The effect of naloxone on the preoperative gastric volume and pH

The effect of 4 mg oral naloxone on preoperative gastric volume and pH of gastric aspirate was studied in a double-blind, randomized study. Twenty patients received 10 ml of naloxone (4 mg) mixed with 10 ml of orange juice, and 20 patients received 10 ml of isotonic saline mixed with 10 ml of orange juice, 2 h before surgery. Gastric content was obtained immediately after intubation of the trachea. No significant difference in gastric volume and pH of gastric aspirate was found between the two groups. It is concluded that naloxone does not affect gastric emptying and gastric acid secretion to a degree great enough to protect against aspiration of gastric contents into the lungs.     

Disordered integration of the immune and nervous systems in exposure to adverse environmental factors]

Exposure to adverse environmental factors can result in the impaired relationships between the immune and nervous systems and hence increase autonomic properties of immunocompetent cells. This impairment may underlie some diseases associated with abnormal immunity. To have knowledge on the ways of restoring the integrative connections between the above systems will help maintain human health, augment its potential as a creator of the noosphere.