新疆地区高血压合并2型糖尿病患者的抗高血压药物治疗分析

目的了解新疆地区高血压合并2型糖尿病患者的抗高血压药物治疗现状,并加以分析,以提高其治疗水平。方法通过问卷调查及随访,分析64例高血压合并2型糖尿病患者降压药物治疗情况。结果64例患者中,应用钙离子拮抗剂39例(60.94%),血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂29例(45.31%),β-受体阻滞剂13例(20.31%),利尿剂11例(17.18%),血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂9例(14.06%);其中单一用药34例(53.12%),联合用药30例(46.88%);治疗后血压达标23例(36.36%),以血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂加钙离子拮抗剂联合治疗效果为优,达标率57.14%。结论新疆地区高血压合并糖尿病患者的降压治疗以钙离子拮抗剂及血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂为主,血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂结合钙离子拮抗剂的治疗方案具有较高的降压达标率。     

Effect of microwave irradiation on the flexural strength and residual monomer levels of an acrylic resin repair material

The degree of polymerization of an acrylic resin repair material, as established by residual monomer estimation, was compared using three different polymerization methods, i.e. bench-cure, hydroflask-cure and microwave irradiation cure. The repair strength of a conventional heat-polymerized resin was then assessed following repairs using each of these three methods. The lowest level of residual monomer was achieved with the microwave irradiation cure. It was also demonstrated that of the three methods, polymerization using microwave energy resulted in the strongest repair.     

心房肌钙激活中性蛋白酶基因转录表达改变与心房颤动的关系

目的研究风湿性心脏瓣膜病（风心病）心房颤动（房颤）患者心房肌细胞钙激活中性蛋白酶（calpain1、calpain2）、钙激活中性蛋白酶（calpastatin）及L-型电压依赖钙通道alc亚基（LVDCCalc）的基因转录，探讨房颤患者心房肌电重构和结构重构以及心功能下降的分子生物学机制及其在房颤发生维持中的作用。方法采集风心病窦性心律组患者12例和房颤组患者16例的右心耳组织，应用半定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）方法，测定心房肌calpain1、calpain2、calpastatin及LVDCCalc的mRNA表达水平。应用电镜观察房颤组与窦性心律组心房肌细胞超微结构。结果与窦性心律组相比，房颤组心房肌calpain1的mRNA表达水平上调（P〈0．05），LVDCCalc的mRNA表达水平显著下调（P〈0．01），且与calpainl的mRNA表达呈负相关（r=-0．583，P=0．019），而calpain2和calpastatin的mRNA表达水平差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；电镜结果显示房颤组心房肌细胞超微结构发生明显变化。结论房颤患者心房肌细胞calpain1和LVDCCalc的转录水平调控失衡，提示calpain1激活影响心肌细胞结构和通道蛋白水平，与房颤心房电重构和结构重构有关。     

风湿性心脏病慢性心房颤动患者钙转运调控蛋白和钙激活中性蛋白酶基因转录的表达改变

目的测定心房肌钙转运调控蛋白和钙激活中性蛋白酶(calpain1)的mRNA表达,探讨风湿性心脏瓣膜病(风心病)心房颤动(房颤)患者心房肌电重构和结构重构以及心功能下降的分子生物学机制及其在房颤发生、维持中的作用。方法采集风心病窦性心律组患者12例和房颤组患者16例的右心耳组织,应用半定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法,测定心房肌钙转运调控蛋白和calpain1的mRNA表达水平。结果与窦性心律组相比,房颤组L-型电压依赖钙通道a1c亚基(LVDCCa1c)、肌浆网Ca2+-ATP酶、兰尼碱受体(RYR2)的mRNA表达水平明显下调(均为P<0.01),三磷酸肌醇受体(IP3R1)的mRNA表达水平上调(P<0.05),房颤组心房肌calpain1的mRNA表达水平上调(P<0.05),且与LVDCCa1c的mRNA表达呈负相关(r=-0.583,P<0.05)。结论房颤患者心房肌钙转运调控蛋白和calpain1转录水平调控失衡可能是心房肌电重构和结构重构以及心功能下降的分子生物学机制之一,与房颤的发生和维持有关。     

QT Duration and Dispersion in Patients with Anomalous Origins of Coronary Arteries

Background: Coronary artery anomalies have been reported to show various symptoms ranging from chest pain and dyspnea to cardio-respiratory arrest and sudden death. In this study, we attempted to assess the changes in QT interval duration and dispersion in anomalous origins of coronary arteries (AOCA).
Methods: Nineteen AOCA patients (mean age: 52 ± 11 years) and 30 healthy control subjects (mean age: 50 ± 12 years) were included in the study. Minimum and maximum corrected QT intervals, and corrected QT dispersion were calculated. The two groups were compared in terms of QT dispersion and QT duration.
Results: There was no difference between the two groups in terms of baseline demographic characteristics. Maximum corrected QT intervals (QTc max), minimum corrected QT intervals (QTc min), and corrected QT dispersion were higher in AOCA patients than controls (452 ± 38 vs 411 ± 25 ms [P = 0.0001], 402 ± 31 vs 383 ± 28 ms [P = 0.048], and 51 ± 30 vs 28 ± 12 ms [P = 0.001], respectively).
Conclusion: In the patients with anomalous origins of coronary arteries, QT dispersion that is an indicator of sudden cardiac death and arrhythmias frequency increased. QTc max, QTc min, and corrected QT dispersion are higher in patients with anomalous origin of the coronary artery than in control subjects.     

The Prognostic Value of Combined Fractional Flow Reserve and TIMI Frame Count Measurements in Patients with Stable Angina Pectoris and Acute Coronary Syndrome

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of different fractional flow reserve (FFR) cutoff values and corrected thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame (TIMI) count (CTFC) measurements in a series of consecutive patients with moderate coronary lesions, including patients with unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and/or positive noninvasive functional test findings. Methods: We included 162 consecutive coronary patients in whom revascularization of a moderate coronary lesion was deferred based on a FFR value ≥0.75. Patients were divided according to the results of the intracoronary pressure and flow measurements into four groups: group A: 0.75 ≤ FFR ≤ 0.85 and CTFC > 28 (n=22), group B: 0.75 ≤ FFR ≤ 0.85 and CTFC ≤ 28 (n = 55), group C: 0.85 < FFR and CTFC > 28 (n = 19), and group D: 0.85 < FFR and CTFC ≤ 28 (n = 66). Adverse cardiac events and the presence of angina were evaluated at follow‐up. Results: At a mean follow‐up of 18 ± 10 months, cardiac event rate in patients with 0.75 ≤ FFR ≤ 0.85 and FFR > 0.85 were 22% and 9%, respectively (P = 0.026) and also, a trend was observed toward a higher cardiac event rate in case of an abnormal CTFC (CTFC > 28) compared to a normal CTFC (24% vs 12%, P = 0.066). Furthermore, a significantly higher cardiac event rate was observed when group A was compared to group D (31.8% vs 7.6%, respectively, P = 0.004). Conclusion: Patients with potential microvascular dysfunction and borderline FFR values should be interpreted with caution, and management strategies should be guided not only by pressure measurement, but also by possibly supplementary clinical risk stratification and noninvasive tests. (J Interven Cardiol 2010;23:421–428)     

膝关节周围CampanacciⅢ级骨巨细胞瘤的手术治疗

目的 比较刮除灭活内固定与瘤段切除重建两种术式治疗膝关节周围CampanacciⅢ级骨巨细胞瘤（GCTB）在术中出血量、术后功能评价、局部复发及术后并发症等方面的差异。方法 回顾性分析我院2011年6月～2020年5月收治的42例膝关节周围CampanacciⅢ级GCTB患者的临床资料，比较两种术式的手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院天数、术后辅助行走时间、末次随访下肢功能MSTS及AKS评分和肿瘤复发情况。对比两种手术方式对CampanacciⅢ级GCTB患者肿瘤转归及下肢功能恢复情况的影响。结果 患者均获得随访，平均随访时间46.7（7～110）个月。刮除灭活内固定术组住院天数、术后辅助行走时间低于瘤段切除重建术组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；刮除灭活内固定组术后MSTS评分、AKS功能评分高于瘤段切除重建术组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；瘤段切除重建术组肿瘤复发率明显低于刮除内固定术组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 刮除灭活内固定、瘤段切除重建均是治疗膝关节周围CampanacciⅢ级GCTB的有效方法，前者可保留患者膝关节功能、术后可使患者早期下床活动；而后者术后复发率明显低于前者，可避免因截肢和关节融合对患者生活质量产生的影响。     

Anterior Mitral Valve Length is Associated with Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Classical Mitral Valve Prolapse

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the electrocardiographic and echocardiographic predictors of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients with classical mitral valve prolapse (MVP). Methods: Thirty patients (nine men and 21 women; mean age, 41.5 ± 15 years) in sinus rhythm with mitral valve prolapse who had VT in 24‐hour Holter analysis and 30 patients with MVP without VT (eight men and 22 women; mean age, 43 ± 16 years) were included in this study. Transthoracic echocardiography, QT analyses from 12‐lead electrocardiography, and 24‐hour Holter electrocardiogram recordings were performed. Results: Mitral posterior leaflet thickness (0.48 ± 0.03 cm vs 0.43 ± 0,08 cm, P = 0.025), mitral anterior leaflet length (3.2 ± 0.24 cm vs 2.9 ± 0.36, P < 0.001), mitral posterior leaflet length (2.2 ± 0.3 cm vs 1.9 ± 0.35 cm, P = 0.01), left atrium anteroposterior diameter (4.2 ± 0.8 cm vs 3.5 ± 0.5 cm, P = 0.001), and mitral annulus circumference (15.7 ± 1.3 cm vs 14.6 ± 1.6 cm, P = 0.004) were increased significantly in MVP cases with VT. No significant difference was found between the cases with and without VT in terms of frequency‐ and time‐domain analysis. QT dispersion (72 ± 18 ms vs 55 ± 15 ms, P = 0.0002) and corrected QT dispersion (QTcD) (76 ± 18 ms vs 55 ± 15 ms, P = 0.0002) were significantly increased in cases with VT compared with those without VT. Based on logistic regression analysis for MVP cases, in the case of VT, an enhancement in QTcD (P = 0.01) and the mitral anterior leaflet length (P = 0.003) were the independent predictors of VT. Conclusion: Mitral anterior leaflet length and enhanced QTcD are closely related with VT in patients with classical MVP. (PACE 2010; 33:1224–1230)     

Heart Rate Recovery and Chronotropic Incompetence in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism

Background: Heart rate recovery (HRR) and chronotropic incompetence (CI) in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) has not been explored previously. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the HRR and CI in patients with SCH.
Methods: Twenty-five patients (11 men, 14 women with a mean age of 36 ± 10 years) who were diagnosed SCH determined by an increased serum thyrothrophine (TSH) concentration (>4.0 ng/mL) and the normal free triiodothyronine (fT3) and free thyroxin (fT4) levels, were included in the study. The control group of healthy individuals with normal TSH (12 males, 15 females) with a mean age of 36 ± 3 years was also included. Two groups were well matched for age, sex, and body mass index. Medical history, physical examination, electrocardiogram, treadmill exercise testing, and chest radiogram were performed for all participants.
Results: The characteristics of SCH patients and control cases were similar with regard to age, sex, and BMI except for TSH levels. Serum TSH levels were significantly higher in SCH patients than the controls (P < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in the changes of heart rate (HR), exercise tolerance (metabolic equivalents) , or systolic and diastolic blood pressures at rest or during exercise between the groups, whereas HRR and CI were significantly lower during exercise testing in the SCH patients compared to controls (P < 0.003; P < 0.03, respectively).
Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that SCH can cause impaired cardiovascular autonomic function and attenuated HR response to exercise. (PACE 2010; 2–5)