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1.
J Pillet P Mercier P Cronier P Moreau F Lescalie J M Chevalier B Enon J F Jaeger C Caron Poitreau D Rieux 《Bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes》1986,70(210):69-74
The isolated azygos continuation of the inferior vena cave is a very rare variation of this organ. It is accompanied by the absence of the retrohepatic segment of the vena cava with two new observations, the literature is revised and the origin discussed. 相似文献
2.
Theodor Leber grew up in Heidelberg as the son of a professor of Romance languages. Initially he planned to study natural sciences. Bunsen's advice led him to medicine. During his studies he succeeded in solving a competition problem posed by Helmholtz in the medical department. A short period of practical work in the eye hospital of Knapp was unsatisfactory. In Vienna with the physiologist Carl Ludwig, he was able in 1863/64, at the age of only 24 years, to demonstrate the blood circulation of the eye by color injections into the arteries and veins. Since that time the schematic drawings of his results can be found in every textbook of ophthalmology. On the occasion of the congress of the German Ophthalmological Society in Heidelberg in 1864, Theodor Leber reported on these findings and met with immense approval. In 1864–67 he followed an invitation as coworker of Liebreich to Paris; in 1867 he became A.v. Graefe's coworker in Berlin; in 1871 he moved to Göttingen, which became the first eye clinic with a laboratory for experimental investigations.The second epoch-making discovery accomplished by Leber was the detection of the fluid exchange in the eye. These results have also been confirmed by modern methods. Therefore, Theodor Leber can be called the father of experimental ophthalmology. 相似文献
3.
4.
A study is reported of the utilization of non-clinical institutional care (geriatric and old people's homes) by the elderly inhabitants of Mannheim (pop. 306,000). The aim of the research was to establish the probability of admission to institutional care of an elderly person from this population, and to examine the influence of socio-demographic features. Under the West German health insurance system, most of the long-stay care of the elderly is provided not in hospitals but in nursing and geriatric homes. Data were collected on age at admission, place of residence before admission, duration of stay, age at death and place of death, as well as on the financial basis of care. The data were gathered retrospectively, the sample consisting of all inhabitants of Mannheim over 65 years old who died in the year 1982 (N = 2,585). At any given time only about four per cent of the elderly population will be in institutional care. In this respect, Mannheim is typical for the Federal Republic of Germany. However, the research findings demonstrate that approximately one elderly person in five will spend the last period of his life in this type of care. Seen in this light, the geriatric and old people's homes acquire a much greater social significance than is revealed by the number of institutional places alone. 相似文献
5.
The usefulness of indices commonly used in Doppler sonography is limited; the aim of this study was to investigate if inclusion of systolic acceleration and deceleration patterns in Doppler indices will result in practical diagnostic advantages. Systolic delay time index (SDTI) and height-width index (HWI) are compared to Gosling's pulsatility index (PI) and to PI-based damping factors (DF) in patients with isolated lesions in the distal superficial femoral artery before and after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). Before PTA, all indices distal to the lesion differ significantly from proximal indices. After successful PTA, none of the indices is able to detect the PTA outcome with sufficient sensitivity. The additionally defined curve broadening index (CBI) shows a 100% sensitivity for detecting PTA success in the examined patient population. 相似文献
6.
Claus Neurohr Patrick Huppmann Hanno Leuchte Martin Schwaiblmair Iris Bittmann Gundula Jaeger Rudolf Hatz Lorenz Frey Peter Überfuhr Bruno Reichart Jürgen Behr for the Munich Lung Transplant Group 《American journal of transplantation》2005,5(12):2982-2991
Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is the limiting factor to long-term survival after lung transplantation. Previous studies suggested respiratory viral tract infections are associated with the development of BOS. To identify the impact of virus detection in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, we analyzed BAL samples from 87 consecutive lung transplant recipients for human herpesvirus (HHV)-6, Epstein-Barr virus, Herpes simplex virus 1/2, Cytomegalovirus, respiratory syncytical virus and adenovirus by PCR. Acute rejection, BOS and death were recorded for a mean follow-up time of 3.27 +/- 0.47 years. Results of PCR analysis and other potential risk factors were entered into a Cox regression analysis of BOS predictors and death. Only acute rejection was a distinct risk factor for BOS of all stages, death and death from BOS. HHV-6 was detected in 20 patients. Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that HHV-6 was associated with an increased risk to develop BOS > orb = stage 1 and death, separate from the risk attributable to acute rejection. Identification of HHV-6 DNA in BAL fluid is a potential risk factor for BOS. Our results warrant further studies to elucidate a possible causal link between HHV-6 and BOS. 相似文献
7.
Hess B; Hasler-Strub U; Ackermann D; Jaeger P 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》1997,12(7):1362-1368
BACKGROUND: Metabolic evaluation in recurrent idiopathic calcium renal
stone-formers (RCSF) was analysed with respect to the following questions:
(1) do three 24-h urines provide more diagnostic accuracy in the metabolic
evaluation of RCSF than 1 or 2 urines?; (2) does time after stone event
influence the diagnostic yield?; (3) is urine composition at weekends
different from that at mid-week?; (4) what are the prevalences of the most
important risk factors (RF) of idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis, i.e. low
volume (LV), hypercalciuria (HC), hyperoxaluria (HO), hyperuricosuria (HU),
hypocitraturia (Hypo-Cit), and hypomagnesiuria (Hypo-Mg)?; and (5) do male
RCSF differ from females with respect to urinary RFs? METHODS: Seventy-five
RCSF (59 men, 16 women) collected three 24-h urines (U1-3) while on
free-choice diet. To account for possible variations in lifestyle and diet,
U1 and U3 had to be collected midweek and U2 at a weekend. RESULTS: When
considering all three urines together (U1 + U2 + U3), the number of RF
abnormalities/patient was 2.8 +/- 0.1, higher than numbers of any
combination of two urines or of any single urine (P = 0.0001 for all
comparisons). The number of RF abnormalities also rose with time after
stone event, from 0.8 +/- 0.1 (range 0-4) in U1 to 1.1 +/- 0.1 (range 0- 4)
in U3 (P = 0.011 vs U1). Whereas all other RF did not change between
collections, urine volume was lower in U2 (1793 +/- 90 ml) than in U1 (2071
+/- 97 ml, P = 0.0001 vs U2) and U3 (1946 +/- 97 ml, P = 0.046 vs U2). At
least 1 abnormality was found in 85.3% of all RCSF, and multiple
abnormalities occurred in 47%. The most frequent RF was HC (39%), followed
by HO and LV (32% each), Hypo-Cit (29%), HU (23%) and Hypo-Mg (19%). Males
more often had Hypo-Cit (P < 0.001) and Hypo-Mg (P < 0.01) than
females, whereas HO was more frequent in female RCSF (P < 0.025 vs
males). CONCLUSIONS: Diagnostic accuracy of metabolic evaluation in RCSF
increases both with the number of urines collected and the time passing
after a stone event. Urines collected at weekends differ from those of the
week only by their lower volumes. Abnormalities of RF for calcium
nephrolithiasis can be detected in 85.3% of RCSF, and HC is the most common
RF both in male and female RCSF.
相似文献
8.
H Saxenhofer J Scheidegger C Descoeudres P Jaeger F F Horber 《Clinical nephrology》1992,38(4):219-223
Loss of muscle mass and altered body fat distribution (i.e. increased central fat stores in the presence of normal peripheral fat stores) have been reported in patients on hemodialysis (HD), when compared to normal volunteers. Whether treatment of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) would alter body composition in a different manner than HD is unknown. To answer this question, two groups (n = 11 each) of male patients with ESRD (matched for age, residual renal function, body weight and body height as well as physical activity) were studied. Muscle mass and body fat distribution were assessed using computed tomography. Mid-thigh muscle area, peripheral and central fat stores were similar between the two groups of dialysis patients. In both patient groups muscle mass and fat stores were independent of duration of dialysis, age, daily protein intake and residual renal function. In CAPD-patients mid-thigh muscle area was correlated with plasma albumin (r = 0.56, p < 0.05), while serum cholesterol level was correlated with mediastinal fat area (r = 0.81, p < 0.01). The present results indicate that both treatment modalities of ESRD (HD vs CAPD) result in similar changes of body composition. Despite continuous glucose loading in CAPD-patients, neither central nor peripheral fat stores are increased in these subjects compared with HD treated patients. 相似文献
9.
Intraluminal cyclosporine A reduces capsular thickness around silicone implants in rats 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
One theory of the cause of connective tissue capsule formation around silicone mammary prostheses is based on an immunological interaction. In an in vitro pilot study, it is shown that intraluminal cyclosporine A, a potent T-lymphocyte-specific immunosuppressive agent, can diffuse slowly through the outer shell of a standard double-lumen silicone breast implant. Round silicone tissue expanders containing 50 mg of cyclosporine A were implanted subcutaneously in 10 rats. Ten animals served as controls. Evaluation was performed after three months. A significant decrease in collagen capsular thickness of 21.6 +/- 5.4 microns (mean +/- standard deviation was measured histomorphometrically in the treated group compared with 39.6 +/- 8.6 microns in the control group (p less than 0.001). 相似文献
10.
C Constantinides F Recker W Bruehlmann G von Schulthess N Goebel C Zollikofer P Jaeger D Hauri 《Urologia internationalis》1991,47(4):181-185
During 1986 and 1987, 47 patients with renal cell carcinoma were evaluated preoperatively with CT, angiography and MRI. The preoperative tumor stage (T), lymph node metastases and venous involvement determined with the three methods were compared to the operative and histopathological findings. For T stage, angiography proved less accurate (54%) than CT (64%) or MRI (63%). MRI was found to be superior to CT in assessing lymph nodes, with an overall accuracy of 89% and sensitivity of 100% compared to 77 and 60%, respectively, of CT. For venous involvement CT was overall more accurate (74%) than angiography (65%) or MRI (63%). All three methods expressed a low sensitivity (between 31 and 41%) and a high specificity (between 95 and 100%) for detecting venous involvement. The minimal advantages of MRI compared to its high cost do not justify its routine use. CT remains the method of choice in staging preoperatively renal cell carcinoma. 相似文献