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Subashini Onichandran Thulasi Kumar Yvonne A. L. Lim Nongyao Sawangjaroen Hemah Andiappan Cristina C. Salibay Tan Tian Chye Init Ithoi Julieta Z. Dungca Wan Y. W. Sulaiman Lau Yee Ling Veeranoot Nissapatorn 《Parasitology research》2013,112(12):4185-4191
The objective of this study was to assess the physico-chemical parameters and waterborne parasites in selected recreational lakes from Malaysia. Samples were collected from seven stations of Recreational Lake A (RL-A) and six stations of Recreational Lake B (RL-B). The samples were processed to detect the presence of Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. using immunomagnetic separation kit, helminth eggs or ova by bright field microscopy and Acanthamoeba spp. by cultivation in non-nutrient agar. Chemical parameters such as ammonia, chlorine, fluoride, nitrate and nitrite and physical parameters such as dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, pH, salinity, temperature and total dissolved solid were also measured. Both lakes were freshwater with salinity ranging from 0.05 to 0.09 ppt. Most stations of these lakes were contaminated with Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia spp., Ascaris spp. and hookworm. Schistosoma spp. was found in RL-B only, while Acanthamoeba spp. was found in all stations. Of all sampling sites, station 5 of RL-B is the most contaminated. Linear regression and correlation analysis revealed that Giardia spp. and Schistosoma spp. showed a significant negative correlation with turbidity (p?<?0.01). Based on the preliminary data obtained, it is clearly shown that there is a necessity to implement the detection of waterborne parasites and physico-chemical analysis in Malaysia. Future work on heavy metals (chromium, copper, mercury and zinc) is recommended to enhance the overall water quality monitoring and to take appropriate safety measures to ensure maintenance of good water standards. 相似文献
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Andiappan Rathinavel Perundurai S Dhandapany Ponnambalam Annapoorani Subbiah Ramasamy Govindan Sadasivam Selvam 《European journal of cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation》2005,12(6):601-603
BACKGROUND: Earlier we showed cardiac isoform of alpha-2 macroglobulin (CA2M) to be an early marker of cardiac hypertrophy. DESIGN: In this study, we tried to explore the possibility of using this protein as a marker for diagnosis of cardiac diseases. METHODS: A total of 593 samples were analyzed for the presence of CA2M using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Samples include various cardiac diseases (230), non-cardiac ailments (263) and controls (100). CONCLUSION: Levels of CA2M in cardiac diseases were significantly higher than other sample groups but moderately elevated in leprosy. This protein could be considered for diagnosis of cardiac diseases as a serum marker. 相似文献
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Oligomeric proanthocyanidins protect myocardium by mitigating left ventricular remodeling in isoproterenol‐induced postmyocardial infarction
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Ashokkumar Rathinavel Jamuna Sankar Sakeena Sadullah Mohammed Sadullah Sivasithamparam Niranjali Devaraj 《Fundamental & clinical pharmacology》2018,32(1):51-59
Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is a major pathophysiological process during post‐myocardial infarction (MI). The activation, differentiation, and proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts regulate the expression of ECM proteins. The signaling by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP‐4), an extracellular ligand of the TGF‐β family, has recently been identified as an essential pathway in regulating cardiovascular dysfunctions including myocardial fibrosis. Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) are well known for their cardioprotective activity. The primary aim of the study was to investigate BMP‐4‐mediated ECM turnover in cardiac fibrosis during isoproterenol‐induced post‐MI and its downregulation by OPC. Myocardial injury was evaluated by assaying serum markers LDH and CK. Oxidative stress and the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant levels were assessed to support the cardioprotective nature of OPC. The total collagen level was analyzed by measuring hydroxyproline levels. The ISO‐induced group showed a significant decrease in the levels of antioxidants due to severe oxidative stress and increased expression of BMP‐4 which reflects the increased expression of MMP 2 and 9 with a concomitant increase and deposition of fibrillary collagens type I and III responsible for the fibrotic scar formation as evidenced in the histological analysis.BMP‐4 activation, thus, is strongly associated with cardiac fibrosis which was downregulated upon OPC supplementation. This study provides an evidence supporting the antifibrotic effect of OPC via regulation of BMP‐4‐mediated ECM turnover and also substantiates the remarkable antioxidant efficacy of OPC against isoproterenol induced severe oxidative stress and subsequent post‐MI cardiac fibrosis. 相似文献
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Tak LM Cleare AJ Ormel J Manoharan A Kok IC Wessely S Rosmalen JG 《Biological psychology》2011,87(2):183-194
Dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is the most investigated biological risk marker in functional somatic disorders (FSDs), such as chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), fibromyalgia (FM), and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Our aim was to assess whether there is an association between basal hypocortisolism and FSD and to identify potential moderators of this association. Meta-analysis on 85 studies revealed that although basal cortisol levels were generally lower in FSD subjects compared to controls, this association did not reach statistical significance (SMD −0.07, 95% CI −0.17 to 0.04, p = 0.241). However, when the three FSD were assessed separately, statistically significant basal hypocortisolism was observed in CFS subjects compared to controls (SMD −0.14, 95% CI −0.28 to 0.00, p = 0.047), but not in FM or IBS. When all potential moderators were entered into a meta-regression analysis, only type of FSD and female gender were significant independent predictors of basal hypocortisolism. In conclusion, we did not find evidence to consider all three main FSD as hypocortisolemic disorders, as significant reduction in basal cortisol compared to healthy controls was only found in CFS and in females with FM, but not in IBS. 相似文献
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A national follow‐up survey of UK graduates opinion of undergraduate oral surgery teaching
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