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1.
The adrenal cortex gives rise to a biologically heterogenous group of neoplasms, each with a distinct morphology, antigen expression and molecular profile. Adrenal cortical adenomas have excellent prognosis and are usually cured by surgical resection alone, while adrenal cortical carcinomas are very aggressive tumors with a poor prognosis regardless of therapy. These tumors are rare and often challenging for a pathologist to diagnose, as significant overlap exists between benign and malignant lesions in some cases. In this review, we attempt to summarize most important histologic and clinical features of adrenal cortical adenomas and carcinomas, clarify the use of different grading systems, the use of special stains and the differential diagnosis for practicing pathologists. Most relevant hereditary syndromes associated with adrenal cortical tumors are listed. Updates in molecular alterations in adrenal cortical neoplasms and hyperplastic diseases as well as their clinical significance and potential therapeutic implications are also discussed. 相似文献
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Anton A. Semenistyy Elena A. Litvina EA Anna G. Fedotova Chukwuweike Gwam Andrey N. Mironov 《Injury》2019,50(2):515-520
Background
Intramedullary nailing is considered a “gold standard” for treatment of tibial shaft fractures. However, some types of fractures are typically considered as “difficult for nailing”. This group includes the periarticular fractures, fractures of both bones at the same level, comminuted and segmental fractures of the tibia. Fixator-assisted nailing (FAN) is an effective method treatment of these types of fractures. The main requirements for the ideal reduction device are an ease of its installation and an ability of multiplanar fracture reduction. Fixator-assisted nailing (FAN) with the use of two perpendicular to each other monolateral tubular frames perfectly meets these requirements. In this study we present this new surgical technique and the analysis of first 30 cases.Methods
A prospective analysis was conducted for 30 patients with “difficult for nailing” tibial fractures treated with fixator-assisted nailing in our institution between September 1st, 2017, and March 1st, 2018. The duration of surgery and its different stages, the time of fluoroscopy, difficulties encountered during surgery, were analyzed. Clinical and radiological methods were used to evaluated reduction quality.Results
In all 30 cases the acceptable reduction was achieved. The mean duration of the surgical procedure was 73.7?±?3?min. The mean duration of fluoroscopy 85.9?±?4.8?s. In 7 cases we faced with technical difficulties, which were successfully addressed.Conclusion
The described technique of FAN is an effective method for the treatment of “difficult for nailing” tibial fractures. Future multi-centered studies with a larger number of patients are needed to validate our results. 相似文献4.
The use of additional epidural sympathetic block during and after microvascular surgery in the lower extremities to prevent vasospasm is generally agreed on. However, a significant fall in the perfusion rate of the transplants was seen after application of bupivacaine (Marcain) via the epidural catheter. This effect has, to our knowledge, not been described before and is probably caused by the sympathectomy effect of this type of analgesia. 相似文献
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Iu A Popova L B Buravkova B N Pavlov 《Aviakosmicheskaia i ekologicheskaia meditsina》2005,39(5):31-36
Several metabolic and hormonal parameters were evaluated in blood of two human subjects during simulation of an extended saturation dive. Increases in creatine kinase and an upward trend in cholesterol and glucose were observed after decompression. The levels of TTH and thyroxin went up in both subjects during exposure. The significant changes in cortisol, ACTH, insulin and C-peptide were a fingerprint of stress-reaction. After eight days of recovery most of the parameters returned to baseline values. The investigation suggests that the recompression treatment table did not cause pathological changes in the biochemical and hormonal parameters of humans. 相似文献
7.
Cancer chemotherapy with the application of several drugs is studied. The negative and inhibiting effect of the tumour on normal cells is taken into account. Under certain hypotheses, we determine the optimal regimen that minimizes the tumour burden at the end of a fixed period of therapy while maintaining several normal cell populations above prescribed levels. More precisely, it is demonstrated that the optimal drug administration corresponds to the strategy of intensive chemotherapy. 相似文献
8.
O N Pavlov 《Experimental & clinical gastroenterology》2006,(2):27-30, 126
There was a study of 422 in-patient subjects of the therapeutic profile. Endoscopy enabled to discover mucous coat erosions of the antral part of the stomach associated with Helicobacter pylori and absence of ulcer in the anamnesis in 8.7% of them (more frequently in women). As many as 81% of such patients belonged to patients with the ischemic heart disease. Erosive gastropathy is accompanied by the activity of the chronic inflammation response in the duodenum mucous coat that is most evident in IHD patients. 相似文献
9.
O. V. Pavlov S. A. Sel'kov A. V. Selyutin M. S. Shamugiya 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1998,125(5):514-517
Cells were isolated by successive dissociation of human placenta in dispase and collagenase solutions and separated by centrifugation
in Ficoll-Verografin gradient. Cell suspension was enriched with macrophages by adhesion to plastic followed by washing with
RPMI-1640. Isolated placental macrophages can be cultured for a long time. Cell culture homogeniety assessed by various methods
was equal or exceeded 95%.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 5, pp. 579–582, May, 1998 相似文献
10.
Ketoconazole Impairs Early Pregnancy and the Decidual Cell Response via Alterations in Ovarian Function 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ketoconazole (KCZ) is an imidazole antifungal agent that alsoaffects P450 enzymes of the mammalian steroidogenic system.Several steps in the ovarian steroidogenesis pathway are knownto be inhibited by KCZ, but previous work has failed to addressthe ramifications of such inhibition with respect to early pregnancy.In initial studies, Holtzman rats (810/group) were administered10100 mg/kg KCZ during days 18 of pregnancy. Onday 9, evaluations revealed a reduction at both 75 and 100 mgKCZ/kg in the number of implantation sites and serum progesteronelevels as well as an increase in ovarian weight The decidualcell response (DCR) was blocked by KCZ in parallel with decreasedserum progesterone and increased ovarian weight, indicatingdirect interference with uterine function. KCZ had no effectwhen given to long-term-ovariectomized rats that were hormonesupplemented to permit the DCR, indicating that the ovary wasat least one site of KCZ action on early pregnancy. Measurementof ovarian progesterone production in vitro from ovaries removedfrom rats treated in vivo with KCZ indicated a decline in progesteroneproduction, suggesting a direct effect of KCZ on ovarian steroidogenesis.These data demonstrate that KCZ can compromise early pregnancyand appears to do so by inhibiting progesterone synthesis inthe ovary. 相似文献