低强度脉冲式超声对关节软骨的修复

BACKGROUND: Articular cartilage injuries can result from a variety of causes. Conventional therapy cannot obtain the optimal clinical results. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound has been shown to promote the repair of injured articular cartilage. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on the repair of injured articular cartilage. METHODS: Twenty New Zealand white rabbits were used to establish knee arthritis models and equally randomized into study and control groups, respectively. Rabbits in the study group received low-intensity pulsed ultrasound treatment, and sham low-intensity pulsed ultrasound treatment was given in the control group. At 8 weeks after treatment, pathological change and histological scores in articular cartilage tissue collected from both groups were determined. Moreover, the ultrastructure and type II collagen expression of chondrocytes were determined. Matrix metalloproteinase-13 mRNA expression was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 8 weeks after treatment, toluidine blue staining showed a disordered arrangement of cells, decreased number of cartilage cells in each layer and cluster in the control group. Light disordered arrangement of cells, decreased appearance of the superficial layer cells and the cluster phenomenon were observed in the study group. Articular cartilage tissue scores were significantly decreased in the study group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The chondrocytes were small, enlarged intracellular mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum, cytoplasmic swelling, collagen fibrils coarse, well developed Golgi apparatus, and nuclear fragmentation were observed in the control group. In addition, the normal structure of organelles disappeared and cell degeneration was observed in the control group. In the study group, the size of chondrocytes and the Golgi complex and other organelles were normal, and the protein polysaccharide granules were observed in the cytoplasm and membrane. The mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13 in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Type II collagen immunoreactivity in the study group was stronger than that in the control group. No incision infection, suppuration, red swelling appeared in all rabbits. Our results suggest that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound can be used for the treatment of articular cartilage injury by alleviating the degradation of collagen type II and inhibiting the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

组织多普勒与Tei指数在评价妊娠期高血压疾病左心功能中的应用价值

目的 分析组织多普超声与Tei指数在评价妊娠期高血压疾病患者左心功能中的应用.方法 选取2014年6月至2017年1月该院收治的妊娠期高血压疾病184例患者作为研究对象,其中妊娠期高血压组60例,轻度子痫前期组62例,重度子痫前期组62例,另选取体检健康无妊娠期高血压疾病的孕妇50例作为健康对照组.采用组织多普勒超声、脉冲多普勒超声心动图测量左心功能Tei指数,研究两种超声检查技术对Tei指数结果的相关性.结果 妊娠期高血压组与健康对照组组织多普勒超声与脉冲多普勒超声测定Tei指数结果比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两者具有明显相关性(P<0.01);健康对照组与妊娠期高血压组、轻度子痫前期组、重度子痫前期组患者Tei指数比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),妊娠期高血压组患者左室舒张参数E、A峰、E/A间较健康对照组发生明显改变,而左室收缩参数EF值也较对照组发生明显改变(P<0.05).结论 脉冲多普勒、组织多普勒均可作为获取左室功能指标Tei指数的简单、可靠超声检查手段,在评估妊娠期高血压疾病左室功能方面均具有一定的价值.     

胎儿不规则心律的超声观察与预后分析

[摘要] 目的 总结不规则胎儿心律的产前超声表现，并进一步探讨其临床意义及胎儿预后。方法 利用彩色多普勒超声对103例不规则心律的胎儿进行研究，回顾分析其临床表现、诊断方法，结合产后随诊结果进行分析。结果：产后新生儿均存活。产后心律恢复正常的为89例（86.4%）；出生后持续存在心律失常现象的为14例（13.6%）。其中窦性心律不齐6例；偶发室性早搏2例；偶发房早5例（其中伴动脉导管未闭1例），频发房早伴偶发二联律、并有房间隔缺损者1例。结论 大多数不规则胎儿心律的预后良好，多数可自行消失。超声多普勒是检测不规则胎儿心律的主要方法。     

妊娠期高血压病胎儿肾动脉和大脑中动脉阻力指标比值预测胎儿缺氧

目的探讨妊娠期高血压疾病胎儿肾动脉和大脑中动脉阻力指标比值预测胎儿宫内缺氧的价值。方法应用彩色多普勒超声检测65例正常妊娠和46例妊娠期高血压疾病胎儿肾动脉（RA）、大脑中动脉（MCA）阻力指数（RI）、搏动指数（PI）及S／D值，计算RA与MCA各指标比值。结果妊娠期高血压疾病组胎儿RA阻力指标均明显高于正常对照组（P〈0．01），MCA阻力指标均低于正常对照组（P〈0．05），RA和MCA阻力指标比值高于正常组（P〈0．01）。以（RIRA，MCA、）〉1．11，（PIRA，MCA）〉1．30，（SRA／DRA）／（SMCA／DRA）〉1．44提示胎儿宫内缺氧的敏感性、特异性分别为89％、92％。结论胎儿肾动脉和大脑中动脉阻力指标比值预测胎儿宫内缺氧具有较高的敏感性和特异性。     

彩色多普勒超声对缺血性视乳头病变早期血流动力学的研究

目的:探讨缺血性视乳头病变早期患者眼血流动力学变化。材料和方法:应用彩色多普勒血流成像(CDFI)技术检测40例患者与36例健康志愿者眼动脉、视网膜中央动脉、睫状后动脉收缩峰值速度(PSV)、舒张末期流速(EDV)、阻力指数(RI)及视网膜中央静脉最大流速(Vmax)。结果:与正常组比较,患者组眼动脉PSV无显著差异(P>0．05), EDV减低、RI增高(P<0．05);视网膜中央动脉PSV、EDV减低,RI增加(P<0．05);睫状后动脉PSV、EDV明显减低, RI明显增加(P<0．01);视网膜中央静脉Vmax减低(P<0．05)。结论:CDFI可评估缺血性视乳头病变早期眼血流动力学变化,为临床提供诊断信息。     

调饮食与咳嗽症的关系

笔者用调节饮食的方法使咳嗽减轻,作了实验设计观察和理论说明。现报告如下。1 临床资料和方法1.1 病例选择年龄在1周岁至5周岁的小孩,父母代诉:病孩咳嗽频繁,经服中药无效的。选择1～5周岁的小孩作病例的原因,其一是小儿病因较单纯,对施加的因素反应灵敏,故能较快地观察到结果。其二是较为“客观”。如果凭病人的感觉     

超微血管成像联合剪切波弹性成像在老年女性乳腺癌中的应用价值

目的 探究超微血管成像(SMI)联合剪切波弹性成像(SWE)在老年女性乳腺癌中的应用价值。方法 纳入老年疑似乳腺癌患者110例，根据患者术中病理检查结果分为良性组与恶性组。收集患者年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、乳腺肿块部位、肿块是否触痛、肿块持续存在时间。对比两组术前SMI及SWE检查参数，分析两组SMI分级与SWE各参数的相关性，通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析SMI分级及SWE各参数单独及联合应用对老年女性乳腺癌的预测价值。结果 良性组与恶性组平均年龄、BMI、乳腺肿块部位、乳腺肿块持续时间及乳腺肿块疼痛情况差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。恶性组SMI分级与良性组各级分布例数差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。恶性组最大弹性值(Emax)、平均弹性值(Emean)及最小弹性值(Emin)均显著高于良性组(P<0.05)。良性组SMI分级与Emax、Emin及Emean无相关性(P>0.05),恶性组SMI分级与Emax、Emin及Emean均呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。SMI联合SEW各项参数的预测价值最高。结论 SMI联合SWE对于早期预测老年...     

超声弹性成像技术联合炎症因子在非特异性慢性腰痛诊断中的应用

目的 探讨超声弹性成像技术联合炎症因子白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、干扰素(INF)-γ在非特异性慢性腰痛中的诊断价值。方法 纳入118例非特异性慢性腰痛患者为病例组，纳入112例正常健康志愿者为对照组。对非特异性慢性腰痛患者进行超声弹性成像检查获取杨氏模量值，同时进行疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、日本骨科协会(JOA)评分评估，采用流式荧光发光法检测血清IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、INF-γ水平；采用Pearson相关性分析检验非特异性慢性腰痛患者两侧杨氏模量值、炎症因子与VAS、JOA评分的相关性；采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析两侧杨氏模量值、炎症因子水平对非特异性慢性腰痛的诊断价值。结果 病例组左右两侧杨氏模量值、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、INF-γ水平高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。非特异性慢性腰痛患者两侧杨氏模量值、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、INF-γ与VAS呈正相关，与JOA评分呈负相关(P<0.05)。左侧杨氏模量值、右侧杨氏模量值、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、INF-γ水平单独及...