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1.
JA HYEON KU CHEOL KWAK SEUNG-JUNE OH EUNSIK LEE SANG EUN LEE JAE-SEUNG PAICK 《International journal of urology》2004,11(7):489-493
BACKGROUND: Our aims in the present study were to estimate the influences of pain and urinary symptoms on quality of life, and to determine which of these two variables has the most predictive power with respect to quality of life in young men with chronic prostatitis-like symptoms. METHODS: Chronic prostatitis-like symptoms were measured by the National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index. Of the 28,841 men aged 20 years who lived in the study community, 18,495 men (a response rate 64.1%) agreed to participate in the study. A total of 1057 men who complained of symptoms indicative of chronic prostatitis were included in the study. The influences of pain and urinary symptoms on quality of life were determined using logistic regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to estimate the predictive ability of each of these variables with respect to quality of life. RESULTS: Results from multivariate analysis showed that both pain and urinary symptoms were associated with an increased likelihood of impaired quality of life, although pain contributed more to a reduced quality of life than urinary symptoms. Relative to men who experienced mild pain, men who experienced moderate pain had a 3.9-fold risk of poor quality of life (odds ratio [OR], 3.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.86-5.23; P < 0.001) and those who experienced severe pain had a 15.7-fold risk of reduced quality of life (OR, 15.68; 95% CI, 6.59-37.35; P < 0.001). Moderate urinary symptoms were associated with a 1.4-fold risk of bother (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.01-1.99; P < 0.001) and severe urinary symptoms were associated with 2.4-fold risk (OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.37-4.12; P < 0.001), relative to mild urinary symptoms. Comparison of the effects of pain and urinary symptoms showed that pain severity had the most predictive power for bother, quality of life, and quality-of-life impact. The areas under the ROC curves for bother, quality of life, and quality-of-life impact were 71.3%, 69.3% and 72.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Urinary symptoms and pain might be associated with an increased likelihood of impaired quality of life in young men with chronic prostatitis-like symptoms. In addition, our findings suggest that pain severity is the most influential variable for determining quality of life in this population. 相似文献
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Short-Ti inversion-recovery pulse sequence: analysis and initial experience in cancer imaging 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Inversion recovery (IR), commonly considered a pulse sequence capable of producing T1-weighted images with excellent display of normal anatomy, is versatile: The null point and peak time provide a useful, succinct summary of the properties of IR and its capacity for producing both T1- and T2-weighted images. Shortening of the inversion time (TI) and creation of a short-TI inversion-recovery (STIR) pulse sequence increases sensitivity to malignancy and other abnormalities by making the effects of prolonged T1 and T2 on signal intensity additive and by nulling the signal from fat. The authors examined over 300 patients with various malignancies and compared STIR images with T1- and T2-weighted images obtained at 0.5 T. In 43 cases, signal-difference-to-noise ratios (SD/Ns) were calculated between tumor, fat, and muscle. In general, STIR images demonstrated tumor as a conspicuously high-intensity area in a background of muted, discernible anatomic detail. The good contrast achieved with STIR sequences between tumor and fat (SD/N = 18.1) and tumor and muscle (SD/N = 12.9) consolidated into a single image the information contained separately on T1- and T2-weighted images, which facilitates efficient detection and localization of malignancy. 相似文献
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Joseph A Bellanti 《Allergy and asthma proceedings》2006,27(3):186-196
A series of eight articles from the published literature for the period 2004-2005 was selected for review in this article. Small-airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its management were the subjects of the first two articles reviewed in this commentary. Progression of COPD from the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stages 0-4 was found to be most strongly associated with thickening of the airway wall and each of its compartments by a repair or remodeling process. Management of COPD, including the addition of pulmonary rehabilitation to treatment regimens, may reduce symptoms and improve exercise performance. The addition of theophylline or an inhaled corticosteroid (or both) to optimal inhaled bronchodilator therapy together with aggressive treatment of hypoxemia were suggested to provide additional benefits and lung-volume-reduction surgery and transplantation were recommended as other treatment options for a subgroup of patients with very severe disease. The next three articles addressed the impact of outdoor and indoor air pollution and the effects of childhood asthma as antecedents of asthma in the adult in later life. Current levels of air pollution are known to have chronic, adverse effects on lung development in children from age 10 to 18 years, leading to clinically significant deficits in attained forced expiratory volume in one second as children reach adulthood. Among inner-city children with atopic asthma, an individualized, home-based, comprehensive environmental intervention resulted in reduced asthma-associated morbidity and supported that a multifaceted, home-based, environmental intervention approach may be beneficial. The prognosis of childhood allergic asthma in adulthood was found to be determined largely early in life and the degree of atopy appeared to be a critical determinant of asthma persistence. The next article reviewed the controversial area of the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis caused by fungi. Intranasal Amphotericin B was shown to reduce inflammatory mucosal thickening on both CT scan and nasal endoscopy and decreased the levels of intranasal markers for eosinophilic inflammation in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. The last two articles reviewed two papers dealing with the role that gastrointestinal immune responses play in maintaining protective immunity in health and a critical role in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of clinical disorders associated with food allergy as well as the suspected pivotal role of oral tolerance to dietary proteins for the prevention of food allergy. The mode of antigen uptake in the gut and different regulatory immune cells appear to play critical roles in maintenance of oral tolerance as shown in many animal model systems. 相似文献