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Rubens Souza de OLIVEIRA Lanna Jamile Corrêa da COSTA Fernanda Atanaena Gon?alves de ANDRADE Wilson UIEDA Luzia Fátima Alves MARTORELLI Ana Paula de Arruda Geraldes KATAOKA Elizabeth Salbé Travassos da ROSA Pedro Fernando da Costa VASCONCELOS Armando de Souza PEREIRA Ant?nio Ismael Barros do CARMO Marcus Emanuel Barroncas FERNANDES 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2015,57(6):497-503
The outbreaks of rabies in humans transmitted by Desmodus rotundus in 2004 and 2005,
in the northeast of the Brazilian State of Para, eastern Amazon basin, made this a
priority area for studies on this zoonosis. Given this, the present study provides
data on this phenomenon in an urban context, in order to assess the possible
circulation of the classic rabies virus (RABV) among bat species in Capanema, a town
in the Amazon basin. Bats were collected, in 2011, with mist nets during the wet and
dry seasons. Samples of brain tissue and blood were collected for virological and
serological survey, respectively. None of the 153 brain tissue samples analyzed
tested positive for RABV infection, but 50.34% (95% CI: 45.67-55.01%) of the serum
samples analyzed were seropositive. Artibeus planirostris was the most common
species, with a high percentage of seropositive individuals (52.46%, 95% CI: 52.31
52.60%). Statistically, equal proportions of seropositive results were obtained in
the rainy and dry seasons (c2 = 0.057, d.f. = 1, p = 0.88). Significantly
higher proportions of males (55.96%, 95% CI: 48.96-62.96%) and adults (52.37%, 95%
CI: 47.35-57.39%) were seropositive. While none of the brain tissue samples tested
positive for infection, the high proportion of seropositive specimens indicates that
RABV may be widespread in this urban area. 相似文献
3.
C G Arruda J M Aldrighi L A Bortolotto I N Alecrin J A F Ramires 《Gynecological endocrinology》2006,22(10):557-563
BACKGROUND: Arterial hypertension and postmenopausal reduction of estrogen levels may be involved in modifications of the stiffness of large arteries. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the pulse-wave velocity (PWV) and indirectly the arterial stiffness in hypertensive postmenopausal women submitted to hormone therapy with estradiol alone or combined with norethisterone acetate. SUBJECTS: Forty-five hypertensive postmenopausal women were double-blindly, randomly assigned to three arms of treatment: placebo (group I); estradiol 2 mg/day (group II); or estradiol 2 mg/day and norethisterone acetate 1 mg/day (group III). METHODS: Arterial stiffness was assessed from PWV measurements of the common carotid and femoral arteries (CF-PWV) and the common carotid and radial arteries (CR-PWV) obtained using the automatic Complior(R) device, taken at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: After the 12-week treatment, values of CF-PWV and CR-PWV were not significantly different (p = 0.910 and p = 0.736, respectively) among the groups. Systolic blood pressure showed a positive correlation with CF-PWV in groups II and III (p = 0.02 and p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: PWV and arterial stiffness in postmenopausal hypertensive women did not reduce over a 12-week treatment with estradiol alone compared with the same period of treatment with estradiol combined with norethisterone acetate. 相似文献
4.
In vitro selection of human rhinovirus relatively resistant to soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1. 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Variants of human rhinovirus serotype 39 (HRV-39) relatively resistant to inhibition by soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) were selected by serial passages in HeLa or WI-38 cells in the presence of sICAM-1. Moderate resistance (four- to fivefold increases in 50% effective inhibitory concentrations [EC50s]) was observed after the second passage in HeLa cells and remained constant during six further passages in the presence of 10 micrograms of sICAM-1 per ml. A 7- to 17-fold increase in EC50s was observed in WI-38 cells during passage with 10 micrograms/ml, and reversion to a nonresistant phenotype was not observed after four passages in the absence of sICAM-1. Resistance of a higher degree was obtained by passing HRV-39 in the presence of 100 micrograms of sICAM-1 per ml in HeLa cells (30-fold EC50 increase). The sICAM-1-resistant phenotype was estimated to constitute 1 in 10(4) to 1 in 10(5) PFU of a nonexposed HRV-39 population. Low to moderate levels of resistance to sICAM-1 inhibition emerge readily during in vitro passage in the presence of sICAM-1 and appear to be phenotypically stable. 相似文献
5.
This study focuses on the meaning of comfort from the perspective of immigrant Hispanic cancer patients undergoing treatment at a large Western medical center. Patients (n = 10), in 30 ethnographical interviews conducted in Spanish by a culturally sensitive interviewer identified characteristics, needs, and sources of comfort. The characteristics of comfort were: feeling integrated, functioning and normalcy, care and nurturing, security and safety, control and "comodo." Comfort needs evolved into 6 categories: nurturing, familiar environment, safety, quality of life, normalcy, and "animo." Providers of comfort, as perceived by these Hispanic patients were: self, family, health care providers, and God. The characteristics of comfort most frequently talked about by the Hispanic participants were feeling integrated and nurtured. Integrated, a seemingly complex characteristic of comfort, reflected a sense of inner peace with oneself that went beyond the physical comfort. Function and normalcy were also perceived to be important aspects of comfort. It is important to note that the Hispanic patients on occasion used culturally relevant terms, such as comodo and animo (neither of which are readily translated into English) to convey their impressions of comfort. The study demonstrates that comfort is important in illness and cancer treatment situations, and that for these Hispanic patients it also had influence from their culture. 相似文献
6.
I?Satish?RaoEmail author Anand?C?Loya KS?Ratnakar VR?Srinivasan 《BMC clinical pathology》2005,5(1):11
Background
Lymph node infarction is known to occur in association with many non-neoplastic and neoplastic conditions however its occurrence in association with DIC is not reported hitherto in the literature. 相似文献7.
Emily L Jocoy James E Arruda Kristi M Estes Yasuo Yagi Kerry L Coburn 《International journal of psychophysiology》1998,30(3):301-328
Using an oddball stimulus presentation paradigm, the effects of divided attention on auditory P300s were studied. Auditory attention was either divided or focused, depending on the demands placed on subjects during the performance of a concomitantly presented visual task. Two types of auditory tasks were performed under each of the two auditory attention conditions. In one, subjects responded to infrequently presented high pitched tones (oddball stimuli). In the other they responded to the occasional omission of a stimulus in an otherwise rhythmically presented chain of stimuli. P300s and reaction times were recorded to both the rare tones and the omissions. The Sternberg visual memory task was used to manipulate the subject's auditory attention state. Subjects actively performed the Sternberg task during the divided auditory attention condition, whereas during the focused attention condition they were not required to respond to the visual stimuli. During focused auditory attention, evoked auditory P300s were both larger and faster than their emitted counterparts. During divided attention, auditory P300s were reduced in amplitude but latency was unaffected. Evoked auditory P300s showed evidence of containing P300a as well as P300b components, particularly when attention was shared with the visual task. 相似文献
8.
Lobo Gatti L Agostinho Jn F De Lábio R Balbo Piason F Carlos Da Silva L Fagundez De Queiroz V Peres CA Barbieri D De Arruda Cardoso Smith M Marques Payão SL 《Clinical and experimental medicine》2003,3(3):166-172
Helicobacter pylori has been shown to be strongly associated with chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulceration, and is a risk factor for gastric carcinoma. Histology, urease, culture, and polymerase chain reaction have been employed as for H. pylori diagnostic methods, pre and post treatment or during follow-up of dyspeptic adult individuals referred for endoscopy. In order to obtain a more-sensitive and specific method for H. pylori detection, we evaluated gastric body and antrum biopsies of 134 consecutive Brazilian consecutive dyspeptic children aged 1-16 years by rapid urease test, histology and polymerase chain reaction using two pairs of oligonucleotides. Our results indicated that polymerase chain reaction with Southern blotting and hybridization with specific chemiluminescent probes increased the number of positive H. pylori patients by 35%. The genotyping of H. pylori strains directly from gastric biopsy using the same nucleic acid methodology revealed that there is no association of chronic gastritis in our infant patients with vacA s1 and the presence of the cagA gene. These data suggest an initial infection of children with normal mucosa and probably others factors than vacA s1 genotype or the presence of the cagA gene are associated with the onset of gastric disease. Altogether, our results reinforce the need for using more sensitive diagnostic methods in order to understand the role of H. pylori in the genesis of gastric disease in children and its progression in adults. 相似文献
9.
DNA vaccine encoding human immunodeficiency virus-1 Gag, targeted to the major histocompatibility complex II compartment by lysosomal-associated membrane protein, elicits enhanced long-term memory response 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Antigen presentation by major histocompatibility complex type II (MHC II) molecules and activation of CD4+ helper T cells are critical for the generation of immunological memory. We previously described a DNA vaccine encoding human immunodeficiency virus-1 p55Gag as a chimera with the lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP/gag). The LAMP/gag chimera protein traffics to the MHC II compartment of transfected cells and elicits enhanced immune responses as compared to a DNA vaccine encoding native gag not targeted to the MHC II compartment. We have now investigated the long-term responses of immunized mice and show that the LAMP/gag DNA vaccine promotes long-lasting B cell- and CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell memory responses induced by DNA encoding non-targeted Gag decay rapidly and elicit very low or undetectable levels of gag DNA is sufficient to generate T-cell memory. Following this initial priming immunization with LAMP/gag DNA, booster immunizations with native gag DNA or the LAMP/gag chimera are equally efficient in eliciting B- and T-cell secondary responses, results in accordance with observations that secondary expansion of CD8+ cells in the boost phase does not require additional CD4+ help. These findings underscore the significance of targeting DNA-encoded vaccine antigens to the MHC II processing compartments for induction of long-term immunological memory. 相似文献
10.
Recombinant allergens for diagnosis and therapy of allergic disease 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Chapman MD Smith AM Vailes LD Arruda LK Dhanaraj V Pomés A 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》2000,106(3):409-418
Many of the problems associated with using natural allergenic products for allergy diagnosis and treatment can be overcome with use of genetically engineered recombinant allergens. Over the past 10 years, the most important allergens from mites, pollens, animal dander, insects, and foods have been cloned, sequenced, and expressed. In many cases the three-dimensional allergen structure has been determined and B-cell and T-cell epitopes have been mapped. These studies show that allergens have diverse biologic functions (they may be enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, lipocalins, or structural proteins) and that as a rule the allergen function is unrelated to its ability to cause IgE antibody responses. High-level expression systems have been developed to produce recombinant allergens in bacteria, yeast, or insect cells. Recombinant allergens show comparable IgE antibody binding to their natural counterparts (where available) and show excellent reactivity on skin testing and in in vitro diagnostic tests. Cocktails of recombinant allergens can be formulated with predetermined and uniform allergen levels, which could replace natural allergens and result in the development of innovative, patient-based tests for allergy diagnosis. Recombinant allergens also offer the exciting possibility of developing new forms of allergen immunotherapy, including the use of hypoallergens, allergens coupled to IgE suppressive adjuvants, and peptide-based therapies. The production of recombinant allergens as defined molecular entities makes it feasible to consider the possibility of developing prophylactic allergen vaccines. The introduction of recombinant allergens in research and in clinical trials should lead to significant improvements in allergy diagnosis and treatment. 相似文献