新疆伊犁五个民族饮酒调查的情况初步分析

我们对新疆伊犁的汉族1684人，维吾尔族1474人，哈萨克族1438人，回族1117人，蒙古族883人等五个民族一共6596人的饮酒状况进行了调查，结果表明，饮酒男性人员4139人，占总人数的62．75％，不能饮酒的人员为2457人，占37，25％，从不同民族上看，蒙古族，哈萨克族和回族的饮酒状况比汉族和维吾尔族较高，从年龄上看，20岁以上到40岁以下的饮酒人员比率较高，从职业来看，农民的饮酒状况明显高于其它职业人员。     

神经生长因子基因转染联合强化铁营养防治豚鼠爆震性聋的实验研究

Objective To study the protective effects of adenovirus-mediated human beta-nerve growth factor gene (hNGFβ) transfer combined with iron fortified nutrition on blast hearing damage in guinea pigs. Methods Deafness was induced by blast (172dB SPL) in 35 healthy guinea pigs. Seven days after noise exposure, 10 guinea pigs were inoculated with adenovirus-mediated hNGFβ (Ad-hNGFβ) into the perilymphatic space (the gene group), another 10 guinea pigs were given hNGFβ combined with iron fortified nutritional diet (the combination group), still another 10 guinea pigs were inoculated with artificial perilymphatic fluid (APF), and 5 guinea pigs served as control, given neither medicine nor noise exposure. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold shifts were monitored in the guinea pigs before blast exposure and after gene transfer. Changes in cochlear morphology were examined with immunohistochemical and HE staining. Results One week after successful inoculation of hNGFβ, it was noted that Ad-hNGFβ protein was expressed in each turn of the cochlea, and its intensity was almost equal. After gene transfer in the combination group and the gene group, ABR threshold shifts at week 1 and 4 were significantly smaller than those of the APF group. HE staining showed that the number of the spiral ganglion cells in the combination group and the Ad-hNGFβ group was significantly higher than that of the control group after 4 weeks (P<0.01). Conclusions Ad-hNGFβ combined with iron fortified nutritional diet was effective in the prevention and treatment of blast hearing damage of cochlear hair cells.     

Adenovirus-mediated human β-nerve growth factor gene transfer has a protective effect on cochlear spiral ganglion after blast exposure

Objective：To study whether adenovirus-mediated human β-nerve growth factor （Ad-hNGFβ） gene has any protective effect on blast hearing impairment. Methods：Deafness was induced by blast exposure （172.0 dB） in 30 healthy guinea pigs. On day 7 of blast exposure, Ad-hNGFβ was infused into the perilymphatic space of 20 animals as the study group （hNGFβ group）, and artificial perilymph fluid （APF） was infused into the perilymphatic space of the other 10 animals as the control group. At weeks 1, 4 and 8 after blast exposure, the animals were sacrificed and the cochleae were removed for immunohistochemical and HE stainings. Results： Expression of Ad-hNGFβ protein was detected in each turn of the cochlea at the 1st week, with almost equal intensity in all turns. At the 4th week, the reactive intensity of the expression of Ad-hNGFβ protein decreased. At the 8th week, no expression was detectable. The results of HE staining showed that the amount of spiral ganglions in hNGFβ group was significantly greater than that of the control group at week 4 （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Ad-hNGFβ can be expressed at a high level and for a relatively long period in the blast impaired cochlea, suggesting that Ad-hNGFβ has a protective effect on cochlear spiral ganglion cells after blast exposure and the efficient gene transfer into cochlea had been achieved without toxicity.     

汉族成人部分外周组织褪黑素受体分布及意义

褪黑素 (melatonin ,Mel)具有广泛的生物学效应 ,但其在生物体内作用的靶器官未完全明确 ,阻碍了对它作用机制的进一步研究。本实验室研究显示人胚胎甲状腺、肾上腺、心血管等组织均存在MR。因而 ,明确外周组织是否存在MR ,对于研究Mel在更为广泛的生物学作用及其机制具有重要意义。目的 :证实汉族成人骨骼肌和皮肤等外周组织存在褪黑素受体 (mela toninreceptor,MR) ,并研究MR亚型及其亚细胞分布。方法 :所有组织均取自健康志愿者。用免疫组织化学和逆转录 -多聚酶链反应 (RT -PCR)产物基因测序等方法证实人骨骼肌组织存在MR及其亚…     

学习障碍儿童主题绘人测验的因素分析

学习障碍儿童主题绘人测验的因素分析静进，海日汗，余淼中山医科大学前言学习障碍（ＬｅａｒｎｉｎｇＤｉｓａｂｉｌｉｔｉｅｓ，ＬＤ）儿童在主题绘人测验中的表现手法有别于正常儿童￣［１］。Ｋｏｐｐｉｔｚ认为，绘人测验能反映儿童对自身和躯体的态度￣［２］。因此...     

人胚胎肾上腺皮质褪黑素受体亚型蛋白的分布

目的：研究褪黑素（Mel)受体亚型在人胚胎肾上腺皮质的分布。方法：应用免疫组化染色检测Ｍel受体亚型的人胚胎肾上腺皮质的分布。结果：在人胚胎肾上腺皮质的球状速、束状带和网状带均存在Ｍel受体mt1(Mella)和ＭＴ２（Ｍellb)亚型蛋白的表达,且主要分布于细胞质。结论：人胚胎肾上腺皮质存在Ｍel受体mt1和ＭＴ２亚型。     

溃结康激活自噬及调节肠道菌群防治溃疡性结肠炎的作用机制研究

目的:探讨溃结康调控自噬及肠道菌群防治溃疡性结肠炎的作用机制。方法:采用葡聚糖硫酸钠(Dextran sulphate sodium, DSS)制备急性溃疡性结肠炎(Ulcerative colitis, UC)小鼠模型,随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、柳氮磺胺吡啶0.45 g/kg组、溃结康3.2、6.4、12.8 g/kg组。除正常对照组外,各组小鼠自由饮用3%DSS水溶液7 d,隔天更换新鲜DSS水溶液。每天观察各组小鼠体质量及疾病活动指数变化,并于第8 d试验结束时,脱颈椎处死各组小鼠收集结肠和粪便;HE染色观察结肠组织病理学改变;电镜检测结肠上皮损伤及自噬体形成数量;RT-qPCR及Western-blot法检测结肠微管相关蛋白轻链(Lc3)、苄氯素1(Beclin1)、自噬蛋白(P62)mRNA及蛋白表达;16S核糖体RNA(16S rRNA)测序技术检测小鼠粪便肠道菌群的变化。结果:与正常对照组比较,模型对照组小鼠体质量显著下降、DAI评分显著升高,结肠长度显著降低,结肠黏膜损伤严重,病理CMDI评分显著升高(P<0.01),视野内未见自噬小体,结肠组织中Lc3、B...     

精河县卫Ⅸ项目妇幼卫生子项目运行效益及问题与对策

精河县实施卫Ⅸ项目妇幼卫生子项目,以改善基本妇幼卫生服务的公平性和可及性,提高妇女、儿童利用基本妇幼保健的能力,加强对妇女、儿童健康管理,预防和减少疾病危险的发生,满足基层农牧区贫困及弱势人群的基本卫生需求.该项目主要有五个活动领域:提高基础妇幼卫生服务质量;促进家庭、社区的参与和健康教育;加强妇幼卫生管理;加强卫生医务人员的培训;提高妇幼卫生服务的可及性,对贫困人群实施医疗救助.     

精河县卫Ⅸ项目妇幼卫生子项目运行效益及问题与对策

精河县实施卫 项目妇幼卫生子项目 ,以改善基本妇幼卫生服务的公平性和可及性 ,提高妇女、儿童利用基本妇幼保健的能力 ,加强对妇女、儿童健康管理 ,预防和减少疾病危险的发生 ,满足基层农牧区贫困及弱势人群的基本卫生需求。该项目主要有五个活动领域 :提高基础妇幼卫生服务质量 ;促进家庭、社区的参与和健康教育 ;加强妇幼卫生管理 ;加强卫生医务人员的培训 ;提高妇幼卫生服务的可及性 ,对贫困人群实施医疗救助。