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1.
Veronique Braud E. Yvonne Jones Andrew McMichael 《European journal of immunology》1997,27(5):1164-1169
Human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen E (HLA-E) and mouse major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class Ib antigen, Qa-1, share the same substitutions at two normally conserved positions 143 and 147, which are likely to affect binding of the C terminus of peptides. Qa-1 is able to bind a peptide derived from the leader sequence of H-2 D and H-2 L molecules. We developed a peptide binding assay in vitro to compare the binding specificity of HLA-E with the mouse MHC class Ib molecule Qa-1. We demonstrate that HLA-E binds, although poorly, the peptide which binds to Qa-1 and that it also binds nonamer signal sequence-derived peptides from human MHC class I molecules. Using alanine and glycine substitutions, we could define primary anchor residues at positions 2 and 9 and secondary anchor residues at position 7 and possibly 3. 相似文献
2.
Lieve Peremans Veronique Verhoeven Hilde Philips Joke Denekens Paul Van Royen 《The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care》2007,12(4):317-325
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate how Belgian health care providers deal with a request for emergency contraception. METHOD: In 2002-2003 we conducted 12 focus groups with pharmacists, general practitioners and school physicians. A skilled moderator accompanied by an observer conducted the focus groups using a semi-structured screenplay. RESULTS: All these health care providers agree with the free access to emergency contraception (EC), but experience considerable frustration with regard to the practical aspects and the legal framework. General practitioners (GPs) claim to spend a lot of time on requests for EC and they are concerned about the quality of the counselling provided in pharmacies. Pharmacists are creative when giving counselling in the pharmacy, but there is, nevertheless, a problem with a lack of privacy. School physicians are frustrated that there is no legal possibility to respond to a request for EC when they feel they are ideally placed to advise adolescents. CONCLUSION: The over-the-counter sale of EC offers women better access, but many barriers still interfere with optimal care. Pharmacists experience a lack of skills to communicate with adolescents and a lack of privacy to give counselling. GPs have good intentions, but are confronted with a lack of willingness on the part of the patients and also financial barriers. School physicians want more possibilities to help adolescents. 相似文献
3.
Veronique Verhoeven Lieve Peremans Dirk Avonts Paul Van Royen 《The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care》2006,11(3):175-180
INTRODUCTION: We describe the use of emergency contraception (EC) and its association with sociodemographic, contraceptive and behavioural characteristics in a sample of family practice attendants in Belgium. METHODS: The study was part of a large Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) prevalence study in general practice. Sexually active women under 40 who consulted their general practitioner for routine gynaecological care were enrolled in the study. Participants completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic variables, urogenital symptoms, sexual history and sexual behaviour, and delivered a sample for CT testing. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify determinants of a history of EC use in women in this sample. RESULTS: Of 815 questioned women, 23.5% had ever used EC. EC users were a heterogeneous group with respect to educational level, age and ethnicity. The use of emergency contraception was associated with the level of urbanisation, condom use, not having children yet, young age of first sexual intercourse, having had multiple partners in the past year, a history of unintended pregnancy, and current or previous STI. DISCUSSION: Information on availability and correct use of EC, and on the need for additional testing for STI, are necessary to help primary care attendees to preserve their future reproductive health. 相似文献
4.
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection induces interleukin-8 production via activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and the transcription factors NF-kappaB and AP-1 in T84 cells 下载免费PDF全文
Dahan S Busuttil V Imbert V Peyron JF Rampal P Czerucka D 《Infection and immunity》2002,70(5):2304-2310
5.
Comparative Evaluation of Ligation-Mediated PCR and Spoligotyping as Screening Methods for Genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3 下载免费PDF全文
Stefano Bonora M. Cristina Gutierrez Giovanni Di Perri Francesca Brunello Benedetta Allegranzi Marco Ligozzi Roberta Fontana Ercole Concia Veronique Vincent 《Journal of clinical microbiology》1999,37(10):3118-3123
Spoligotyping has been suggested as a screening test in multistep genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Relying on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis with IS6110 (IS6110 RFLP analysis) as a "gold standard," we performed a comparative evaluation of spoligotyping and ligation-mediated PCR (LMPCR), a recently described PCR-based typing method, as rapid screening tests for fingerprinting of 158 M. tuberculosis strains collected in Verona, Italy. LMPCR seemed to be comparable to spoligotyping in terms both of feasibility with rapidly extracted DNA and of generation of software-analyzable images. Moreover, LMPCR grouped considerably fewer strains than spoligotyping (38 versus 67%) and was found to reduce the cluster overestimation rate (26.3 versus 58%) and to give a better discriminatory index (0.992 versus 0.970) compared to spoligotyping. In our geographical region, where there was no evidence of clustered strains carrying fewer than six IS6110 copies, LMPCR was found to be more discriminatory than spoligotyping. We also evaluated two models of three-step typing strategies, involving the use of spoligotyping and LMPCR as screening methods and IS6110 RFLP analysis as a further supporting test. LMPCR proved to be a more effective first-step test than spoligotyping, significantly reducing the need for subtyping. LMPCR should be considered an alternative to spoligotyping as a rapid screening method for M. tuberculosis fingerprinting, particularly in areas with a low prevalence of M. tuberculosis strains carrying few copies of IS6110. 相似文献
6.
Circulating CD26 is negatively associated with inflammation in human and experimental arthritis 下载免费PDF全文
Busso N Wagtmann N Herling C Chobaz-Péclat V Bischof-Delaloye A So A Grouzmann E 《The American journal of pathology》2005,166(2):433-442
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV, CD26), a protease-cleaving N-terminal X-Pro dipeptide from selected proteins including some chemokines, is expressed both as a soluble form in plasma and on the cell surface of various immune and nonimmune cell types. To gain insights into the pathophysiological role of CD26 in arthritis, we explored DPPIV/CD26 expression during murine antigen-induced arthritis (AIA), an experimental model of arthritis. AIA induction led to reduced plasma DPPIV activity. In CD26-deficient mice, the severity of AIA was increased as assessed by enhanced technetium uptake and by increased histological parameters of inflammation (synovial thickness and exudate). We demonstrated that CD26 controls the in vivo half-life of the intact active form of the proinflammatory chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1). CD26-deficient mice exhibited increased levels of circulating active SDF-1, associated with increased numbers of SDF-1 receptor (CXCR4)-positive cells infiltrating arthritic joints. In a clinical study, plasma levels of DPPIV/CD26 from rheumatoid arthritis patients were significantly decreased when compared to those from osteoarthritis patients and inversely correlate with C-reactive protein levels. In conclusion, decreased circulating CD26 levels in arthritis may influence CD26-mediated regulation of the chemotactic SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. 相似文献
7.
Grainger DW Pavon-Djavid G Migonney V Josefowicz M 《Journal of biomaterials science. Polymer edition》2003,14(9):973-988
Surfaces of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were exposed to buffered aqueous solutions containing radio-labeled human fibronectin ([125I]Fn), Fn/bovine serum albumin (BSA) binary mixtures of various ratios or whole human plasma dilutions for 1 h. Total adsorbed Fn and albumin adsorption following rinsing was quantified on this surface. 125I-labeled monoclonal antibodies against either the tenth type-III Fn repeat unit (containing the cell-binding RGDS integrin recognition motif) or the Fn amino-terminal domain were used to probe the accessibility of each of these respective Fn regions post-adsorption. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured on PTFE surfaces pre-exposed to each of these protein adsorption conditions and compared to identical conditions on tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). Fn adsorption to PTFE is dependent upon the concentration of albumin co-adsorbing from solution: albumin out-competes Fn for PTFE surface sites even at non-physiological Fn/HSA ratios 10-100-fold biased in Fn. Antibodies against Fn do not readily recognize Fn adsorbed on PTFE as the HSA co-adsorption concentration in either binary mixtures or in plasma increases, indicating albumin masking of adsorbed Fn. At Fn/HSA ratios rich in Fn (1:1, 1:100), albumin co-adsorption actually improves anti-Fn antibody recognition of adsorbed Fn. HUVEC attachment efficiency to PTFE after protein adsorption correlates with amounts of Fn adsorbed and levels of anti-Fn antibody recognition of Fn on PTFE, linking cell attachment to integrin recognition of both adsorbed Fn density and Fn adsorbed conformation on PTFE surfaces. 相似文献
8.
Testing genotypic and phenotypic resistance in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates of clade B and other clades from children failing antiretroviral therapy 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5 下载免费PDF全文
9.
Stevenaert F Van Beneden K De Creus A Debacker V Plum J Leclercq G 《Journal of leukocyte biology》2003,73(6):731-738
Using a new antibody, we found previously that contrary to adult natural killer (NK) cells, fetal NK cells have a unique phenotype, as they exclusively express Ly49E. This can be explained by an intrinsic different NK differentiation potential of fetal versus adult lymphoid progenitors, by immaturity of fetal NK cells or by instability of Ly49E expression. Here, we show that adult progenitor cells were still capable of differentiating into Ly49E-expressing NK cells but at a much lower frequency. Surprisingly, Ly49E expression in vitro did not require stromal cells. Kinetic analysis in vivo showed that Ly49E was expressed early, together with CD94/NKG2 and Ly49G2, followed by Ly49C, and finally Ly49D. Transfer of sorted Ly49E-positive fetal NK cells showed stable Ly49E expression, and later, part of these cells up-regulated other Ly49 members. These data indicate that although there are intrinsic differences, there is no strict fetal and adult wave of NK cell differentiation. 相似文献
10.
Thuillier L Rostane H Droin V Demaugre F Brivet M Kadhom N Prip-Buus C Gobin S Saudubray JM Bonnefont JP 《Human mutation》2003,21(5):493-501
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2) deficiency, the most common inherited disease of the mitochondrial long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) oxidation, may result in distinct clinical phenotypes, namely a mild adult muscular form and a severe hepatocardiomuscular disease with an onset in the neonatal period or in infancy. In order to understand the mechanisms underlying the difference in severity between these phenotypes, we analyzed a cohort of 20 CPT2-deficient patients being affected either with the infantile (seven patients) or the adult onset form of the disease (13 patients). Using a combination of direct sequencing and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, 13 CPT2 mutations were identified, including five novel ones, namely: 371G>A (R124Q), 437A>C (N146T), 481C>T (R161W), 983A>G (D328G), and 1823G>C (D608H). After updating the spectrum of CPT2 mutations (n=39) and genotypes (n=38) as well as their consequences on CPT2 activity and LCFA oxidation, it appears that both the type and location of CPT2 mutations and one or several additional genetic factors to be identified would modulate the LCFA flux and therefore the severity of the disease. 相似文献