南极心理学研究的现状与展望

在过去30多年内,南极条约的许多成员国,诸如美国、澳大利亚、新西兰、法国、英国等国,已作了许多有关南极工作人员的人体生物,医学和心理学的研究,涉及问题广泛。仅与心理学有关的就包括:体温节律,温度应激,睡眠和昼夜节律。适应心理学方面的研究包括对被试者完成指定的操作的评价,心理调整及其在人员选拔中的应用,压抑和焦虑等心理紊乱因素,动机,态度和人格改变;认知操作,领导和越冬人员间的人际关系以及其它各种心     

ROLE OF f3-RECEPTOR IN THE RADIX ANGELICAE SINENSIS ATTENUATED HYPOXIC PULMONARY HYPERTENSJON IN RATS

Acute pulmonary hypertension was caused by inhalation of 5% 02 in rats. Pulmonary vascujar re- sistance (PVR) increased, but heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO) and carotid arterial pressure (CAP) were not obviously changed. After an intravenous admini- stration of Radix Angelicae sinensis, the acute pulmonary hypertension induced by inhalation of 5% O2 could be attenuated, but this effect disappeared if propranolol was given before Radix Angelicae sinensis. In chronic experiments, the same results were obtained, but the protective effect of Radix Angelicae sinensis on heart function was not influenced by propranolol. It is suggested that Radix Angelicae sinensis rmght play a role by stimulating the βz-receptor in the prevention of acute and chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. However, prevention of hypertrophy of the right ventricle and enhancement of heart function in chronic hypoxic rats might not be attributed to the β1 receptor in the heart.     

Genetic polymorphism of UL144 open reading frame of human cytomegalovirus DNA detected in colon samples from infants with Hirschsprung''''s disease

AIM:To explore the genetic diversities of UL144 open reading frame (ORF) of cytomegalovirus DNA detected in colon tissue from infants with Hirschsprung's disease (HD) by sequencing UL144 DNA in 23 aganglionic colon tissue and 4 urine samples from 25 HD infants. METHODS:Nest PCR was performed for amplification of the UL144 gene. The UL144 gene was analyzed with softwares,such as DNAclub,BioEdit,PROSITE database,and DNAstar. RESULTS:The strains from HD patients were distributed among three genotypes of UL144:group 1A (64%),group 2 (24%),and group 3 (12%). The UL144 genotypes between strains from HD and control group were compared by chi square test (χ2 = 1.870,P = 0.393). Strains from the colon were sporadically distributed in UL144 genotypes. CONCLUSION:There are genetic diversities of UL144 ORF in colon tissue of infants with HD. However,cytomegalovirus UL144 genotypes are not associated with clinical manifestations of HD.     

Structures of Flavamine and Flavadine from Aconitum flavum

Two new diterpenoid alkaloids, flavamine ( 1) and flavadine ( 2), were isolated from the roots of ACONITUM FLAVUM Hand-Mazz. The structures were established on the bases of spectral analyses and chemical correlations with napelline ( 3) and lucidusculine ( 4), respectively.     

Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Neokadsuranic Acid A, the First Triterpenoid with the 14 (13-->12) abeo Lanostane Skeleton, and (24Z)-3-Oxo-lanosta-8,24-dien-26-oic Acid1

Neokadsuranic acid A, which is the first triterpenoid with the 14(13-->12) ABEO lanostane skeleton, was isolated from KADSURA HETEROCLITA together with (24 Z)-3-oxo-lanosta-8,24-dien-26-oic acid. The present paper deals with the isolation and structure elucidation of these two new compounds.     

Collagen-coated polylactide microspheres as chondrocyte microcarriers

Polylactide (PLA) microspheres were coated with collagen for cell culture and injectable cell carriers. Utilizing a method of emulsion-solvent evaporation, PLA microspheres with diameter ranging from 180 to 280 microm were prepared, followed with aminolysis in hexanediamine/n-propanol solution to introduce free amino groups on their surfaces. After the amino groups were transferred into aldehyde groups by a treatment of glutaraldehyde, collagen type I was covalently coupled via Schiff base formation between the aldehyde groups and the amino groups on collagen molecules. Meanwhile, physically entangled collagen molecules were retained following a grafting-coating protocol to yield microspheres coated with larger amount of collagen. Aminolysis resulted in weight loss of the microspheres following a linear relationship with the aminolysis time. The NH2 and collagen contents existed on the microsphere surface were quantitatively determined by ninhydrin and hydroproline (Hyp) analyses, respectively. Larger amount of collagen was immobilized on the microspheres with higher content of NH2. In vitro chondrocyte culture revealed that the cells could attach, proliferate and spread on these PLA microspheres, in particular on the ones having higher content of collagen. These results show that the collagen-coated PLA microspheres are promising candidate as cell microcarriers.     

抗hER合成肽单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

用合成的人雌激素受体（ｈＥＲ）抗原决定簇多肽（氨基酸序列从１５１～１６５）与ＫＬＨ的偶联物为抗原，免疫ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠，经鼠－鼠杂交，ＥＬＩＳＡ和免疫细胞化学法筛选，有限稀释克隆化，得到一株分泌抗ｈＥＲ合成肽的杂交瘤细胞株（２Ｂ１２）。用ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定。该纯化抗体１０ｎｇ／ｍｌ仍与抗原反应，其免疫球蛋白为ＩｇＧ２ａ．ｋ。与ＭＣＦ－７乳腺癌细胞溶解蛋白的Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ分析，在分子量６７ｋＤ     

Analysis of the HLA-A,-B allele polymorphism in 5844 umbilical cord blood samples taken from Han population of Shandong province

To investigate the HLA-A, -B allele polymorphism in Han population of Shandong province and to explore the possibility to find out the HLA-A, -B-matched cord blood donors for stem cell transplantation to be used in other area in China, 5844 umbilical cord blood samples were taken from Han population donors of Shandong province, and assayed with PCR-sequence-oligonucleotide (PCR-SSO) assay. In Shandong Han donors, 20 alleles at HLA-A locus and 46 alleles at HLA-B locus could be detected as revealed in the present study. Among the 20 alleles at HLA-A locus, the most prevalent five alleles included A * 02(0.3041), A * 11(0.1443), A * 24(0.1434), A * 30(0.0975) and A * 33(0.0859), while, the alleles with lower gene frequencies included A * 34(0.0006), A * 25 (0.0005), A*66(0.0005), A* 74(0.0004) and A* (0.0001). Of the 46 HLA-B alleles detected, the most prevalent five alleles were B * 13(0.1348), B * 51(0.0713), B * 62(0.0712), B * 61 (0.0676) and B * 60(0.0642); while alleles with lower gene frequencies included B * 77(0.0001), B * 76(0.0002), B * 47(0.0003), B * 42(0.0003) and B * 72(0.0004). In comparison with those of the other Han population in China, the HLA-A, -B gene frequencies in the umbilical cord blood of Shandong province possess unique distribution features among the investigated populations from various regions of the same race origin, and the differences in various regions of the same race were less than those among the different race. It is evident that the HLA-A,-B alleles of the umbilical cord blood taken in Shangdong province show high degree of polymorphism, and it might be part of those of Northern Han population in China. So, it is reasonable for patients of Northern Chinese to receive HLA class I -match transplant of cord blood stem cells for tissue and organ transplantation from Shangdong umbilical cord blood bank.     

Mutations of ras protooncogenes and p53 tumor suppressor gene in cardiac hemangiosarcomas from B6C3F1 mice exposed to 1,3-butadiene for 2 years

1,3-Butadiene is a multisite carcinogen in rodents. Incidences of cardiac hemangiosarcomas were significantly increased in male and female B6C3F1 mice that inhaled 1,3-butadiene (BD) for 2 years. Eleven BD-induced cardiac hemangiosarcomas were examined for genetic alterations in ras protooncogenes and in the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Nine of 11 (82%) BD-induced hemangiosarcomas had K-ras mutations and 5 of 11 (46%) had H-ras mutations. All of the K-ras mutations were G-->C transversions (GGC-->CGC) at codon 13; this pattern is consistent with reported results in BD-induced lung neoplasms and lymphomas. Both K-ras codon 13 CGC mutations and H-ras codon 61 CGA mutations were detected in 5 of 9 (56%) hemangiosarcomas. The 11 hemangiosarcomas stained positive for p53 protein by immunohistochemistry and were analyzed for p53 mutations using cycle sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified DNA isolated from paraffin-embedded sections. Mutations in exons 5 to 8 of the p53 gene were identified in 5 of 11 (46%) hemangiosarcomas, and all of these were from the 200- or 625-ppm exposure groups that also had K-ras codon 13 CGC mutations. Our data indicate that K-ras, H-ras, and p53 mutations in these hemangiosarcomas most likely occurred as a result of the genotoxic effects of BD and that these mutations may play a role in the pathogenesis of BD-induced cardiac hemangiosarcomas in the B6C3F1 mouse.