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排序方式: 共有360条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
B Ljungberg G Holmberg J G Sj?din S O Hietala R Stenling 《The Journal of urology》1990,143(4):797-799
We report a case of renal cell carcinoma within a simple renal cyst in the lower pole of the right kidney. Excretory urography showed a mass and ultrasonography revealed multiple renal cysts with a solid component arising from the wall in 1. This finding also was visualized by computerized tomography. Analysis of the cystic fluid showed a high cholesterol level but negative cytological results. At operation a 7 mm. tumor arose from the wall of the cyst. Histopathological examination showed grade 3 renal cell carcinoma with an aneuploid deoxyribonucleic acid content. 相似文献
2.
Kalevi Laitinen David Sinclair Maria Nurmi Reija Hietala Heikki Kröger Kalervo Kiianmaa Mikko Salaspuro 《Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research》1992,16(5):875-880
Previous work has shown that calcitonin inhibits eating by rats and that it affects several neurotransmitter systems suspected to play a role in alcohol consumption. The present study was an initial test of whether calcitonin does affect voluntary alcohol consumption by male Wistar rats with prolonged alcohol experience. Calcitonin (20 IU/kg) or saline was injected subcutaneously on 10 consecutive days when the rats (n = 20) had continual access to 10% (v/v) ethanol solution, and to food and water. Using a cross-over design, the effects of 40 IU/kg calcitonin vs. saline were then examined in a second 10-day treatment period. Similar patterns of effects were obtained with both calcitonin doses, but the patterns differed with alcohol, food, and water intake. Alcohol drinking showed biphasic changes with both doses, producing highly significant Treatment x Day interactions (p < 1E-10 and p = 6E-7): it was significantly reduced on the first day of calcitonin treatment and significantly increased on the last few days. Food intake was reduced on all calcitonin days although most markedly on the first. Water drinking was not altered on the first calcitonin day, but was greatly increased on the second, then gradually returned toward the baseline. In a second experiment, the animals were switched to 1 hr of alcohol access per day, and calcitonin (20 IU/kg) was administered periodically to one group 4 hr before the alcohol access. Alcohol drinking was significantly reduced in all cases when the calcitonin injection was preceded by at least 1 day without calcitonin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
3.
Esa-Pekka P?lvim?ki Hannu Majasuo Erkka Syv?lahti Jarmo Hietala 《Pharmacological research》2005,51(5):419-425
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) bind directly to various neurotransmitter receptors. The clinical effects of SSRIs appear gradually during weeks of treatment, suggesting a role for adaptive changes in neurotransmitter receptors. Most clinically used antidepressants, e.g. fluoxetine, bind to 5-HT2C receptors. When administered chronically, many antidepressants elicit adaptive regulation of 5-HT2C receptors. The present study was conducted in order to determine the effects of acute and chronic fluoxetine and citalopram treatments on the density and function of 5-HT2C receptors in the rat choroid plexus. Acute and chronic treatments followed by phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis assays and quantitative receptor autoradiography were performed. Acute (single-dose) treatment with neither drug significantly affected basal or 5-HT-stimulated PI hydrolysis, but acute citalopram (20 mg/kg) treatment increased both agonist and antagonist binding to 5-HT(2C) receptors. Chronic (14 days) citalopram treatment (20 mg/kg) increased the maximal PI hydrolysis response by 40%, but fluoxetine lacked this effect. The present data suggest that sensitisation of 5-HT2C receptor-mediated intracellular signal transduction may play a role in the effects of citalopram. In contrast, fluoxetine treatment does not functionally sensitise 5-HT2C receptors. Thus, functional 5-HT2C receptor sensitisation is not a common effect of antidepressants, but the differential effects may explain some of the pharmacodynamic differences seen with these drugs, especially upon repeated administration. 相似文献
4.
Hallikainen T Lachman H Saito T Volavka J Kauhanen J Salonen JT Ryynänen OP Koulu M Karvonen MK Pohjalainen T Syvälahti E Hietala J Tiihonen J 《American journal of medical genetics》2000,96(3):348-352
Addictive drugs, including ethanol, increase the brain's dopaminergic transmission, and catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) enzyme has a crucial role in dopamine inactivation. A common functional polymorphism in the COMT gene results in a three- to four-fold variation in enzyme activity. In a previous study, we found an association between type 1 (with late-onset but without prominent antisocial behavior) alcoholism and the low activity allele of the COMT gene. In this work we analyzed whether the COMT polymorphism has any effect on the development of type 2 (with early-onset and habitual impulsive violent behavior) alcoholism. The COMT genotype was determined in 62 impulsive violent recidivist offenders with early-onset (type 2) alcoholism, 123 late-onset nonviolent (type 1) alcoholics, and 267 race and gender-matched controls. The allele and genotype frequencies of these groups were compared with each other and also with previously published data from 3,140 Finnish blood donors. The type 2 alcoholics did not differ from either the blood donors or the controls. The low activity (L) allele frequency was higher among type 1 alcoholics (chi(2) = 4.98, P = 0.026) when compared with type 2 cases. The odds ratio for type 1 alcoholism as compared with type 2 alcoholism for those subjects with the LL genotype versus the HH genotype was 3.0 (95% confidence interval 1.1-8.4, P = 0.017). The results suggest that COMT genotype has no major role in the development of early-onset alcoholism with severe antisocial behavior. 相似文献
5.
6.
Hietala EM Maasilta P Välimaa T Harjula AL Törmälä P Salminen US Lassila R 《Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A》2003,67(3):785-791
Despite modern stent technology and effective antiplatelet therapy, metallic stents carry the risk of (sub)acute thrombosis. Our aim was to examine short-term differences in platelet deposition and coagulation activation between biodegradable polylactide (PLA), heparin-polycaprolactone-L-lactide-coated polylactide (hepa-P(CL95/L-LA5)-PLA), and stainless steel (SS) stent struts. Gel-filtered platelets (GFP) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) were labeled with 10 nM (3)H-serotonin. Platelet deposition was measured after incubation of the stent struts in human serum albumin-coated wells at 37 degrees C in either GFP or PRP. Platelet morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For coagulation activation, the stent struts were incubated in either PRP or platelet-poor plasma (PPP), anticoagulated with D-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-L-arginine chloromethyl ketone (PPACK), followed by measurement of fibrinogen, thrombin time (TT), prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), and thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT). SS showed adherence of larger amounts of GFPs than did PLA at a platelet density of 300 x 10(6)/mL (p < 0.05). Furthermore, representative SEM studies showed more platelet spreading on SS than on PLA stent struts. Between PLA and SS, coagulation activity did not differ at any assessment. Based on prolonged TT values in plasma, the heparin coating strongly inhibited coagulation (p < 0.05). The values of soluble TAT and F1+2 for PLA were similar to those of controls, i.e., to incubated suspensions without a stent strut. In conclusion, when compared with stainless steel, both PLA and hepa-P(CL95/L-LA5)-PLA appear hemocompatible as intravascular stent materials. 相似文献
7.
Järvinen O Hietala M Aalto AM Arvio M Uutela A Aula P Kääriäinen H 《Clinical genetics》2000,58(6):447-454
Genetic carrier testing of children is usually not recommended. However, there are no data concerning long-term psychological consequences, experience, and satisfaction of those tested as well as their recall of the test results. We evaluated these items retrospectively 10–24 years after carrier testing performed in childhood. Study material comprised 25 families with aspatylglucosaminuria (AGU), an autosomal recessive disorder, with 35 healthy sibs from all parts of Finland tested for carriership during childhood between 1973 and 1987. Of these sibs, 25 participated in our study. The questionnaire comprised multiple-choice and open-ended questions. The psychosocial well-being of the study subjects measured by the RAND 36 item Health Survey 1.0 (RAND) was, in general, at least as good as that of controls, and showed no significant differences between carriers and non-carriers (p>0.154). All tested individuals were satisfied with the fact that they had been tested and stated that the decision to perform carrier testing on a child can be made by the parents. Of the 25 tested, 23 knew and understood their test result correctly at the time of our study. Most of the tested individuals (60%) stated that the best time for carrier testing would be in the childhood or in the teen years.
This study indicates that carrier testing in childhood for an autosomal recessive disorder (AGU) had caused no measurable disturbance of quality of life in adulthood, and those tested reported being satisfied. However, we do not recommend testing in childhood, as the result is not needed prior to the time for reproductive decisions. 相似文献
This study indicates that carrier testing in childhood for an autosomal recessive disorder (AGU) had caused no measurable disturbance of quality of life in adulthood, and those tested reported being satisfied. However, we do not recommend testing in childhood, as the result is not needed prior to the time for reproductive decisions. 相似文献
8.
Esa-Pekka Pälvimäki Aki Laakso Mikko Kuoppamäki Erkka Syvälahti Jarmo Hietala 《Psychopharmacology》1994,115(4):543-546
Quantitative receptor autoradiography was used to study the effects of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors citalopram and fluoxetine and the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine on the regulation of 1-adrenergic receptors in the rat brain. Rats were treated with saline, citalopram (10 mg kg–1), fluoxetine (10 mg kg–1), or imipramine (15 mg kg–1) SC once daily for 14 days. [125I]Iodocyanopindolol binding to 1-adrenergic receptors was found to increase significantly in the caudate-putamen and the somatosensory areas of the frontal cortex after both citalopram and fluoxetine treatments. Imipramine treatment elicited a marked decrease in 1 binding in the outer laminae of the cingulate cortex, as well as in the motor and somatosensory areas of the frontal cortex. In a separate experiment, rats were treated with saline, citalopram (2.5, 10 and 20 mg kg–1) or fluoxetine (2.5, 10 and 20 mg kg–1) SC once daily for 14 days. The effects of citalopram and fluoxetine on 1 receptors in the somatosensory cortex and caudate-putamen were replicated. These results demonstrate that chronic administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, in contrast to imipramine, can cause a regional up-regulation of 1-adrenergic receptors in the rat brain. 相似文献
9.
Striatal dopamine transporter binding in neuroleptic-naive patients with schizophrenia studied with positron emission tomography 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Laakso A Vilkman H Alakare B Haaparanta M Bergman J Solin O Peurasaari J Räkköläinen V Syvälahti E Hietala J 《The American journal of psychiatry》2000,157(2):269-271
OBJECTIVE: Recent in vivo imaging studies indicate a dysregulated presynaptic function of the striatal dopaminergic system in patients with schizophrenia. To further explore the basis of this phenomenon, the authors studied brain dopamine transporter binding in vivo in patients with first-episode, never-medicated schizophrenia. METHOD: Nine patients with schizophrenia and nine healthy matched comparison subjects were recruited. Striatal dopamine transporter binding was measured with positron emission tomography and a specific dopamine transporter ligand, [(18)F]CFT, a radiolabeled form of 2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-fluorophenyl)tropane. RESULTS: Average caudate and putamen dopamine transporter binding potentials were almost identical in the patients and comparison subjects, but the patients lacked the right-left asymmetry of the caudate dopamine transporter binding seen in the comparison group. CONCLUSIONS: Average striatal dopamine transporter density is unaltered in neuroleptic-naive patients with schizophrenia. However, patients lack asymmetry in caudate dopamine transporter binding, which conforms with disrupted brain lateralization in this disorder. 相似文献
10.
We report two cases highlighting the diversity of vagal nerve stimulation (VNS)‐related effects on voice and breathing in patients with refractory epilepsy. The patients had both implantation and stimulation‐related side effects, which lasted for several months, impacting on their quality of life. The adverse effects appear to be due to recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis‐related vocal cord hypofunction and stimulation‐related vocal fold spasms, however, their inter‐relationship is complex. In one of the patients, we were able to utilize the novel programming capabilities of the VNS device to reduce the laryngeal side effects without compromising therapeutic efficacy. [Published with video sequences]. 相似文献