共培养诱导小鼠ES细胞向软骨细胞分化的初步研究

目的 探讨软骨共培养体系诱导小鼠ES细胞向软骨细胞分化的可行性.方法 GFP标记的小鼠ES细胞初步分化为EB后,将EB消化为单个细胞,同猪关节软骨细胞按一定比例(1∶3)昆合后接种于PGA材料,体外培养1周后植入裸鼠皮下3周取材.对照组为EB细胞接种组及软骨细胞接种组.取材后行连续冰冻切片,切片分别做荧光拍照,HE染色及甲苯胺蓝染色.结果 组织学结果显示,EB细胞接种组形成畸胎瘤;软骨细胞对照组形成软骨组织;实验组形成软骨组织和畸胎瘤的混合体.甲苯胺蓝染色结果和荧光照片对照结果显示,部分软骨组织GFP阳性,由小鼠ES细胞分化而来.结论 软骨共培养体系可以诱导小鼠ES细胞向软骨细胞分化,但得到的软骨组织不纯,混有畸胎瘤组织.     

青岛市居民就诊单位选择影响因素的多项式Logistic回归分析

①目的研究影响青岛市城乡居民选择就诊单位的因素。②方法采用多项式Logistic回归分析法，分析影响青岛市城乡居民选择就诊单位的主要因素。③结果影响市区病人选择就诊单位的主要因素是医疗保健制度和居民健康状况．农村病人的主要影响因素是家庭收入、健康状况和受教育程度。④结论居民就诊单位选择受多种因素的影响，建议加快医疗保健制度的改革．完善医疗保健制度。     

大豆总皂甙对培养心肌细胞自发性搏动与动作电位的影响

培养Wistar大鼠乳鼠的心室肌细胞,向培养基中分别加入浓度为1.56μg/ml至50μg/ml的大豆皂甙,可使心肌细胞群落的自发性搏动呈剂量依赖性抑制。洗脱大豆皂甙或向培养基中再加入10μg/ml肾上腺素均能使自发性搏动恢复。向培养基中加入大豆皂甙5μg/ml使心肌细胞动作电位的波幅、波宽、超射、最大舒张电位、阈电位、最大除极速度等各电参数立即减小。Ca~(2+)80μg/ml能使动作电位的抑制逆转。上述结果表明大豆皂甙对培养的鼠心肌细胞具有钙通道阻滞用。     

气流喷砂对牙面粗糙度的影响

目的　探讨使用气流喷砂技术对牙面粗糙度的影响。方法　光波干涉显微镜观察 2 4颗离体牙在使用气流喷砂后牙面粗糙度的变化 ,并研究磨光糊剂磨光对减轻其粗糙度的作用。结果　气流喷砂和超声洁治一样都会使牙面糊糙度显著增加 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,进一步磨光可使牙面粗糙度显著下降 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论　临床上使用气流喷砂后 ,需进一步磨光来增加牙面光洁度     

联合切口径路全翻内置法鼓膜成形术

对各种慢性化脓性中耳炎采用联合切口径路全翻内置法行鼓膜成形术１１８例，取得良好效果，介绍了联合切口、全翻外耳道皮瓣和内置移植物的操作技术，探讨了该法取得良好效果的各种因素。     

Neuroprotective effect of estrogen after chronic spinal cord injury in ovariectomized rats

BACKGROUND: At present, there is still lack of effective drugs for chronic spinal cord injury, whereas it is found recently that estrogen has a neuroprotective effect on brain and spinal cord injuries. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of estrogen on the apoptosis of nerve cells after gradual chronic spinal cord injury in ovariectomized rats. DESIGN: A randomized controlled animal trial. SETTING: Institute of Orthopaedics, the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University. MATERIALS: Sixty-five female Wistar rats of common degree, weighing 220–250 g, were provided by the experimental animal center of Lanzhou University. The rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group (n =5), estrogen-treated group (n =30) and saline control group (n =30), and the latter two groups were observed at 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 60 days respectively, and 5 rats for each time point. METHODS: All the rats were treated with bilateral oophorectomy 2 weeks before the experiment. T10 vertebral lamina was revolved into using plastic screw. The spinal canal impingement was not induced initially. After that, the original incision was opened to expose the screw every 7–10 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The apoptosis and Caspase-3 positive cells in the damaged spinal cord were detected using terminal deoxynucleotidal transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method and Caspase-3 immunohistochemical staining at 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 60 days after chronic spinal cord injury respectively. RESULTS: Totally 65 rats were used, and the deleted ones during the experiment were supplemented by others. Changes of Caspase-3 expression after spinal cord injury: In the sham-operated group, only a small amount of Caspase-3 proteins were observed in the rat spinal cord, mainly located in motor neurons of spinal cord anterior horn. In the estrogen-treated group and saline control group, positive cells expressed occasionally at 1 day postoperatively, began to increase obviously at 7 days after injury, strongly expressed at 14 and 28 days, but decreased at 60 days, mainly located in the neurons of spinal cord gray matter anterior horn, and they expressed fewer in the motor neurons and white matter of ventral horn, and there were obvious differences between the estrogen-treated group and saline control group at 7, 14, 28 and 60 days (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Estrogen can reduce the apoptosis of nerve cells and promote the recovery of neurological function following gradual chronic spinal cord injury.     

骨盆倾斜度异常产妇分娩体位干预效果观察

目的 探讨体位变换对骨盆倾斜度异常产妇分娩及新生儿的影响.方法 将180例产妇随机分为观察组和对照组各90例,对照组在产程中采取常规分娩体位;观察组实施体位干预,即在第一产程活跃期后取40°～70°斜坡位,第二产程取膀胱截石位.比较两组分娩方式,第一、第二产程时间,会阴裂伤发生率及新生儿出生情况.结果 观察组剖宫产率显著低于对照组(P＜0.01),第一、第二产程时间显著短于对照组(均P＜0.01),会阴裂伤发生率显著低于对照组(P＜0.05);两组新生儿出生情况比较,差异无显著性意义(均P＞0.05).结论 采用干预体位后使骨盆倾斜度异常得到纠正,可降低剖宫产率,缩短产程并降低会阴裂伤发生率.     

管理信息系统在疾病预防控制工作中的应用

近几年计算机网络信息技术飞速发展。为适应新的社会形势,向社会提供更优质高效的服务,我省疾病预防控制中心积极引进、开发多种管理信息系统,分别应用到传染病疫情监测、卫生检验、计划免疫、生物制品管理、行政办公等实际业务工作中,取得很好的成效。     

脑膜淋巴管转运功能障碍加重脂多糖诱导的小鼠中枢炎症

目的：探讨脑膜淋巴管（meningeal lymphatic vessel,mLV）转运功能障碍对脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide,LPS）诱导的小鼠中枢神经系统炎症的影响。方法：①16只C57BL/6雄性小鼠随机分为4组,Control组腹腔注射生理盐水,LPS组分别腹腔注射LPS（2 mg/kg）12、24、72 h,而后观察小鼠mLV转运功能、海马区小胶质细胞（microglial,MG）活化、白介素（interleukin,IL）-6 和IL-1β水平。②将8只小鼠随机分为2组,分别为Control组和VEGFR3抑制剂MAZ51组,观察MAZ51对mLV转运功能的影响。③将24只小鼠分为4组,分别为Control组、MAZ51组、LPS组、LPS+MAZ51组,对MAZ51组和LPS+MAZ51组预先腹腔注射 MAZ51（10 mg/kg）,每周5 d,共30 d,6周后对LPS组和LPS+MAZ51组注射LPS,1 d后行为学实验评估小鼠的逃避恐惧能力;免疫组化检测MG 活化情况;ELISA 法检测IL-6、IL-1β的表达量。结果：小鼠腹腔注射LPS 24 h后脑膜LYVE-1面积和颈深淋巴结内OVA-647面积明显减少（P < 0.01）,72 h内均低于基础水平（P < 0.01）,24 h后海马MG活化、IL-6和IL-1β均明显增加 （P < 0.01）。与Control组相比,MAZ51组OVA-647荧光面积显著减少（P < 0.01）。LPS组小鼠海马区MG活化和IL-6、IL-1β的表达相对Control组均明显增加（P < 0.01）且小鼠僵直时间明显降低（P < 0.01）;与LPS组相比,LPS+MAZ51组小鼠海马区MG 活化和炎症因子的表达均增加（P < 0.01）且僵直时间明显减少（P < 0.01）。结论：mLV转运障碍通过增加炎性介质聚积,活化 MG,加重LPS诱导的小鼠中枢炎症和认知功能障碍。     

443例胃癌根治术后发生肺部并发症的危险因素

目的 探讨胃癌根治术术后肺部并发症(PPCs)的相关危险因素,为PPCs的个体化防治提供相应的对策。 方法 回顾性分析2019年1月至2021年3月兰州大学第二医院普通外科443例胃癌患者的临床资料,统计患者的临床病理特征,采用二分类Logistic回归分析胃癌根治术PPCs的危险因素。 结果 443例胃癌根治术PPCs的发生率为18.1%(80/443),其中肺部感染的发生率为12.4%(55/443),胸腔积液的发生率为11.7%(52/443),发生PPCs较未发生PPCs住院时间延长。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥60岁(OR=0.424、95%CI: 0.241~0.746)、糖尿病史(OR=0.318、95%CI: 0.146~0.693)、每分钟最大通气量(MVV)(%)<85%(OR=0.509、95%CI: 0.297~0.874)、术中失血量≥200 mL(OR=0.496、95%CI: 0.276~0.797)和术后吻合口并发症(OR=4.038、95%CI: 1.250~13.049)是胃癌根治术发生PPCs的独立危险因素。 结论 对于年龄≥60岁、糖尿病史、MVV(%)<85%、术中失血量≥200 mL、术后吻合口并发症的胃癌患者,应注意预防PPCs的发生。