Profil de l’hémogramme et intérêt de la mesure de l’hémoglobine pré-don chez des donneurs de sang de la région Nord-Ouest du Maroc

Background

Blood donation in Morocco and more particularly in the northwest region is carried out without prior determination of the pre-donation hemoglobin. In addition, we note the lack of scientific research that reports data on the red blood cells, leukocytes and platelet lines in donated blood at the regional or even national level.

来氟米特联合白芍总苷治疗老年类风湿关节炎的疗效及对ESR、CRP、RF的影响研究

目的:探索来氟米特联合白芍总苷治疗老年类风湿关节炎(RA)的临床疗效及对患者红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、类风湿因子(RF)等的影响。方法:选取2013年10月-2014年10月确诊并收治的老年RA患者84例,按照就诊顺序随机分为2组,各42例。对照组患者单用来氟米特治疗,观察组患者采用来氟米特联合白芍总苷进行治疗。观察2组临床治疗效果以及治疗前后ESR、CRP、RF等相关指标的改善情况,同时记录患者治疗期间不良反应情况。结果:观察组治疗总有效率为95.24%,显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2组患者治疗后晨僵时间、关节压痛数、关节压痛指数、关节肿胀数、关节肿胀指数以及ESR、CRP、RF等相关指标均较治疗前明显改善,且观察组上述各项指标与对照组比较有显著差异(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率为9.52%,显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:来氟米特联合白芍总苷治疗老年类风湿关节炎疗效显著,可有效改善患者的临床症状及ESR、CRP、RF等相关指标,且不良反应较少,安全性高,值得临床推广应用。     

Decreased blood levels of glyoxalase I and diabetic complications

The formation of Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs) has been found to play a role in the development of diabetic symptoms. Production of methylglyoxal (MG), a highly cytotoxic and crosslinking aldehyde, is elevated among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is a precursor to AGEs. The ubiquitous glyoxalase system is one of several defense mechanisms involved in MG metabolism and the protection against the production of AGEs. The system is a complex of two enzymes: glyoxalase I (GloI) that converts MG and reduced glutathione (GSH) to S-lactoylglutathione which is converted to D-lactic acid by glyoxalase II, regenerating GSH in the process. The malfunctioning of the glyoxalase system results in the accumulation of MG. The present study was performed to explore the relationship between the decreased activity of GloI and the complications associated to T2DM. The activities of the GloI, GloII and the concentration of GSH were measured in blood samples of 203 volunteers: 75 controls, 60 non-insulino-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) individuals and 68 NIDDM patients with complications as follow: 18 with nephropathy, 15 with retinopathy, 15 with neuropathy and 20 with macroangiopathy. All individuals were from the northen region of Morocco. We also evaluated the relationships between GloI levels and the pathogenesis of micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes. We found a significant decrease in the GloI activity and GSH levels in patients with diabetes compared to controls. GloI activity was further reduced in samples from diabetes patients with complications. The levels of GloI were markedly lower in blood samples from patients with nephropathy than in uncomplicated patients and normal subjects. In contrast, there was no significant change in the activity of GloII in NIDDM patients compared to controls. This study suggests that the low level of GloI activity in T2DM patients is most probably due to decreased level of GSH content and reflects the role of GloI enzyme in protecting T2DM patients from AGEs accumulation and further complications.