全文获取类型
收费全文 | 372篇 |
免费 | 26篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 5篇 |
儿科学 | 11篇 |
妇产科学 | 2篇 |
基础医学 | 85篇 |
口腔科学 | 3篇 |
临床医学 | 26篇 |
内科学 | 77篇 |
神经病学 | 64篇 |
特种医学 | 8篇 |
外科学 | 45篇 |
综合类 | 7篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 12篇 |
眼科学 | 10篇 |
药学 | 23篇 |
中国医学 | 4篇 |
肿瘤学 | 15篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 10篇 |
2021年 | 29篇 |
2020年 | 13篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 9篇 |
2017年 | 10篇 |
2016年 | 20篇 |
2015年 | 18篇 |
2014年 | 20篇 |
2013年 | 18篇 |
2012年 | 28篇 |
2011年 | 22篇 |
2010年 | 14篇 |
2009年 | 5篇 |
2008年 | 14篇 |
2007年 | 14篇 |
2006年 | 12篇 |
2005年 | 5篇 |
2004年 | 9篇 |
2003年 | 9篇 |
2002年 | 2篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 3篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有398条查询结果,搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
2.
N R Ghatak W W Campbell R H Lippman M G Hadfield 《Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology》1986,45(4):385-395
Morphologic study of the spinal cord of a patient with generalized motor deficits revealed changes in the anterior horns characterized by the selective loss of large motor neurons, gliosis and the abnormal accumulation of 10 nm filaments which appeared as argyrophilic spheroids in the perikarya and axons of motor neurons. The ventral roots were predominantly affected and showed a variable loss of axons. The remaining axons displayed prominent onion-bulb formations, frequent axonal sprouting and occasionally evidence of active demyelination. The coexistence of a demyelinating motor radiculopathy and anterior horn changes simulating those of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may contribute to our understanding of the unresolved question of whether the neuronal perikaryon or its axon is the primary target in the pathogenesis of ALS. These observations also indicate that a rigid separation of pathogenetic mechanisms into neuronopathy, axonopathy and myelinopathy may not be always possible. 相似文献
3.
We present two cases of unusually large skull base paragangliomas. The first tumor was accompanied by marked bony destruction of the central skull base and multiple associated cysts. The second tumor arose along the petrous ridge, with a large intracranial component. The CT, MR imaging, angiographic, histologic, and electron microscopic findings of these unusual lesions are described. 相似文献
4.
Regulated expression of the IL-31 receptor in bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells, pulmonary fibroblasts, and pulmonary macrophages. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Randeep S Jawa Souvik Chattopadhyay Erin Tracy Yanping Wang Kristin Huntoon Merril T Dayton Heinz Baumann 《Journal of interferon & cytokine research》2008,28(4):207-219
Interleukin-31 (IL-31), an IL-6 cytokine family member, is proposed to play a role in animal models of airway hyperreactivity. It is produced by activated T cells and signals via a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of IL-31Ralpha and OSMRbeta. Only low levels of IL-31Ralpha expression have been demonstrated in pulmonary epithelial cell lines, however, and little is known about the ability to regulate its expression and signaling. Therefore, primary cultures of human bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells, pulmonary fibroblasts, pulmonary macrophages, and established lines of immortalized bronchial epithelial cells (HBE) and alveolar carcinoma cells (A549) were analyzed by RT-PCR, immunoblotting, and thymidine incorporation. Distinct, cell type-specific regulation of IL-31Ralpha expression was detected. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) enhanced IL-31Ralpha mRNA expression in primary cultures and established lines of epithelial cells, but not in macrophages. In contrast, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) induced IL-31Ralpha mRNA expression in macrophages. IL-31Ralpha protein expression was below detection threshold in primary epithelial cell cultures but was detectable in A549 cells and increased with TGF-beta treatment. In HBE and A549 cells, TGF-beta pretreatment increased IL-31-mediated Stat3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation. In A549 cells, TGF-beta magnified IL-31-dependent suppression of proliferation. The data suggest that increased IL-31Ralpha expression correlates with an enhanced response to IL-31. 相似文献
5.
Perturbation of hyaluronan interactions inhibits malignant properties of glioma cells 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《The American journal of pathology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Malignant progression of gliomas is characterized by acquisition of inappropriate growth and invasive properties. In vitro, these malignant properties are reflected in, and measured by, the ability to grow in an anchorage-independent manner and to invade artificial extracellular matrices. The results of numerous studies have suggested that the extracellular and pericellular matrix polysaccharide, hyaluronan, plays an important role in these attributes of malignant cancer cells. However, with respect to glioma cells, most studies have addressed the effect of exogenously added hyaluronan rather than the function of endogenous tumor cell-associated hyaluronan. In this study we manipulate hyaluronan-glioma cell interactions by two methods. The first is administration of small hyaluronan oligosaccharides that compete for endogenous hyaluronan polymer interactions, resulting in attenuation of hyaluronan-induced signaling. The second is overexpression of soluble hyaluronan-binding proteins that act as a competitive sink for interaction with endogenous hyaluronan, again leading to attenuated signaling. We find that both treatments inhibit anchorage-independent growth, as measured by colony formation in soft agar, and invasiveness, as measured by penetration of reconstituted basement membrane matrices. Based on our findings, we conclude that endogenous hyaluronan interactions are essential for these two fundamental malignant properties of glioma cells. 相似文献
6.
B L Tekwani L M Tripathi S Mukerjee S Gupta V C Pandey J C Katiyar S Ghatak O P Shukla 《Experimental and molecular pathology》1990,52(3):330-339
Experimental infection of golden hamsters with the hookworm, Ancylostoma ceylanicum, caused a profound decline in the hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 content. Concomitant decrease was also noticed in aminopyrine N-demethylase and benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase activities. However, aniline hydroxylase activity was only marginally elevated during the infection. Microsomal markers, viz., cytochrome b5, NADH-cytochrome-c reductase, and glucose-6-phosphatase, were not significantly altered. Hepatic tissue exhibited an accumulation of lipids, especially phospholipids, triglycerides, and cholesterol, resulting in fatty necrosis around the central vein region. Isolated hepatic microsomes showed a decrease in phosphatidylcholine content. Impairment in hepatic mixed function oxidase (MFO) activities was further confirmed by prolongation in hexobarbital sleeping time and zoxazolamine-induced paralysis. The hepatic MFO system of A. ceylanicum-infected hamsters responded qualitatively and quantitatively in a manner similar to that of control hamsters, upon stimulation with selective chemical inducers like phenobarbitone and 3-methylcholanthrene. Kinetic and in vitro substrate binding studies revealed that for aminopyrine the substrate affinity and the maximum enzyme activity (Vmax) were decreased, while for aniline the binding affinity was decreased and the binding capacity was enhanced. Results indicate specific/selective impairment of the hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 system during hookworm infection and may have many practical implications in toxicology and pharmacology. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
A dystopic neurohypophysis was noted incidentally at autopsy in a 51 -year-old man with no endocrine abnormality. The dystopic gland was situated in the upper region of the tuber cinereum and macroscopically simulated a neoplasm. The pituitary fossa contained only anterior hypophyseal elements. Review of the literature disclosed 19 such cases discovered at autopsy; 11 occurred in normal individuals with no endocrine abnormality. Radiological study revealed 145 additional cases. Except for the 6 occurrences described in normal individuals, the rest occurred in patients with anterior pituitary dysfunction. No instance of isolated diabetes insipidus has been reported due to dystopia of the neurohypophysis. Dystopia of the neurohypophysis in normal individuals should be distinguished from those occurring in patients with anterior pituitary abnormalities. The former represent a true dystopia and are not associated with perinatal injury, in contrast to the latter, which are acquired dystopias secondary to regeneration of the neurohypophysis and are associated with perinatal injury. Although anterior and posterior pituitary glands are formed by appositional growth, their development and functional status are entirely independent. Finally, the most significant clinical feature of dystopic neurohypophysis is the absence of any related symptoms and this condition should always be considered in the clinical differential diagnosis of hypothalamic lesions. In such patients, a surgical procedure may be avoided because other hypothalamic lesions, such as hamartomas and astrocytomas, are more frequently symptomatic. 相似文献
10.
Large numbers of Lewy bodies in the substantia nigra were found in a case of Alzheimer's disease. Parkinsonian symptoms were not recognized. The patient appears to be an example of an association recognized by Woodard but not yet understood. The case is discussed in the context of reported relationships between Parkinson's disease or "Lewy body disease" and dementia, on the one hand, and reports linking various forms of psychoses with an unusually high incidence of Lewy bodies, on the other. 相似文献