2003年～2009年湖北十堰地区尿培养病原菌分布及耐药性变迁

目的 探讨2003年～2009年近6年间湖北十堰地区泌尿系统感染病原菌的分布及耐药性的变迁情况,以指导临床合理使用抗生素.方法 应用回顾性分析方法,从十堰市太和医院2003～2009年间尿培养阳性患者中随机抽取1/3病例,对其病原菌分布和耐药性变迁进行统计分析.结果 378株病原菌中G-菌检出率大于G＋菌;G-菌检出率显著上升（P＜0.05）,大肠埃希菌仍为泌尿系统感染主要致病菌;G＋菌检出率下降（P＜0.05）.大肠埃希菌对碳青霉烯类抗生素敏感,对头孢类抗菌药物耐药率明显增加（P＜0.05）;G＋对万古霉素和替考拉宁最为敏感,表皮葡萄球菌对氯霉素耐药率显著增加（P＜0.05）,肠球菌属对头孢西丁耐药性明显增加（P＜0.05）.结论 2003～2009年间泌尿系统感染病原菌分布发生变迁,多种常用药物耐药性明显增加,临床医生需结合本地区菌群分布和耐药情况,以细菌学和药物敏感试验结果作为依据合理选用抗菌药物.     

代谢综合征患者剩留血管风险研究进展

<正>代谢综合征(MS)是以糖代谢异常(糖尿病或糖调节受损)、高血压、血脂异常、中心性肥胖等多种主要疾病或危险因素在个体聚集为特征的一组临床症候群[1]。随着生活水平提高和人口老龄化,MS世界范围内的患病率逐年增加。2010年Mottillo的一项荟萃分析显示代谢综合征患者心脑血管疾病发     

Prostate volume growth rate changes over time: Results from men 18 to 92 years old in a longitudinal community-based study

Previous investigations have shown that changes in total prostate volume (TPV) are highly variable among aging men, and a considerable proportion of aging men have a stable or decreasing prostate size. Although there is an abundance of literature describing prostatic enlargement in association with benign prostatic hyperplasia, less is known about the appropriate age cut-off points for TPV growth rate. In this community-based cohort study, TPV was examined once a year in men who had consecutive health checkup, during a follow-up of 4 years. A total of 5058 men (age 18–92 years old) were included. We applied multiple regression analyses to estimate the correlation between TPV growth rate and age. Overall, 3232 (63.9%) men had prostate growth, and 1826 (36.1%) had a stable or decreased TPV during the study period. The TPV growth rate was correlated negatively with baseline TPV (r=–0.32, P<0.001). Among 2620 men with baseline TPV <15 cm³, the TPV growth rate increased with age (β=0.98, 95% CI: 0.77%–1.18%) only up to 53 years old. Among 2188 men with baseline TPV of 15–33.6 cm³, the TPV growth rate increased with age (β=0.84, 95% CI, 0.66%–1.01%) only up to 61 years old after adjusting for factors of hypertension, obesity, baseline TPV, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. In this longitudinal study, the TPV growth rate increased negatively with baseline TPV, only extending to a certain age and not beyond. Further research is needed to identify the mechanism underlying such differences in prostate growth.     

武汉市干部职工体检结果分析及健康管理对策

目的:分析武汉市干部职工体检结果,了解其健康状况和常见疾病,为制定健康干预和防治措施提供依据。方法:收集9583例干部职工健康体检资料,采用顺位及构成比法对15种疾病和体征进行分析。结果:检出率最高的前10位疾病和体征依次为:沙眼、骨质减少、高血压病、高脂血症、前列腺增生、甲状腺结节、幽门螺杆菌阳性、肥胖、肝囊肿和骨质疏松(检出率分别为:31.12%、14.34%、10.98%、9.94%、8.23%、7.63%、5.73%、3.21%、2.99%和2.13%)。人均患病种类为2.79个。按年龄分组后显示沙眼与年龄呈负相关;骨质减少、高血压病和高脂血症均与年龄呈正相关(P<0.01)。主要疾病随年龄和性别的差异而存在分布差异。除甲状腺结节和骨质疏松在女性的检出率高于男性外,其它列入分析的13中疾病均为男性检出率较高(P<0.01)。结论:心血管疾病及代谢性疾病患病率高,定期体检及早发现疾病,加强健康教育和行为干预,是干部职工医疗保健的重点工作。     

老年人群代谢综合征与骨密度的相关性研究

目的探讨老年人群代谢综合征(MS)与骨密度(BMD)的相关性。方法选取老年男性健康体检病例460例,计算体质量指数(BMI),测量血压,检测空腹血糖(FBG)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C),并测定骨密度参数(T值和Z值),分析老年人群代谢危险因素和骨密度的相关性。结果 MS组与非MS组相比,BMI、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、FBG、TG、骨密度T值和Z值均偏高(t=11.708、5.718、5.784、8.104、11.309、2.429、2.135,均P<0.05),HDL-C偏低(t=8.120,P<0.05);骨密度与BMI成正相关(r=0.219,P<0.05),与年龄成负相关(r=-0.219,P<0.05)。结论代谢综合征患者肥胖对骨密度有保护作用。