改良式剖宫产术50例临床分析

探讨改良式剖宫产术的临床价值。方法：采用香港周杰医师１９９１年创立的一套改式剖宫产术对５０例产妇进行手术并与同期腹部横切口传统剖宫产术进行比较。结果：改良式剖宫产术所用时间短,术中出血小,术后排气暗暗科痛轻、产褥病发生率低。住院时间短,与对照组比较有明显差异。     

Human papillomavirus subtype 16 is common in Pakistani women with cervical carcinoma.

INTRODUCTION: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as a major causative agent for cervical carcinomas. Based on their oncogenic potential, HPV subtypes have been divided into high- and low-risk. In Pakistan, screening for HPV in female patients is not commonly practiced, and as a consequence, the degree of HPV prevalence and its correlation with cervical cancer is unknown. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we have attempted to estimate the prevalence of HPV infection, and also the HPV subtype profile, among Pakistani women with cervical cancer from varied geographical, racial, and social backgrounds within Pakistan. METHODOLOGY: Women visiting two tertiary care hospitals in Karachi, diagnosed with carcinoma of the cervix within the past 15 years, were analyzed for HPV subtypes in their cancer specimens. Retrospectively, 60 paraffin-embedded cervical cancer biopsies were examined for the presence of HPV DNA. After DNA extraction from these samples, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the HPV L1 gene using the consensus (general) primers, and primers specific for subtypes 16 and 18. RESULTS: Of the 60 samples analyzed, only one sample was HPV negative; the rest of the samples were positive for the presence of HPV. Of the 59 HPV positive samples, 56 showed the presence of HPV16 and one sample was positive for HPV18; HPV subtype could not be determined in two samples. CONCLUSION: Our results show a strong relationship between HPV infection and cervical cancer among Pakistani women. These results underscore the need to implement regular HPV screening for Pakistani women. An early diagnosis of HPV infection will allow better health management to reduce the risk of developing cervical cancer.     

Molecularly imprinted ‘traps’ for sulfonylureas prepared using polymerisable ion pairs

A novel approach towards recognition of sulfonylureas based on a polymerisable ion pair is presented. A solution association constant >10⁵ M⁻¹ between the model target glibenclamide and 4-vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium methacrylate is measured, and the formation of 1 : 1 complexes verified. Subsequently prepared stoichiometrically imprinted polymers exhibit exceptionally high affinity and binding capacity for glibenclamide, owing to synergistic binding of both the neutral and deprotonated form of the drug by the ion pair monomer. The polymers are applied to the selective extraction of glibenclamide from blood serum samples, achieving recoveries of up to 98% and demonstrating excellent long-term stability, negating the need for regular sorbent regeneration.

Polymerisable ion pair captures both neutral and anionic form of acidic sulfonylurea drug in stoichiometrically imprinted polymer.     

Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a rural health centre in South India

International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries - There is a huge burden of diabetes-related complications, both microvascular and macrovascular, in India. With the rising prevalence of...     

肺腺癌患者差异甲基化区域分析

目的探讨DNA甲基化在肺腺癌发生中的作用机制。方法收集2019年1月至12月新疆肿瘤医院确诊的肺腺癌和正常对照者外周血各4例,850K芯片甲基化检测平台检测肺腺癌组与正常对照组甲基化区域,Bump hunter寻找两组差异区域。Gene Ontology数据库和KOBAS软件对差异区域对应目的基因进行GO分析和KEEG分析。结果1.共筛选出DMR-1、DMR-2、DMR-3、DMR-4、DMR-6(以上位于chr6),DMR-5(位于chr11)和DMR-7(位于chr20)(P<0.05)七组差异甲基化区域。DMR-1目的基因为HLA-DPB1、HLA-DPA1,DMR-2的为POU5F1,DMR-3的为RP5-1186N24.3、SCAND3,DMR-4的为ZFP57,DMR-5的为LDHC,DMR-6的为LTA,DMR-7的为OXT。其中HLA-DPB1、HLA-DPA1等为高甲基化,SCANDS3和LTA为低甲基化。2.GO分析表明目的基因主要在干扰素-γ、MHC-Ⅱ类复合物等功能中发挥重要作用。KEGG分析显示目的基因甲基化主要在Ⅰ型糖尿病、NF-κB信号通路中高度富集。结论1.肺腺癌患者DNA甲基化的状态可能是引起肺腺癌发生的关键因素,尤其是HLA-DP,POU5F1及LDHC的甲基化状态,在肺腺癌的发生中起着重要的作用。2.在GO功能和KEGG通路中,阐明了DNA甲基化异常导致疾病发展的作用机制。     

Low,fixed dose defibrotide in management of hepatic veno-occlusive disease post stem cell transplantation

Objective/background

Hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD) is well recognized potentially serious regimen-related toxicity seen after stem cell transplantation. Severe VOD is associated with poor long-term outcomes with very high mortality. Besides supportive care, only defibrotide has been found to be effective in the management of VOD. The recommended dose of defibrotide is 25 mg/kg/d but there has been no classical dose finding study done for this drug. A higher dose of defibrotide is associated with increased risk of bleeding and this drug is prohibitively expensive. We report our experience of using fixed low dose of defibrotide in patients with VOD.

Dissecting the Structure and Mechanism of a Complex Duplication–Triplication Rearrangement in the DMD Gene

Pathogenic complex genomic rearrangements are being increasingly characterized at the nucleotide level, providing unprecedented opportunities to evaluate the complexities of mutational mechanisms. Here, we report the molecular characterization of a complex duplication–triplication rearrangement involving exons 45–60 of the DMD gene. Inverted repeats facilitated this complex rearrangement, which shares common genomic organization with the recently described duplication‐inverted triplication–duplication (DUP–TRP/INV‐DUP) events; specifically, a 690‐kb region comprising DMD exons from 45 to 60 was duplicated in tandem, and another 46‐kb segment containing exon 51 was inserted inversely in between them. Taking into consideration (1) the presence of a predicted PRDM9 binding site in the near vicinity of the junction involving two inverted L1 elements and (2) the inherent properties of X–Y chromosome recombination during male meiosis, we proposed an alternative two‐step model for the generation of this X‐linked DMD DUP–TRP/INV‐DUP event.