全文获取类型
收费全文 | 19479篇 |
免费 | 934篇 |
国内免费 | 133篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 147篇 |
儿科学 | 342篇 |
妇产科学 | 199篇 |
基础医学 | 2196篇 |
口腔科学 | 488篇 |
临床医学 | 1148篇 |
内科学 | 5354篇 |
皮肤病学 | 585篇 |
神经病学 | 1312篇 |
特种医学 | 650篇 |
外科学 | 3175篇 |
综合类 | 78篇 |
预防医学 | 625篇 |
眼科学 | 281篇 |
药学 | 1395篇 |
中国医学 | 59篇 |
肿瘤学 | 2512篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 109篇 |
2022年 | 200篇 |
2021年 | 373篇 |
2020年 | 200篇 |
2019年 | 289篇 |
2018年 | 420篇 |
2017年 | 301篇 |
2016年 | 359篇 |
2015年 | 367篇 |
2014年 | 519篇 |
2013年 | 607篇 |
2012年 | 1007篇 |
2011年 | 1130篇 |
2010年 | 645篇 |
2009年 | 523篇 |
2008年 | 1060篇 |
2007年 | 1167篇 |
2006年 | 1109篇 |
2005年 | 1184篇 |
2004年 | 1162篇 |
2003年 | 1188篇 |
2002年 | 1150篇 |
2001年 | 417篇 |
2000年 | 423篇 |
1999年 | 432篇 |
1998年 | 268篇 |
1997年 | 213篇 |
1996年 | 228篇 |
1995年 | 202篇 |
1994年 | 186篇 |
1993年 | 143篇 |
1992年 | 281篇 |
1991年 | 256篇 |
1990年 | 227篇 |
1989年 | 231篇 |
1988年 | 212篇 |
1987年 | 187篇 |
1986年 | 166篇 |
1985年 | 175篇 |
1984年 | 160篇 |
1983年 | 118篇 |
1982年 | 80篇 |
1981年 | 84篇 |
1979年 | 87篇 |
1978年 | 60篇 |
1977年 | 57篇 |
1975年 | 48篇 |
1973年 | 60篇 |
1969年 | 55篇 |
1968年 | 58篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Tumor tissue is composed of tumor cells and tumor stroma. Tumor stroma contains various immune cells and non-immune stromal cells, forming a complex tumor microenvironment which plays pivotal roles in regulating tumor growth. Recent successes in immunotherapies against tumors, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, have further raised interests in the immune microenvironment of liver carcinoma. The immune microenvironment of tumors is formed because of interactions among tumor cells, immune cells and non-immune stromal cells, including fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Different patterns of immune microenvironment are observed among different tumor subtypes, and their clinicopathological significance and intertumor/intratumor heterogeneity are being intensively studied. Here, we review the immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and liver metastasis of colorectal adenocarcinoma, focusing on its histopathological appearance, clinicopathological significance, and relationship with histological and molecular classifications. Understanding the comprehensive histopathological picture of a tumor immune microenvironment, in addition to molecular and genetic approaches, will further potentiate the effort for precision medicine in the era of tumor-targeting immunotherapy. 相似文献
2.
Keiko Goto Yutaka Fujiwara Takeshi Isobe Naoko Chayahara Naomi Kiyota Toru Mukohara Yukari Tsubata Takamasa Hotta Kenji Tamura Noboru Yamamoto Hironobu Minami 《Cancer science》2019,110(6):1987-1994
Although dose reduction of S‐1 is recommended for patients with impaired renal function, dose modification for such patients has not been prospectively evaluated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic parameters of 5‐fluorouracil, 5‐chloro‐2,4 dihydroxypyridine and oteracil potassium, and to review the recommended dose modification of S‐1 in patients with renal impairment. We classified patients receiving S‐1 into 4 groups according to their renal function, as measured using the Japanese estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equation. The daily S‐1 dose was adjusted based on the patient's eGFR and body surface area. Blood samples were collected for pharmacokinetic analysis. A total of 33 patients were enrolled and classified into 4 groups as follows: 10 patients in cohort 1 (eGFR ≥ 80 mL/min/1.73 m2), 10 patients in cohort 2 (eGFR = 50‐79 mL/min/1.73 m2), 10 patients in cohort 3 (eGFR = 30‐49 mL/min/1.73 m2), and 3 patients in cohort 4 (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2). Those in cohorts 3 and 4 treated with an adjusted dose of S‐1 showed a similar area under the curve for 5‐fluorouracil (941.9 ± 275.6 and 1043.5 ± 224.8 ng/mL, respectively) compared with cohort 2 (1034.9 ± 414.3 ng/mL). Notably, while there was a statistically significant difference between cohort 1 (689.6 ± 208.8 ng/mL) and 2 (P = 0.0474) treated with an equal dose of S‐1, there was no significant difference observed in the toxicity profiles of the cohorts. In conclusion, dose adjustment of S‐1 in patients with impaired renal function using eGFR is appropriate and safe. 相似文献
3.
Dalton Luiz Schiessel Ricardo K. Yamazaki Marcelo Kryczyk Isabela Coelho de Castro Adriana A. Yamaguchi Danielle C. T. Pequito 《Nutrition and cancer》2016,68(8):1369-1380
Objective: Polyunsaturated fatty acids n-3 (PUFA n-3) have shown effects in reducing tumor growth, in particular eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) abundantly present in fish oil (FO). When these fatty acids are provided in the diet, they alter the functions of the cells, particularly in tumor and immune cells. However, the effects of α-linolenic fatty acid (ALA), which is the precursor of EPA and DHA, are controversial. Thus, our objective was to test the effect of this parental fatty acid. Methods: Non-tumor-bearing and tumor-bearing Wistar rats (70 days) were supplemented with 1 g/kg body weight of FO or Oro Inca® (OI) oil (rich in ALA). Immune cells function, proliferation, cytokine production, and subpopulation profile were evaluated. Results: We have shown that innate immune cells enhanced phagocytosis capacity, and increased processing and elimination of antigens. Moreover, there was a decrease in production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6)) by macrophages. Lymphocytes showed decreased proliferation capacity, increased cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8+) subpopulation, and increased TNF-α production. Conclusions: Oil rich in ALA caused similar immune modulation in cancer when compared with FO. 相似文献
4.
Yohei Tomaru Hiroshi Kamada Yuta Tsukagoshi Shogo Nakagawa Kenta Tanaka Ryoko Takeuchi Yuki Mataki Shumpei Miyakawa Masashi Yamazaki 《Journal of orthopaedic science》2019,24(1):159-165
Background
On April 1, 2016, the Ministerial ordinance was enforced, and musculoskeletal examination of the extremities was made mandatory. From 2008, the University of us started musculoskeletal direct examination. To expand the examination, from 2016, we started to use the marksheet-type questionnaire. This study aimed to report the results of a musculoskeletal examination and investigate the association between musculoskeletal examination and age/gender and reports the reliability of the collected questionnaire data.Methods
Direct musculoskeletal examination was performed in K school by 7 orthopedic surgeons. A marksheet-type screening questionnaire was distributed to all the elementary and junior high school students in Tsukuba and Hitachiomiya cities. The rates of abnormal findings for scoliosis, standing flexion, full squatting with the heels on the floor, general joint laxity, and standing on one leg, torticollis, and flat feet were calculated. We compared the results of the questionnaire and direct examination and calculated sensitivity, specificity, and odds ratio.Results
A total of 1844 students in K school had direct examination, and 22,494 questionnaires were able to correct in Tsukuba and Hitachiomiya cities. The rates of abnormal findings in direct examination/questionnaire in scoliosis, standing flexion, full squat, general joint laxity, standing on one leg, torticollis and flat foot were 18.7% (344/1842)/5.1% (1094/21441), 20.2% (372/1841)/26.6% (5817/22078), 6.2% (114/1832)/6.9% (1516/22101), 7.5% (1648/22252), 4.9% (1100/22077), 2.2% (31/1844)/1.2% (272/21687), and 12.5% (231/1842)/8.7% (1785/20871), respectively. Sensitivities of the questionnaire for scoliosis, stand flexion, full squatting, torticollis, and flat feet were 16.8% (53/316), 67.9% (250/368), 48.2% (55/114), 18.9% (7/37), and 32.2% (65/202), respectively.Conclusion
We reported the result of musculoskeletal examination. Accuracy and reliability of this questionnaire were not satisfactory. To perform high quality musculoskeletal examinations, we will aim to increase the quality of screening methods. 相似文献5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.