氟喹诺酮类药物不良反应168例分析

0 引言 随着氟喹诺酮类药物在临床的广泛应用，有关其应用所致不良反应的报道也日趋增多，我们通过对1990／2003年我院氟喹诺酮类药物不良反应情况报告如下，供临床参考。     

Eine Vervollständigung der Bassinischen Operation für inguinale Hernien

Ohne Zusammenfassung Unter Benutzung einer vom Verfasser revidierten und genehmigten übersetzung ins Deutsche von Dr.Grodzienski. (Schriftl.)     

Pharmacokinetics of GM1 ganglioside following parenteral administration

The pharmacokinetic parameters of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) have been determined in healthy volunteers at 3 dose levels: 100, 200, 300 mg. Each dose was administered to separate groups of 12 volunteers. GM1 levels were determined in plasma, urine, and faeces by a method based on the property of the cholera toxin beta subunit to react specifically with GM1 ganglioside. A non-compartmental model was applied to determine standard pharmacokinetic parameters. The average AUC increased with dose (1002 +/- 121.2, 1306 +/- 146.1, 3155 +/- 121.6 micrograms mL-1 h after 100, 200, 300 mg, respectively). Plasma clearance was less than 3 mL min-1 and the distribution volume was close to the plasma volume (on average between 4.3 and 7.2 L). Mean residence time was about 43 h for all doses. GM1 was not detected in urine, while in faeces the amount of GM1 determined was similar to the baseline values obtained before dosing.     

Friction, capacitance and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in dry atopic and normal skin

The biophysical properties of non-eczematous skin at three locations in atopics and non-atopics were characterized using non-invasive physical methods. Skin friction was measured with a newly developed sliding friction instrument, the degree of hydration with a capacitance meter (Corneometer CM 820), and the transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was determined using an Evaporimeter EP1. The areas examined (dorsum of the hand, volar forearm and lower back) showed lower values of friction and capacitance in the atopic patients than did corresponding sites in the normal controls. In most areas a significant correlation between friction and capacitance was found. The TEWL was increased in atopic skin, but TEWL seems to correlate neither to friction nor to capacitance.     

Ärztliche Fehleroffenbarung – Strafrechtliche Strategien für postinvasive Arzt-Patientengespräche

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Pharmacokinetics of isosorbide mononitrate in a new sustained release oral form in comparison with a conventional formulation

40 mg of isosorbide mononitrate (isosorbide-5-mononitrate, IS5MN) in conventional (Ismo 20) and sustained release formulations (Ismo Diffutab) were administered to 5 male healthy volunteers. The administration of the sustained release formulation was repeated for seven days in order to evaluate the possible occurrence of accumulation. Pharmacokinetic data showed that the sustained release formulation reached significantly lower and delayed mean peak plasma levels compared with the conventional formulation, respectively 452.8 +/- 67.8 ng/ml and 706.7 +/- 57.3 (mean +/- SE) (p less than 0.05). Peak times were 4.6 +/- 0.2 and 2.4 +/- 0.2 (p less than 0.005) h, respectively. A longer plasma half-life together with larger AUC for the sustained release formulation was also observed. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the sustained release formulation are consistent with a therapeutic usefulness and suggest further clinical evaluation.     

Heparin modulates proliferation and proteoglycan biosynthesis in murine mesangial cells: molecular clues for its activity in nephropathy

Glycosaminoglycan administration has favourable effects on morphologicaland functional renal abnormalities in different models. Thepossibility that exogenous glycosaminoglycans modulate glomerularmatrix synthesis was explored in both primary and SV40-MES13murine mesangial cell cultures. On both cell types, both low-molecular-weightheparin and different glycosaminoglycans showed dose-dependentinhibition of proliferation and increase of ³⁵SO^2–₄ uptake.After 36 h the cell compartment contained a spectrum of ³⁵S-moleculesof less than 200 kDa; under heparin treatment, the two main³⁵SO^2–₄ components (high and medium MW) increased by 16and 37% respectively. Susceptibility to glycosidases revealedthat heparin promotes the expression of heparan sulphate andincreases that of chondroitin sulphate. Moreover, heparin modifiesthe expression of decorin and bigly-can, involved in adhesionand fibrillogenesis, while not affecting perlecan. The extracellularmatrix modulation in renal cells, for which the sulphation typeand ratio of heparin are crucial, may thus explain the beneficialrenal effects of heparin.