明,此类药物对5-ＨＴ2…     

利培酮对精神分裂症的疗效及对记忆和注意功能的影响

目的 :探讨利培酮对精神分裂症 (SC)的疗效及对认知功能的影响。方法 :对 45例首发精神分裂症及分裂样精神障碍病人在利培酮治疗前后分别进行临床记忆量表、数字划销测验、阳性与阴性症状量表 (PANSS)和不良反应量表评定。疗程 8wk。结果 :利培酮治疗SC的临床总有效率为 91 % ,显效率 78%。治疗后记忆商、指向记忆、无意义图象再认及数字划销测验净分均高于治疗前 ,数字划销测验的失误率低于治疗前 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1 )。PANSS的阳性症状量表分下降与记忆商呈负相关 ,与数字划销测验的失误率呈正相关 ;而阴性症状量表分的下降与记忆和数字划销测验各项指标间无明显相关性。结论 :利培酮能有效地治疗SC病人的阳性和阴性症状 ,改善记忆及注意功能。     

Predictive value of free triiodothyronine (FT3) to free thyroxine (FT4) ratio in long-term outcomes of euthyroid patients with three-vessel coronary artery disease

Background and aimsWhether routine assessment of FT3/FT4 ratio in euthyroid patients with three-vessel disease (3VD) could help identify high-risk individuals remains unclear. This study evaluated the relationship between FT3/FT4 ratio and long-term clinical outcomes in this specific population.Methods and resultsThis study included 2106 euthyroid patients with 3VD (stenoses of ≥50% in right coronary artery, left circumflex and left anterior descending). Patients were categorized into three groups according to tertiles of FT3/FT4 ratio (Q1>2.58,n = 704; 2.2 ≤ Q2<2.58, n = 706; Q3<2.22, n = 696). The median follow-up time was 5.3 years, during which 206 deaths and 332 MACCEs (consisting of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and stroke) occurred. Compared with the other two groups, patients with low level of FT3/FT4 ratio tended to be female, older, diabetic, and had significantly higher incidences of all-cause death, cardiac death and MACCE (all P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that patients with low level of FT3/FT4 ratio had higher risks of long-term cardiac death (adjusted HR = 1.87, 95% CI 1.06–3.28, P = 0.030) and MACCE (adjusted HR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.07–1.93, P = 0.017) than those with high level of FT3/FT4 ratio. Subgroup analysis showed there was a significant interaction between FT3/FT4 ratio and age (≥65 years vs.<65 years) for MACCE (P = 0.029).ConclusionLow level of FT3/FT4 ratio is independently associated with an increased risk of long-term cardiac death and MACCE in euthyroid patients with 3VD. Routine assessment of FT3/FT4 ratio might be helpful to identify high-risk individuals in this specific population.     

The anti-arthritic activity of total glycosides from Pterocephalus hookeri,a traditional Tibetan herbal medicine

Context: Pterocephalus hookeri (C. B. Clarke) Hock., a traditional Tibetan herbal medicine rich in glycosides, has been used to treat several diseases including rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: To evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of total glycosides from P. hookeri, and its possible mechanisms of action.

Materials and methods: Anti-arthritic activity of total glycosides from P. hookeri (oral administration for 30 days at 14–56?mg/kg) was evaluated using paw swelling, arthritis scores and histopathological measurement in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) Sprague-Dawley rats. The NF-κB p65 expression in synovial tissues, and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels was measured in AA rats, respectively. Further assessment of anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of these glycosides were carried out using inflammation and hyperalgesia models induced by xylene, carrageenan, agar and acetic acid, respectively.

Results: Total glycosides (56?mg/kg) decreased the paw swelling (38.0%, p?p?p?p?p?p?p?Discussion and conclusion: Our findings confirmed the anti-arthritic property of the total glycosides from P. hookeri, which may be attributed to its inhibition on NF-κB signalling and oxidative stress.