蛇床子水提取液抑瘤作用的实验研究

目的 :研究蛇床子水提取液的体内抗肿瘤作用。方法 :通过 S180 肉瘤移植建立荷瘤小鼠模型 ,给予不同剂量蛇床子水提取液后观察 S180 荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长曲线、血清唾液酸 (SA)、瘤重及小鼠生存天数的变化。结果 :蛇床子水提取液能明显抑制肿瘤生长 ,降低荷瘤小鼠血清 SA水平 ,0 .0 6mg/(g· d) ,0 .1 1 mg/(g· d)、0 .2 1 mg/(g· d)剂量组平均瘤重低于肿瘤对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,抑瘤率依次为 2 3 .2 %、2 9.1 %和 2 4 .8%,且能延长荷瘤小鼠生存天数 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,动物生命延长率依次为 :2 6 .9%、3 4 .8%和 2 6 .6 %。结论 :蛇床子水提取液具有较强的抗肿瘤效应 ,有很好的利用前景 ,值得对其进行深入研究。     

Nonspecific mitochondrial disease with epilepsy in children: diagnostic approaches and epileptic phenotypes

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to characterize epileptic phenotypes in children with nonspecific mitochondrial disease (MD) and to evaluate MD diagnostic approaches. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the medical, electroencephalogram, and laboratory records of 142 patients with epilepsy was performed. The patients were evaluated for MD, and 124 patients were included in the final cohort. The MD criteria used included an oral glucose lactate stimulation test (OGLST) and urine organic acid/plasma amino acid (UOA/PAA) assays as metabolic indicators of modified Walker criteria, as suggested by Bernier et al. (Neurology 59:1406-1411, 2002). RESULTS: Twenty-two patients were classified as having definite MD (9), probable MD (5), possible MD (6), or pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) deficiency (3), including one patient which showed a respiratory chain (RC) defect and PDH deficiency. Seven out of eight patients in whom significant RC defects were observed showed complex I defects. In 14 patients, epileptic seizures start at infantile ages. Of 17 patients who substantially presented generalized seizures, 4 patients started with partial seizures. Five patients consistently presented only partial seizures. The OGLST and UOA/PAA assays were useful for a more precise diagnosis of MD, although low positive predictive value of the OGLST was regrettable. No patient was classified as definite MD by Walker's original criteria, but the use of our revised MD criteria resulted in the classification of nine additional patients as definite MD. CONCLUSIONS: MD manifested considerable diverse epileptic phenotypes and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of epilepsy in children with unexplained encephalomyopathy and progressive and fluctuating clinical courses.     

发挥远程教育优势推进医学继续教育发展

《教育部关于加强高校网络教育学院管理提高教学质量的若干意见》中强调指出：高校网络教育学院要以在职人员的继续教育为主，要充分发挥网络教育的优势，为在职人员更新知识、增强技能、不断学习、不断提高提供良好的服务。然而，要使医学院校在开展继续教育中发挥更大的作用，推进医学继续教育的发展，远程教育不仅是解决这一问题的有效途径，而且将成为开展医学继续教育的强大动力。     

椎间盘镜系统治疗腰椎间盘突出症550例

目的探讨椎间盘镜系统治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效. 方法改进部分手术器械,采用膝胸坐位,穿刺黄韧带进入椎管等方法,应用METRx进行腰椎间盘取出术550例. 结果随访6～36个月,平均21个月,疗效参考Nakai标准,优478例 (86.9%),良60例(10.9%),可6例(1.1%),差6例(1.1%).疗效差6例再次镜下扩大侧隐窝清理残留髓核疗效转良. 结论 METRx下行腰椎间盘取出术,创伤小、安全、疗效好,值得推广.     

Molecular genetics and transfusion management in a child with Bernard Soulier syndrome.

We present a case of Bernard Soulier syndrome in a 9-year-old boy caused by a novel genetic mutation. This child was shown to be homozygous for a single nucleotide deletion (c.1077delG) in the GP1BA gene not previously reported. Clinically, the boy has become refractory to platelet transfusions with both allo-antibodies and iso-antibodies and a massive transfusion requirement for ongoing haemorrhage. We describe the critical role that the blood product transfusion continues to play in the management of Bernard Soulier syndrome and discuss therapeutic options in these patients.     

匹罗卡品致(癎)大鼠海马中表达生长抑素的中间神经元数目变化及其轴突出芽

Objective To investigate the roles of somatostatin(SS)positive intemeurons in the development and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods Piloearpine-induced epilepsy rat model was established.Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect number changes and axonal sprouting of SS positive intemeurons in different domains of the hippocampus at difierent time points.Degeneration of SS positive interneurons and their neurophils were detected by the double immunofluorescence staining with SS and Fluoro-Jade B(FJB)at 7 and 60 days after status epilepticus (SE).Results In the exoerimental rat group,the number of SS positive neurons decreased in each hippocampal domain,and it reached the lowest at 7 days post-SE(There were 11.1±3.3 in hilus,2.8±0.9 in CA1region and 1.8±0.7 in CA1region,t=13.519,9.644 and 8.808,all P<0.01).In chronic phase,the number of SS neurons gradually recovered,and exceeded the control group in CA1 area at 60 days post-SE(12.8±1.5 vs 8.8±1.3,t=-4.506,P<0.01),however,the number of SS neurons in the hilus(25.5±4.6)and CA1 area(4.8±0.8)remained significantly less than normal levels(t value were 4.691 and 3.953.both P<0.01).Increased SS positive fibers were found in the lacunosum-molecular (1m)layer and outer molecular layer of dentate gyrus after 30 days post-SE,and numerous SS positive fibers were seen threnghout the layers of area CA1 at 60 days post-SE.Double immunofluuorescence revealed that a few SS positive interneurons and fibers were also labeled by FJB in area CA1 at 7 days post-SE and in CA domain/hilus at 60 days post-SE.Conclusions SS intemeurons loss plays an important role in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy.The loss is partially caIlsed by the degeneration and death of neurons;SS positive neurophils increase within area CA1 in chronic phase may play a significant role in the generation and compensation of temporal lobe epilepsy.     

Future direction of nanomedicine in gastrointestinal cancer]

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in human, and among various cancers, gastrointestinal cancers occupy more than 55%. Gastric cancer is the first leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world and the number of pancreas and colon cancers are increasing remarkably during last two decades which will continue to increase in the future. Even though the clinical importance of gastrointestinal cancers is very high and endless efforts has been made to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods to improve the patient's quality of life and survival, the realistic advance in the actual survival benefit of the cancer patients are still strongly required. Nanotechnology has the power to radically change the way of cancer diagnosis and treatment. Currently, there is a lot of researches on novel nanodevices capable of detecting cancer at its earliest stage, pinpointing its location within the body, and delivering anticancer drugs specifically to the malignant cells. Nanoscale devices can readily interact with biomolecules both on the cell surface and within the cell. In addition, nanoscale devices are already proven that they can deliver therapeutic agents to target cells even within specific organelles. Major areas in which nanomedicine is being developed in cancer include early detection and proteomics, imaging diagnostics and multifunctional therapeutics. Because nanotechnology would provide a technical power and tool that enable new diagnostics, therapeutics, and preventives to keep pace with today's explosion in knowledge in the future, it would be very useful to know the perspectives in the direction of nanotechnology as a major clinician responsible for the patients with gastrointestinal malignancies.