全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2957篇 |
免费 | 125篇 |
国内免费 | 35篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 17篇 |
儿科学 | 80篇 |
妇产科学 | 66篇 |
基础医学 | 238篇 |
口腔科学 | 65篇 |
临床医学 | 203篇 |
内科学 | 936篇 |
皮肤病学 | 35篇 |
神经病学 | 214篇 |
特种医学 | 125篇 |
外科学 | 562篇 |
综合类 | 14篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 112篇 |
眼科学 | 37篇 |
药学 | 142篇 |
肿瘤学 | 270篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 35篇 |
2022年 | 48篇 |
2021年 | 72篇 |
2020年 | 37篇 |
2019年 | 67篇 |
2018年 | 77篇 |
2017年 | 72篇 |
2016年 | 58篇 |
2015年 | 71篇 |
2014年 | 110篇 |
2013年 | 158篇 |
2012年 | 255篇 |
2011年 | 254篇 |
2010年 | 169篇 |
2009年 | 160篇 |
2008年 | 252篇 |
2007年 | 254篇 |
2006年 | 236篇 |
2005年 | 202篇 |
2004年 | 173篇 |
2003年 | 131篇 |
2002年 | 107篇 |
2001年 | 9篇 |
2000年 | 9篇 |
1999年 | 12篇 |
1998年 | 11篇 |
1997年 | 14篇 |
1996年 | 11篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
1963年 | 1篇 |
1962年 | 1篇 |
1960年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3117条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Dr. Michael Kalavritinos Moschos A. Papadopoulos Athanasios Nasiopoulos 《Journal of orofacial orthopedics》2005,66(2):135-147
AIM: The aim of this retrospective clinical study was to evaluate dental arch, skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue profile changes following treatment of Class III malocclusion by means of the Function Regulator (FR-3) appliance. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study sample consisted of 14 growing patients (seven boys and seven girls) with a mean age of 9.7 +/- 1.1 years presenting Class III malocclusion. They were treated with an FR-3 appliance exclusively for a period of 2.4 +/- 0.6 years. Dental casts and lateral cephalometric radiographs were obtained immediately before initiation and after completion of treatment with the FR-3 appliance. Thirteen variables were used for the dental cast analysis and 61 variables for the cephalometric analysis. The paired t-test was utilized to evaluate the presence of significant changes (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The evaluation of the dental casts revealed that there was a significant increase in intermolar, interpremolar, and intercanine width of the maxilla and of palatal height after treatment. Concerning the mandible, an increase in intermolar and intercanine width and a decrease in lower arch depth were observed. Cephalometric evaluation revealed a significant decrease in SNB angle and an increase in ANB angle, overjet, facial convexity, nose prominence, and lower soft tissue face height. There was an increase in upper lip thickness and a decrease in lower lip convexity observed after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study confirm a favorable functional and esthetic maxillary and mandibular position following treatment by means of the function regulator (FR-3) appliance. 相似文献
2.
Athanasios Katsarkas 《Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery》2002,127(5):490; author reply 490-490; author reply 491
3.
Increased sensitization in urban vs. rural environment – Rural protection or an urban living effect?
Kostas N. Priftis Michael B. Anthracopoulos Alexandra Nikolaou-Papanagiotou Vasiliki Mantziou Athanasios G. Paliatsos George Tzavelas Polyxeni Nicolaidou Eva Mantzouranis 《Pediatric allergy and immunology》2007,18(3):209-216
In a population-based longitudinal cohort study, we tested the hypothesis that children growing up in a high-traffic polluted urban area (UA) in the Athens' basin have higher prevalence of allergies and sensitization when compared with those growing up in a Greek provincial rural area (RA). We recruited 478 and 342 children aged 8-10 living in the UA and the RA, respectively. Respiratory health was assessed by a parent-completed questionnaire in three phases: 1995-96 (phase 1), 1999-2000 (phase 2), 2003-04 (phase 3) and skin-prick testing to common indoor and outdoor aeroallergens was performed at phases 1 and 2. Reported asthma and eczema did not differ between the two areas, whereas reported hay fever was persistently more prevalent in the UA than in the RA (16.5%, 17.0%, 18.2% vs. 7.0%, 8.3%, 9.6%, respectively). Sensitization was more prevalent in the UA at both phases (19.0% vs. 12.1% in phase 1, 20.0% vs. 14.1% in phase 2). Residential area contributed independently to sensitization to >or=1 aeroallergens (OR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.13-0.66; p = 0.003) and to polysensitization (OR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.10-0.82; p = 0.020) in phase 1. These associations were independent of farming practices. No significant contributions were found in phase 2. Our results suggest that long-term exposure to urban environment is associated with a higher prevalence of hay fever but not of asthma or eczema. The negative association between rural living and the risk of atopy during childhood, which is independent of farming practices, implies that it is mainly driven by an urban living effect. 相似文献
4.
5.
Ioannis Alexiou Anastasios Germenis Athanasios Ziogas Katerina Theodoridou Lazaros I Sakkas 《BMC musculoskeletal disorders》2007,8(1):37
Background
Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies have been of diagnostic value in Northern European Caucasian patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In these populations, anti-CCP antibodies are associated with the HLA-DRB1 shared epitope. We assessed the diagnostic value of anti-CCP antibodies in Greek patients with RA where the HLA shared epitope was reported in a minority of patients. 相似文献6.
George V Dedoussis Demosthenes B Panagiotakos Nikoleta V Vidra Eirini Louizou Christina Chrysohoou Athanasios Germanos Yannis Mantas Savas Tokmakidis Christos Pitsavos Christodoulos Stefanadis 《Genetics in medicine》2005,7(6):411-416
PURPOSE: We investigated the association of a polymorphism within the promoter of TauNuF-alpha locus at the position -308 on the likelihood of having acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in Greek adults. METHODS: We studied demographic, lifestyle, and clinical information in 237 hospitalized patients (185 males) with a first event of an ACS and 237 matched by age and sex (controls) without any clinical evidence of coronary heart disease. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP analysis. RESULTS: The genotype frequencies were in patients, 87% (n = 206), 12% (n = 29), and 1% (n = 2) for G/G, G/A, and A/A, and in controls, 96% (n = 227), 4% (n = 10), and 0% (n = 0) for G/G, G/A, and A/A, respectively (P = 0.04). After adjusting for age and sex, as well as various potential confounders, we observed that G/A or A/A genotypes were associated with 1.94-fold higher odds (95% CI 1.06 to 3.68) of ACS compared to G/G homozygotes. No gene to-gender or to-clinical syndrome interactions were observed. Further subgroup analysis showed that the distribution of TNF-alpha -308G>A polymorphism was associated with the presence of family history of CHD in patients, but not in controls. In particular, in G/A and A/A patients 17.2% reported family history of CHD, whereas in G/G patients, 34.5% reported family history (P = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings may state a hypothesis of an association between the -308G>A TNF-alpha polymorphism the development of ACS and the presence of family history of CHD, in Greece. 相似文献
7.
Sipsas NV Sfikakis PP Kontos A Kordossis T 《Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology》2002,9(3):558-561
CD40 ligand (CD40L or CD154) is a costimulatory molecule expressed mainly on activated CD4(+) T cells. Concentrations of the soluble form of CD40L (sCD40L) in serum were determined for a cohort of 77 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients before and after initiation of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) by a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Circulating sCD40L levels were higher by twofold in untreated patients than in healthy controls (means +/- standard deviations [SD]: 1.41 +/- 1.48 versus 0.69 +/- 0.59 ng/ml; P < 0.001). HIV-1-infected patients classified as CD4 T-cell category 1 had significantly higher sCD40L levels than patients classified as CD4 categories 2 and 3 (mean +/- SD: 2.08 +/- 1.46 ng/ml versus 1.57 +/- 1.58 [category 2] and 0.94 +/- 1.25 ng/ml [category 3]; P = 0.046), while no correlation with clinical categories A, B, and C was found. Individual serum sCD40L levels correlated with CD4(+) T-cell counts (P = 0.039) but not with viral load, gamma globulin levels, or acute-inflammatory-response markers. After 8 to 12 months of HAART, a further threefold increase of serum sCD40L levels, which paralleled the increase of CD4(+) T-cell counts, was observed. These novel findings suggest that sCD40L measurement in HIV-1-infected patients could serve as a new surrogate marker useful in the assessment of treatment efficacy, especially in settings where well-equipped laboratories and funding required for CD4(+) T-cell count and viral load measurements are not available. 相似文献
8.
Apoptotic rate in peripheral T-cell lymphomas. A study using a tissue microarray with validation on full tissue sections 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Rassidakis GZ Jones D Thomaides A Sen F Lai R Cabanillas F McDonnell TJ Medeiros LJ 《American journal of clinical pathology》2002,118(3):328-334
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas with a wide spectrum of clinicopathologic features, and apoptosis mechanisms may have a role in lymphomagenesis. We assessed apoptotic rate (AR) in 112 PTCLs using a tissue microarray developed in our laboratory and a modified terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay. The mean AR was 1.47% +/- 1.38% for the entire group of PTCLs (range, 0.06%-5.15%), and AR varied significantly among different tumor types. In mycosis fungoides, the mean AR was 0.74%; angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, 1.02%; PTCL, not otherwise specified, 1.38%; cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), 1.41%; anaplastic lymphoma kinase protein (ALK)-negative ALCL, 1.43%; extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma of nasal type, 2.04%; ALK-positive ALCL, 2.95%; and enteropathy-type T-cell lymphoma, 3.06%. Mean AR was higher in PTCL with large cell vs small/medium cell morphologic features (1.66% +/- 1.1% vs 0.99% +/- 1.0%). In a subset of 33 PTCLs, the tissue microarray results comparedfavorably with those obtained in full tissue sections. We conclude that the highest ARs in PTCLs are found in enteropathy-type T-cell lymphoma and ALK-positive ALCL, and that AR can be assessed reliably by using a tissue microarray. 相似文献
9.
Willinger B Kopetzky G Harm F Apfalter P Makristathis A Berer A Bankier A Winkler S 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2004,42(1):478-480
Disseminated infection with the coelomycetous fungus Nattrassia mangiferae is a very rare disease affecting only the immunocompromised host. We report the first case of a disseminated infection with spondylodiscitis and granular skin lesions due to N. mangiferae in a renal transplant patient. 相似文献
10.
Detection and identification of fungi from fungus balls of the maxillary sinus by molecular techniques
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of clinical microbiology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Willinger B Obradovic A Selitsch B Beck-Mannagetta J Buzina W Braun H Apfalter P Hirschl AM Makristathis A Rotter M 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2003,41(2):581-585
The aim of this study was to find a reliable method for the detection and identification of fungi in fungus balls of the maxillary sinus and to evaluate the spectrum of fungi in these samples. One hundred twelve samples were obtained from patients with histologically proven fungal infections; 81 samples were paraffin-embedded tissue sections of the maxillary sinus. In 31 cases, sinus contents without paraffin embedding were sent for investigation. PCR amplification with universal fungal primers for 28S ribosomal DNA and amplicon identification by hybridization with species-specific probes for Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus glaucus, Pseudallescheria boydii, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata were performed for all samples. Furthermore, PCR products were sequenced. Fresh samples were also cultivated. Fungal DNA was detected in all of the fresh samples but only in 71 paraffin-embedded tissue samples (87.7%). Sequence analysis was the most sensitive technique, as results could be obtained for 28 (90.3%) fresh samples by this method in comparison to 24 (77.4%) samples by hybridization and 16 (51.6%) samples by culture. However, sequence analysis delivered a result for only 36 (50.7%) of the paraffin-embedded specimens. Hybridization showed reliable results for A. fumigatus, which proved to be the most common agent in fungus balls of the maxillary sinus. Other Aspergillus species and other genera were rarely found. 相似文献