全文获取类型
收费全文 | 383篇 |
免费 | 16篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
儿科学 | 9篇 |
妇产科学 | 5篇 |
基础医学 | 70篇 |
口腔科学 | 1篇 |
临床医学 | 13篇 |
内科学 | 152篇 |
皮肤病学 | 7篇 |
神经病学 | 11篇 |
特种医学 | 2篇 |
外科学 | 38篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 5篇 |
药学 | 45篇 |
肿瘤学 | 47篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 5篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 15篇 |
2018年 | 15篇 |
2017年 | 10篇 |
2016年 | 11篇 |
2015年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 10篇 |
2013年 | 11篇 |
2012年 | 20篇 |
2011年 | 20篇 |
2010年 | 18篇 |
2009年 | 13篇 |
2008年 | 28篇 |
2007年 | 20篇 |
2006年 | 20篇 |
2005年 | 20篇 |
2004年 | 27篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 23篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 11篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 6篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有406条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
Hisako Tanaka Tadakazu Shimoda Ken Uchida Teruo Suzuki Eisei Ishikawa 《Pathology international》1986,36(10):1455-1468
Lymphocyte subsets in the tumor nests of breast carcinoma were immunohistochemically investigated and a quantitative analysis was added. The majority of cases showed predominance of T cell and suppressor T cell (T8). A decrease in number of lymphocyte subsets and the helper T (T4)/T8 ratio in the stroma of tumor nests correlated well with the progression of clinical stage and the presence of metastasis. This correlation could not be found in the peripheral region of the tumor nests. Macrophages and NK cells were infrequently observed only in the peripheral region of ductal carcinoma. T cell infiltration was prominent in medullary carcinoma with lymphocyte infiltration (MC), and macrophages, NK cells, and T zone histiocytes were frequently encountered. For the purpose of knowing the activity of T cells, IL-2 receptor (Tac) and transferrin receptor were examined irnmunohistochemically. The fact that a few activated T cells were found only in the peripheral region of tumor nest suggested the local immune response in ductal carcinoma not to be so active as to reject the tumor cells. Since numerous activated T cells were recognized in the tumor nests of MC, this type of breast carcinoma was thought to have a higher immune reactivity. There was little evidence indicating NK cells to play a role for natural cytotoxicity in breast carcinoma. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 36 1455-1468, 1968 相似文献
3.
Shigeki Sekine Tadakazu Shimoda Satoshi Nimura Yukihiro Nakanishi Takayuki Akasu Hitoshi Katai Takuji Gotoda Tatsuhiro Shibata Michiie Sakamoto Setsuo Hirohashi 《Modern pathology》2004,17(11):1421-1426
We report a patient with familial adenomatous polyposis who developed high-grade dysplasia against a background of fundic gland polyposis. Two large high-grade dysplasia lesions were found in the gastric body, where numerous fundic gland polyps were present. In both lesions, the dysplastic epithelium covered non-neoplastic oxyntic glands that occasionally exhibit cystic changes. A genetic analysis for APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) revealed a somatic 50-bp deletion involving codons 1502-1517 and 2-bp deletion at codon 1465 in each lesion of high-grade dysplasia. In contrast, six of the 18 fundic gland polyps were found to harbor an identical mutation: 1-bp insertion at codon 1556. Both lesions of high-grade dysplasia and the fundic gland polyps were similarly located in the fundic gland area and were caused by the inactivation of APC; however, their mutation profiles of APC were different. These results imply that fundic gland polyps and high-grade dysplasia of the stomach have distinct preferences for APC genotypes in their development. 相似文献
4.
Tadakazu Shimoda Shokan Tanoue Masahiro Ikegami Yasuhiro Fujii Tetsuya Muroya Eisei Ishikawa 《Pathology international》1983,33(6):1259-1267
The present study includes a histopathological and immunohistochemical study of 4 cases of diffuse hyperplasia of gastric argyrophil cells. The mode of proliferation of these cells and the production of hormone by these cells have been documented. The distribution of microacinar nests composed of argyrophil cells was thought to be related to chronic gastritis in which there are atrophy of mucosa and intestinal metaplasia. In the case in which these nests were found only in the corpus ventriculi, there was intestinal metaplasia throughout the stomach. On the other hand, in the case in which these nests appeared only in the pyloric area, atrophy of the mucosa with mild intestinal metaplasia was observed only in the pyloric area. The microacinar nests composed of argyrophil cells were distributed in the deep mucosa at the basal portion of the glands in the area with intestinal metaplasia. Serial sections revealed a sprout composed of argyrophil cells budding from the gland with intestinal metaplastic changes. The sprout buds out from the growth zone of glands with Intestinal metaplasia and then becomes isolated and gives rise to reactive hyperplasia. The peptide hormone contained in these cells differs according to the mucosal environments. Cells containing gastrin were observed in the pyloric area, but not in the corpus ventriculi where there was marked intestinal metaplasia. The cells in this area were assumed to contain other hormones. 相似文献
5.
Mitsuru Itoh Toshiyuki Kitano Mitsumasa Watanabe Tadakazu Kondo Takeshi Yabu Yoshimitu Taguchi Kazuya Iwai Masaro Tashima Takashi Uchiyama Toshiro Okazaki 《Clinical cancer research》2003,9(1):415-423
We investigated the possibility of the proapoptotic lipid ceramide as an indicator of chemoresistance in leukemia. Doxorubicin (DOX) increased the ceramide level and apoptosis in drug-sensitive HL-60 cells but not in drug-resistant HL-60/ADR cells, under the condition that the uptake of DOX was not different between the two cell lines. In addition, exogenous N-acetylsphingosine (C2-ceramide) enhanced DOX-induced apoptosis in HL-60/ADR cells without affecting the expression of multidrug resistant-1 protein (MDR 1) and the uptake of DOX. A lower level of ceramide with higher activities of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) and sphingomyelin synthase (SMS) was detected in HL-60/ADR cells than in HL-60 cells. In contrast, HL-60/GCS cells, overexpressing GCS, significantly inhibited DOX-induced ceramide increase and apoptosis. These observations suggest the involvement of ceramide regulation in drug resistance of leukemia cells. In vivo, the level of ceramide was lower in chemoresistant leukemia patients (6.4 +/- 1.8 pmol/nmol phosphate; n = 14) than in chemosensitive patients (9.5 +/- 2.7 pmol/nmol phosphate; n = 9), and the activities of GCS and SMS were more than 2-fold higher in chemoresistant leukemia cells than in chemosensitive cells. MDR-1 protein was faintly expressed in one of four chemoresistant patients, but Bcl-2 were clearly detected in four patients. Therefore, it is suggested that a decrease of the ceramide level via activation of GCS and SMS is associated with the chemoresistant condition in leukemia, probably in relation to Bcl-2 but not to MDR-1 expression. 相似文献
6.
7.
Yamazaki T Asanoi H Ueno H Yamada K Takagawa J Kameyama T Hirai T Nozawa T Inoue H 《Clinical and experimental hypertension (New York, N.Y. : 1993)》2005,27(2-3):241-249
The present study was designed to develop a method to continuously measure Holter electrocardiogram (ECG) and physical activity in terms of metabolic costs to examine circadian dynamics of RR intervals and physical activity in patients with heart failure. A total of 7 healthy subjects and 3 heart failure patients performed cardiopulmonary exercise test using four-stage graded treadmill walking at 0% grade to examine whether the acceleration signals in the vertical direction could reflect actual body energy expenditure during physical activity. Then, using this new method, 24-hr monitorings of ECG and physical activity were performed in 24 inpatients with heart failure while they were allowed to walk around freely. Our results showed the integral of rectified acceleration signals was closely correlated with actual metabolic cost in all subjects. Instantaneous changes in heart rate were quite concordant with physical activity. As compared with the asymptomatic patients (n = 12), the symptomatic patients (n = 12) had lower energy expenditure during 8-hr daytime periods but higher mean heart rate. Furthermore, a more prominent ultradian rhythm of circadian changes in heart rate and physical activity was found in 50% of all subjects studied. The simultaneous analysis of Holter ECG and physical activity as the same time series revealed that in patients with heart failure, sympathovagal balance shifted toward sympathotonic conditions and their physical activity could become subject to intrinsic ultradian dynamics of body's homeostasis. 相似文献
8.
HBME‐1 and CD15 immunocytochemistry in the follicular variant of thyroid papillary carcinoma
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Pathology international》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Makoto Ohta Tadakazu Ookoshi Hironobu Naiki Yoshiaki Imamura 《Pathology international》2015,65(3):119-125
Papillary carcinoma is the most common thyroid malignancy. As the cytological diagnosis of papillary carcinoma is not difficult in patients with the usual type of lesion, fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is an effective method for preoperative evaluation. However, this modality is often ineffective in identifying the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) due to its similarity to other follicular lesions and the incompleteness of typical nuclear features. Therefore, we investigated the expression of immunocytochemical markers of papillary carcinoma in cytological specimens of FVPTC and evaluated their utilities. The immunoreactivity of HBME‐1 and CD15 was investigated using 50 imprint smear cytological specimens obtained from thyroid lesions, including 13 FVPTC. The sensitivity and specificity of HBME‐1 for FVPTC were 92% and 89%, respectively, while those of CD15 were 23% and 100%, respectively. In conclusion, HBME‐1 is a sensitive marker of papillary carcinoma, including both usual type and FVPTC, in cytological specimens. Therefore, using HBME‐1 immunocytochemistry in FNA cytology will lead to reduction of the incidence of false‐negative diagnoses of FVPTC. Although CD15 is apparently inferior in terms of sensitivity for FVPTC, its excellent specificity will support the definitive diagnosis of thyroid malignancies, including FVPTC, after screening with HBME‐1. 相似文献
9.
Miyoshi Jun Ozaki Ryo Yonezawa Hiromi Mori Hideaki Kawamura Naohiro Matsuura Minoru Hisamatsu Tadakazu 《Journal of gastroenterology》2022,57(2):82-89
Journal of Gastroenterology - The development of feasible, reliable parameters and criteria for intestinal ultrasound (IUS) to estimate endoscopic remission of ulcerative colitis (UC) is a crucial... 相似文献