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Brianna Lindsay Joe Oundo M. Anowar Hossain Martin Antonio Boubou Tamboura Alan W. Walker Joseph N. Paulson Julian Parkhill Richard Omore Abu S.G. Faruque Suman Kumar Das Usman N. Ikumapayi Mitchell Adeyemi Doh Sanogo Debasish Saha Samba Sow Tamer H. Farag Dilruba Nasrin Shan Li Sandra Panchalingam Myron M. Levine Karen Kotloff Laurence S. Magder Laura Hungerford Halvor Sommerfelt Mihai Pop James P. Nataro O. Colin Stine 《Emerging infectious diseases》2015,21(2):242-250
Pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract exist within a vast population of microbes. We examined associations between pathogens and composition of gut microbiota as they relate to Shigella spp./enteroinvasive Escherichia coli infection. We analyzed 3,035 stool specimens (1,735 nondiarrheal and 1,300 moderate-to-severe diarrheal) from the Global Enteric Multicenter Study for 9 enteropathogens. Diarrheal specimens had a higher number of enteropathogens (diarrheal mean 1.4, nondiarrheal mean 0.95; p<0.0001). Rotavirus showed a negative association with Shigella spp. in cases of diarrhea (odds ratio 0.31, 95% CI 0.17–0.55) and had a large combined effect on moderate-to-severe diarrhea (odds ratio 29, 95% CI 3.8–220). In 4 Lactobacillus taxa identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the association between pathogen and disease was decreased, which is consistent with the possibility that Lactobacillus spp. are protective against Shigella spp.–induced diarrhea. Bacterial diversity of gut microbiota was associated with diarrhea status, not high levels of the Shigella spp. ipaH gene. 相似文献
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Diffusion tensor imaging on teenagers, born at term with moderate hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Nagy Z Lindström K Westerberg H Skare S Andersson J Hallberg B Lilja A Flodmark O Lagercrantz H Klingberg T Fernell E 《Pediatric research》2005,58(5):936-940
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is graded with three levels of severity-mild, moderate and severe. The outcome of individuals with mild and severe grades can be reliably predicted from this scheme. Individuals with moderate degree are divided in outcome between those who suffer major neurologic problems (e.g., cerebral palsy) and those who are assumed to recover from the incident. It is however not clear if the recovery is complete and unquestionable. A group of adolescents who had been born at term, diagnosed with moderate HIE but had not developed cerebral palsy, were investigated with diffusion tensor imaging. Fractional anisotropy maps were used as a basis of comparison to a group of controls of the same age and gender distribution. In several white matter areas fractional anisotrophy was lower in the group of individuals with a history of moderate HIE. These areas include the internal capsules (bilaterally in the posterior limb and on the right in the anterior limb), the posterior and anterior corpus callosum as well as frontal inferior white matter areas. These results indicate that even in the absence of such major neurologic impairments as cerebral palsy, moderate HIE causes long term white matter disturbances which are not repaired by adolescence. 相似文献
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Anti-trypanosome specific immune responses in bovids of differing susceptibility to African trypanosomiasis.
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A clone of Trypanosoma brucei brucei (DiTat 1.1) was injected into 32 bovids of various breeds, 11 animals being kept as controls. Five animals, Simmental-Ndama F1 crosses, were extremely sensitive. They showed overt symptoms and one died on day 18 of infection despite treatment with a trypanocidal drug. Seven other animals became ill but recovered progressively and cleared the infection. Twenty animals, of breeds generally considered to be trypanosensitive as well as ones from trypanotolerant breeds, did not show symptoms apart from anaemia and cleared the infection. Putative protective antibody, i.e. directed against exposed determinants on the coat variant-specific glycoprotein, was detected by agglutination, complement-mediated lysis and inhibition of infectivity. All animals showed a primary immune response consisting of IgM whose kinetics and amplitude were indistinguishable between animals of differing sensitivity. The response was long-lasting, whether the animals had been treated or not with a trypanocidal drug 3 weeks after infection, and antibody of IgG1 and IgG2 types were detected in certain sensitive as well as resistant animals after 2 months. Some animals were rechallenged with DiTat 1.1 either 1 year after the primary infection or 6 months after inoculation of irradiated trypanosomes. Peak titres of antibody were lower than was the case following primary infection but higher levels of mercaptoenthanol-resistant antibodies were seen. In no case was there any difference in the response of sensitive or tolerant animals. Our results do not support the idea that resistance of certain bovids to African trypanosomiasis is due to a better protective antibody response. 相似文献
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Soumeya Hema‐Ouangraoua Abdoul Aziz Maiga Matthew Cairns Issaka Zongo Nikiema Frdric Rakiswend Serge Yerbanga Boubou Tamboura Henry Badji Georgia Gore‐Langton Irene Kuepfer Halidou Tinto Issaka Sagara Alassane Dicko Samba O. Sow Daniel Chandrahoman Brian Greenwood Jean Bosco Ouedraogo 《Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH》2019,24(12):1442-1454
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Yaya Kassogue Brehima Diakite Oumar Kassogue Issa Konate Kadidiatou Tamboura Zoumana Diarra Mamoudou Maiga Hind Dehbi Sellama Nadifi Cheick Bougadari Traore Bakarou Kamate Sounkalo Dao Seydou Doumbia Guimogo Dolo 《Medicine》2021,100(29)
Cytochrome P450 enzymes play a central role in the phase I biotransformation process of a wide range of compounds, including xenobiotics, drugs, hormones and vitamins. It is noteworthy that these enzymes are highly polymorphic and, depending on the genetic makeup, an individual may have impaired enzymatic activity. Therefore, the identification of genetic variants in these genes could facilitate the implementation of pharmacogenetic studies and genetic predisposition to multifactorial diseases. We have established the frequencies of CYP2B6 (rs3745274; rs2279343) and CYP3A4 (rs2740574) alleles and genotypes in 209 healthy Malian subjects using TaqMan drug metabolism genotyping assays for allelic discrimination. Allele frequencies were 37% for CYP2B6 rs3745274; 38% for CYP2B6 rs2279343; and 75% for CYP3A4 rs2740574 respectively. Overall, the frequencies observed in Mali are statistically comparable to those reported across Africa except North Africa. The major haplotypes in CYP2B6 rs3745274 and CYP2B6 rs2279343 were represented by GA (60.24%) followed by TG (35.36%). We noted a strong linkage disequilibrium between CYP2B6 rs3745274 and CYP2B6 rs2279343 with D’ = 0.91 and r2 = 0.9. The frequencies of the genotypic combinations were 43.5% (GT/AG), 37.3% (GG/AA) and 11.5% (TT/GG) in the combination of CYP2B6-rs3745274 and CYP2B6-rs2279343; 26.8% (GT/CC), 25.4%, (GT/CT), 17.2% and GG/CT in the combination CYP2B6-rs3745274-CYP3A4-rs2740574; 26.8% (AG/CC), 23.9% (AA/CC), 19.1% (AG/CT), and 11% (AA/CT) in the combination CYP2B6-rs2279343-CYP3A4-rs2740574, respectively. The most common triple genotype was GT/AG/CC with 24.9%, followed by GG/AA/CC with 23.9%, GT/AG/CT with 16.7%, and GG/AA/CT with 10%. Our results provide new insights into the distribution of these pharmacogenetically relevant genes in the Malian population. Moreover, these data will be useful for studies of individual genetic variability to drugs and genetic predisposition to diseases. 相似文献
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Dominique Hubert Raphaël Chiron Boubou Camara Dominique Grenet Anne Prévotat Laurence Bassinet Stéphane Dominique Gilles Rault Julie Macey Isabelle Honoré Reem Kanaan Sylvie Leroy Nadine Desmazes Dufeu Pierre-Régis Burgel 《Journal of cystic fibrosis》2017,16(3):388-391
Objective
To investigate the short-term adverse events and effectiveness of lumacaftor/ivacaftor combination treatment in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) and severe lung disease in a real life setting.Methods
A multicentre observational study investigated adverse events, treatment discontinuation, FEV1 and body mass index (BMI) one month and three months after lumacaftor/ivacaftor initiation in adults with CF and FEV1 below 40% predicted.Results
Respiratory adverse events (AEs) were reported by 27 of 53 subjects (51%) and 16 (30%) discontinued treatment. The mean absolute change in FEV1 was + 2.06% after one month of treatment (P = 0.086) and + 3.19% after 3 months (P = 0.009). BMI was unchanged.Conclusions
Treatment with lumacaftor/ivacaftor in patients with CF and severe lung disease was discontinued more frequently than reported in clinical trials, due to respiratory AEs. Nevertheless, the patients who continued treatment had an increase in lung function comparable to what was observed in pivotal trials. 相似文献9.
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