Carbamazepine, diuretics, and hyponatremia: a possible interaction

Although carbamazepine is known to cause hyponatremia, no previous reports have indicated an interaction between carbamazepine and a diuretic. Two patients are described who were treated with this combination and developed symptomatic hyponatremia, which cleared when both drugs were discontinued in one patient and when the diuretic was discontinued in the second patient. The possible mechanisms of action of carbamazepine-induced hyponatremia are discussed.     

Radiation therapy of testicular seminoma: a 15-year survey.

A retrospective review of 69 patients with testicular seminoma, stage I and II, treated by orchiectomy and adjuvant irradiation at McGill University Hospitals from 1972 to 1987 was performed. All patients underwent either lymphangiogram or computed axial tomography scan for evaluation of retroperitoneal disease. There were 52 stage I (75%), 13 stage IIA (11%), 2 stage IIB (3%), and 2 stage IIC (Royal Marsden Hospital staging criteria). Median follow-up time was 6.2 years. The 10-year actuarial survivals were 94% and 93% for stages I and II, respectively. Only two stage I patients failed treatment, and both died from metastatic disease. Interestingly, both developed biopsy-proven metastatic brain disease and had no evidence of intra-abdominal recurrence. In stage II disease, only one patient failed the treatment. There was no serious acute toxicity and no late complications have been encountered. Radiation therapy following orchiectomy is the treatment of choice for stage I and for most stage II patients with testicular seminoma. The controversial aspects of radiographic retroperitoneal staging, the use of prophylactic mediastinal irradiation for stage II patients, and the role of surveillance only for stage I patients are discussed.     

A novel 37-Kd adhesive membrane protein from cloned murine bone marrow stromal cells and cloned murine hematopoietic progenitor cells

The adhesion of hematopoietic progenitor cells to bone marrow stromal cells is critical to hematopoiesis and involves multiple effector molecules. Stromal cell molecules that participate in this interaction were sought by analyzing the detergent-soluble membrane proteins of GBI/6 stromal cells that could be adsorbed by intact FDCP-1 progenitor cells. A single-chain protein from GBI/6 cells having an apparent molecular weight of 37 Kd was selectively adsorbed by FDCP-1 cells. This protein, designated p37, could be surface-radiolabeled and thus appeared to be exposed on the cell membrane. An apparently identical 37- Kd protein was expressed by three stromal cell lines, by Swiss 3T3 fibroblastic cells, and by FDCP-1 and FDCP-2 progenitor cells. p37 was selectively adsorbed from membrane lysates by a variety of murine hematopoietic cells, including erythrocytes, but not by human erythrocytes. Binding of p37 to cells was calcium-dependent, and was not affected by inhibitors of the hematopoietic homing receptor or the cell-binding or heparin-binding functions of fibronectin. It is proposed that p37 may be a novel adhesive molecule expressed on the surface of a variety of hematopoietic cells that could participate in both homotypic and heterotypic interactions of stromal and progenitor cells.     

Tardive dyskinesia in the course of antidepressant therapy: a prevalence study and review of the literature

The authors present a prevalence study of tardive dyskinesia (TD) in the course of antidepressant therapy. Of the 50 patients evaluated, three developed TD. TD developed rapidly and in a short period of time. Withdrawal of antidepressant improved TD in two patients. The literature on TD developing in the course of antidepressant therapy is reviewed, and the different etiological theories are examined.