丹参对自发性高血压大鼠左室肥厚及心肌凋亡的影响

目的观察丹参对自发性高血压大鼠左室肥厚的作用及左室心肌组织细胞凋亡的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法实验用WKY大鼠做阴性对照组,SHR大鼠分为对照组和治疗组。治疗组给予丹参注射液腹腔内注射12周,其余两组分别注射相当容积的蒸馏水。测量大鼠尾动脉收缩压(systolic b lood pressure,SBP)及左心室重量指数(left ventricu larm ass index,LVM I)。应用HE、VG染色、免疫组织化学的方法,结合计算机图像分析技术,检测心肌细胞的直径和面积、心肌组织胶原体积比例(collagen volum e fraction,CVF)、血管周围胶原面积和管腔面积比例(perivasu lar c ircum ferentiall area,PVCA),采用TdT介到的dUTP缺口末端标记技术(TUNEL)检测心肌细胞凋亡。结果与WKY大鼠相比,20周龄SHR大鼠的SBP、LVM I、心肌细胞的直径、面积、CVF、PVCA、心肌凋亡细胞数显著增加,用丹参治疗后,SHR除收缩压外余指标均显著性下降(P<0.05)。结论长期应用丹参治疗可预防和逆转高血压大鼠左室肥厚形成,其机制可能与丹参降低心肌细胞凋亡有关。     

丹参对高血压大鼠心脏醛固酮及心肌蛋白激酶C表达的影响

目的：研究丹参对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)心脏醛固酮及左室心肌蛋白激酶C表达的影响。方法：用WKY大鼠做阴性对照组，SHR大鼠分为对照组和治疗组。治疗组给予丹参注射波腹腔内注射12周，其余两组分别注射相当容积的蒸馏水。测量大鼠动脉收缩压(SBP)及左室重量指数(LVMI)，用放免法测量心脏局部醛固酮含量，应用免疫组织化学方法则量左心室蛋白激酶C(PKC)表达。结果：与WKY大鼠相比较，SHR有较高的血压、LVMI增加、心脏局部醛固酮升高、PKC表达上调(P＜0．01)，而丹参治疗组用丹参治疗后，SHR除收缩压外余指标均显著性下降(P＜0．05)。结论：丹参能降低自发性高血压左室肥厚大鼠心脏醛固酮含量并使左室心肌蛋白激酶C表达减少。     

Effect of salvia miltiorrhiza Bge on left ventricular hypertrophy and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Summary The effects of salvia miltiorrhiza Bge (SMB) on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the left ventricle of spontaneously hypertensive rats and the action mechanism were investigated. Normal Wistar-kyoto (WKY) rats were used as negative control, and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomly assigned to receive placebo or SMB. SMB (1 g/kg·d) was injected intraperitoneally for 12 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were measured. HE, VG and immunohistochemical staining combined with computed morphometry were employed to evaluate the cardiomyocyte size, diameter, the collagen volume fraction (CVF), perivascular circumferential area (PVCA), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in the left ventricular tissue. The results showed, as compared with WKY rats, the SBP, LVMI, cardiomyocyte size, diameter, CVF, PCVA, and TNF-α expression were increased markedly in the 20-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats. SMB decreased LVMI (P<0.01), size of cardiomyocytes (P<0.01), collagen volume fraction (P<0.01), perivascular circumferential area (P<0.01), and TNF-α expression (P<0.01), but had no effect on SBP (P>0.05). It was suggested that chronic administration of SMB could inhibit and reverse the development of LVH in spontaneously hypertensive rats independent of BP. TNF-α may be involved in the reversal mechanism of LVH by SMB. SUN Lianping, male, born in 1966, Associate Professor     

社区居民心肺复苏术普及培训的研究

目的:对朝阳区社区1 000人次社区居民进行2010版社区百姓心肺复苏术培训,探讨心肺复苏术普及培训效果。方法:课题组与社区居委会或者单位联系,组织1 000人次社区居民参加心肺复苏术培训。利用问卷的方法调查社区居民版心肺复苏术掌握情况。课题组医护人员利用多媒体讲课、现场实际操作演示、情景模拟等方法进行心肺复苏术培训。随机抽取25%社区居民参加心肺复苏术考核。结果:社区居民心肺复苏术掌握程度总体处于低水平,培训前后心肺复苏术掌握水平差异显著,有统计学意义。结论:医护人员进社区开展心肺复苏术普及培训,能显著提高社区居民心肺复苏术急救水平。     

长托宁联合突击量氯磷定治疗急性重度有机磷农药中毒疗效观察

目的观察长托宁联合突击量氯磷定治疗急性重度有机磷中毒的作用。方法将72例口服急性急性重度有机磷中毒（AOPP）患者随机分为A、B、C三组,A组给予长托宁联合突击量氯磷定治疗,B组给予阿托品联合突击量氯磷定组治疗,C组给予阿托品联合常规量氯磷定治疗,观察其疗效。结果 A组与其他两组比较,患者意识清醒时间、机械通气时间、乙酰胆碱脂酶（CHE）恢复时间、住院时间均缩短,中间综合征发生率、患者死亡率降低,治愈率提高,差异均具有显著统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论长托宁联合突击量氯磷定是治疗急性重度有机磷中毒非常有效的方法。     

Effect of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bge on Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and the Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

The effects of salvia miltiorrhiza Bge (SMB) on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the left ventricle of spontaneously hypertensive rats and the action mechanism were investigated. Normal Wistar-kyoto (WKY) rats were used as negative control, and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomly assigned to receive pla- cebo or SMB. SMB (1 g/kg·d) was injected intraperitoneally for 12 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were measured. HE, VG and immunohistochemical staining combined with computed morphometry were employed to evaluate the cardiomyocyte size, diameter, the collagen volume fraction (CVF), perivascular circumferential area (PVCA), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in the left ventricular tissue. The results showed, as compared with WKY rats, the SBP, LVMI, cardiomyocyte size, diameter, CVF, PCVA, and TNF-α expression were increased markedly in the 20-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats. SMB decreased LVMI (P<0.01), size of cardiomyocytes (P<0.01), collagen volume fraction (P<0.01), perivascular circum- ferential area (P<0.01), and TNF-α expression (P<0.01), but had no effect on SBP (P>0.05). It was suggested that chronic administration of SMB could inhibit and reverse the development of LVH in spontaneously hypertensive rats independent of BP. TNF-α may be involved in the reversal mecha- nism of LVH by SMB.     

丹参对自发性高血压大鼠左室肥厚及心肌肿瘤坏死因子表达影响

目的　观察丹参对自发性高血压大鼠左室肥厚作用及左室心肌肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF α)的影响 ,并探讨其作用机制。方法　实验用WKY大鼠做阴性对照组 ,SHR大鼠分为对照组和治疗组。治疗组给予丹参注射液腹腔内注射 12周 ,其余两组分别注射相当容积的蒸馏水。测量大鼠尾动脉收缩压 (SBP)及左心室重量指数 (LVMI)。应用HE、VG染色、免疫组织化学的方法 ,结合计算机图像分析技术 ,检测心肌细胞的直径和面积、心肌组织胶原体积比例 (CVF)、血管周围胶原面积和管腔面积比例 (PVCA)以及左心室心肌TNF α表达。结果　与WKY大鼠相比 ,2 0周龄SHR大鼠的SBP、LVMI、心肌细胞的直径、面积、CVF、PVCA显著增加 ,TNF α表达上调 ,用丹参治疗后 ,SHR除收缩压外余指标均显著性下降 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　长期应用丹参治疗可预防和逆转高血压大鼠左室肥厚形成 ,其机制可能与丹参降低心肌TNF α表达有关     

短暂性脑缺血发作对脑梗死患者神经功能的影响

目的　探讨短暂性脑缺血发作 (transientischemicattack ,TIA)对脑梗死患者是否具有脑保护效应。　方法　收集有或无同侧TIAs史的首次脑梗死患者分别 18例和 31例 ,利用酶联免疫分析法测定入院时血清中神经元特异性烯醇化酶 (neuro specificenolase ,NSE)的含量水平 ,并采用改良爱丁堡 斯堪的那维亚卒中量表和半定量的 5级评分法分别对患者入院时及 1月后神经功能状态进行评估。　 结果 　入院时NSE水平和神经功能缺损程度呈明显正相关 (有TIAs史组r =0 72 8,P <0 0 1;无TIAs史组r =0 6 83,P <0 0 1) ,且有TIAs史的脑梗死患者NSE的含量明显低于无TIAs史组 (P <0 0 1) ,有TIAs史组入院时及 1月后神经功能状态与单纯脑梗死组相比差异也均有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。　 结论 　TIA可能对人脑产生缺血耐受作用 ,从而减轻随后严重脑缺血的神经功能缺损程度 ,改善脑梗死的预后。     

血液灌流治疗重度有机磷农药中毒的疗效观察

目的　研究血液灌流 (HP)治疗重度急性有机磷农药中毒 (AOPP)的效果。方法　 6 3例重度AOPP患者随机分成两组 ,治疗组 (n =32 )和对照组 (n =31) ,对照组进行常规内科治疗。治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用HP。结果　治疗组和对照组比较 ,患者昏迷时间、阿托品化时间、血清胆碱酯酶 (CHE)活力恢复时间、住院时间均明显缩短 (P <0 0 5 ) ,阿托品应用总量降低 (P <0 0 5 ) ,治愈率明显提高 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　在常规治疗的同时辅以HP。可提高重度AOPP患者抢救成功率。     

丹参酮ⅡA抑制血管紧张素Ⅱ诱导的大鼠心肌细胞肥大

目的　在原代培养的新生大鼠心肌细胞上 ,观察丹参酮ⅡA(TSN)对血管紧张素Ⅱ (AngⅡ )诱导的心肌细胞肥大的影响。方法　采用3 H -亮氨酸掺入法测定心肌细胞蛋白质合成速率 ,作为心肌细胞肥大的指标 ;用逆转录聚合酶链式反应检测心肌细胞原癌基因c -fosmRNA的表达。结果　TSN能抑制AngⅡ诱导的大鼠心肌细胞蛋白质合成的增加 (P <0 .0 5 )及心肌细胞原癌基因c -fosmRNA表达的增强 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,其效果与AngⅡ受体阻滞剂缬沙坦相似。结论　TSN可以抑制AngⅡ诱导的大鼠心肌细胞肥大 ,这与其抑制了原癌基因c-fos的表达有关。