排序方式: 共有3条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1
1.
Cheryl Cohen Meredith L. McMorrow Neil A. Martinson Kathleen Kahn Florette K. Treurnicht Jocelyn Moyes Thulisa Mkhencele Orienka Hellferscee Limakatso Lebina Matebejane Moroe Katlego Motlhaoleng Francesc Xavier GmezOliv Ryan Wagner Stephen Tollman Floidy Wafawanaka Sizzy Ngobeni Jackie Kleynhans Azwifari Mathunjwa Amelia Buys Lorens Maake Nicole Wolter Maimuna Carrim Stuart Piketh Brigitte Language Angela Mathee Anne von Gottberg Stefano Tempia for the PHIRST group 《Influenza and other respiratory viruses》2021,15(6):789
PurposeThe PHIRST study (Prospective Household cohort study of Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial virus, and other respiratory pathogens community burden and Transmission dynamics in South Africa) aimed to estimate the community burden of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) including the incidence of infection, symptomatic fraction, and to assess household transmission.ParticipantsWe enrolled 1684 individuals in 327 randomly selected households in a rural and an urban site over three consecutive influenza and two RSV seasons. A new cohort of households was enrolled each year. Participants were sampled with nasopharyngeal swabs twice‐weekly during the RSV and influenza seasons of the year of enrolment. Serology samples were collected at enrolment and before and after the influenza season annually.Findings to DateThere were 122 113 potential individual follow‐up visits over the 3 years, and participants were interviewed for 105 783 (87%) of these. Out of 105 683 nasopharyngeal swabs, 1258 (1%) and 1026 (1%) tested positive on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for influenza viruses and RSV, respectively. Over one third of individuals had PCR‐confirmed influenza each year. Overall, there was influenza transmission to 10% of household contacts of an index case.Future PlansFuture planned analyses include analysis of influenza serology results and RSV burden and transmission. Households enrolled in the PHIRST study during 2016–2018 were eligible for inclusion in a study of SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission initiated in July 2020. This study uses similar testing frequency to assess the community burden of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and the role of asymptomatic infection in virus transmission. 相似文献
2.
Fahima Moosa Stefano Tempia Jackie Kleynhans Meredith McMorrow Jocelyn Moyes Mignon du Plessis Maimuna Carrim Florette K. Treurnicht Orienka Helferscee Thulisa Mkhencele Azwifarwi Mathunjwa Neil A. Martinson Kathleen Kahn Limakatso Lebina Floidy Wafawanaka Cheryl Cohen Anne von Gottberg Nicole Wolter for the PHIRST Group 《Emerging infectious diseases》2023,29(2):294
We conducted 3 prospective cohort studies (2016–2018), enrolling persons from 2 communities in South Africa. Nasopharyngeal swab specimens were collected twice a week from participants. Factors associated with Bordetella pertussis incidence, episode duration, and household transmission were determined by using Poisson regression, Weibull accelerated time-failure, and logistic regression hierarchical models, respectively. Among 1,684 participants, 118 episodes of infection were detected in 107 participants (incidence 0.21, 95% CI 0.17–0.25 infections/100 person-weeks). Children <5 years of age who had incomplete vaccination were more likely to have pertussis infection. Episode duration was longer for participants who had higher bacterial loads. Transmission was more likely to occur from male index case-patients and persons who had >7 days infection duration. In both communities, there was high incidence of B. pertussis infection and most cases were colonized. 相似文献
3.
Vicky L. Baillie David P. Moore Azwifarwi Mathunjwa Daniel E. Park Donald M. Thea Geoffrey Kwenda Lawrence Mwananyanda Shabir A. Madhi 《Viruses》2021,13(8)
Endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV) are capable of causing a range of diseases from the common cold to pneumonia. We evaluated the epidemiology and seasonality of endemic HCoVs in children hospitalized with clinical pneumonia and among community controls living in countries with a high HIV burden, namely South Africa and Zambia, between August 2011 to October 2013. Nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs were collected from all cases and controls and tested for endemic HCoV species and 12 other respiratory viruses using a multiplex real-time PCR assay. We found that the likelihood of detecting endemic HCoV species was higher among asymptomatic controls than cases (11% vs. 7.2%; 95% CI: 1.2–2.0). This was however only observed among children > 6 months and was mainly driven by the Betacoronavirus endemic species (HCoV-OC43 and –HKU1). Endemic HCoV species were detected through the year; however, in Zambia, the endemic Betacoronavirus species tended to peak during the winter months (May–August). There was no association between HIV status and endemic HCoV detection. 相似文献
1