Synovial chondromatosis of four compartments of the knee: medial and lateral tibiofemoral spaces,patellofemoral joint and proximal tibiofibular joint

A case of synovial chondromatosis of the proximal tibiofibular joint in addition to lateral and medial tibiofemoral spaces and patellofemoral joint has been presented.     

Prefabrication of bone by vascular induction: an experimental study in rabbits.

The various methods of prefabricating flaps include vascular induction through staged transfer; pretransfer delay, expansion, and grafting; the use of alloplastic materials; and tissue bioengineering. In this experimental study, vascular induction was used to provide an axial vascular pedicle to randomly nourished tissue. Twenty-six New Zealand rabbits, ages and weights ranging between 6 months-1 year and 1.5-3.5 kg, respectively, were used. The sex difference was not considered. The deep inferior epigastric artery and vein were used to carry blood and were placed into a segment of femur to prefabricate the bone. Four weeks later, the viability of the segment of bone prefabricated by new axial pedicle was shown by scintigraphic study, and the new axial pedicle was ready for free transfer.     

The survival and recognition of Mycoplasma meleagridis grown at 37 degrees C and then maintained at room temperature

This study was made because of the difficulty of resuscitating Mycoplasma meleagridis from agar cultures received from the field. The type strain of Mm was found viable following culture at 37 degrees C for as long as 10 days and maintenance at room temperature for a further 14 days but only when few colonies were present in the original culture. It is suggested that for the satisfactory subculture of this organism the original culture on mycoplasma agar should not exceed 1 week, or no more than a few days should the colonies appear after this time, and that the period at room temperature should also not exceed 1 week. Non-viable colonies, if small, may however be recognised by immunofluorescence.     

CYP2D6 polymorphism in systemic lupus erythematosus patients

Objectives: To determine whether patients with idiopathic systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are associated with impaired CYP2D6 activity and to gain insight into whether there is an association between particular CYP2D6 genotypes and susceptibility to SLE, and whether CYP2D6 polymorphism is linked to any specific clinical features of SLE. Methods: Debrisoquine sulfate (10 mg p.o.) was given to 159 healthy volunteers and 39 idiopathic SLE patients. Genotypic assay was carried out in 80 healthy volunteers and 32 patients. A 10-ml blood sample was drawn for genotypic assay. Debrisoquine and 4-hydroxydebrisoquine were determined in 8-h urine samples. Blood samples were analysed for the presence of mutations in the CYP2D6 gene, by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) specific for CYP2D6*3 and CYP2D6*4 alleles. Results: The metabolic ratio of debrisoquine to 4-hydroxydebrisoquine ranged from 0.01 to 86.98 in healthy subjects and from 0.02 to 96 in SLE patients. We observed the poor metabolizer(PM) debrisoquine phenotype in three of 39 patients with idiopathic SLE (7.6%) and five of 159 healthy subjects (3.1%). There was no significant difference in the frequency of PM phenotypes between idiopathic SLE and healthy subjects (Fisher's exact test, P = 0.19). No significant difference in the distribution of overall genotypes and allele frequencies were observed between the two groups. No significant relationships were found between specific clinical features and the overall genotype. Conclusion: The results of this study confirm that CYP2D6 activity is not impaired in SLE and that there is no association between SLE and phenotypic CYP2D6 status. The results also showed that there was no difference in the frequency of CYP2D6A and CYP2D6B alleles between controls and patients with SLE. Received: 14 May 1998 / Accepted in revised form: 19 October 1998     

Lidocaine 10% in the endotracheal tube cuff: blood concentrations, haemodynamic and clinical effects

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects (common haemodynamic variables, peak cuff pressures, the incidence of reaction ('bucking') during extubation and the incidence of sore throat after operation) of lidocaine 10% instilled into the endotracheal tube cuff in intubated patients. Plasma concentrations of lidocaine were assayed. Seventy ASA class I-II patients scheduled for plastic surgery were studied. Patients were randomly divided in two groups: the cuff of the endotracheal tube was inflated with either lidocaine 10% (group L) or with saline (group S) immediately after endotracheal intubation. In group L patients, the haemodynamic changes were less (P < 0.05), and the peak cuff pressure was lower (P < 0.01) than for group S. At extubation, more patients reacted ('bucked') in group S (70.5% vs. 19.4%, P < 0.01). The incidence and severity of sore throat were significantly lower in group L 1 and 24-h after extubation. Plasma lidocaine concentrations did not reach toxic values. Lidocaine 10%, compared with saline, in the endotracheal tube cuff was associated with less disturbance of haemodynamic responses and less incidence of bucking during tracheal extubation. Lidocaine was also effective in reducing of incidence and severity of sore throat after operation.     

Surgical treatment of pulmonary hydatid cysts in children

OBJECTIVE: Hydatid disease is a parasitosis and endemic in many sheepraising areas; it is still an important health problem in Turkey. We report our experience with childhood hydatid cyst and discuss the concepts of treatment. METHODS: The clinical courses of 128 children with thoracic and liver hydatid cyst operated on from 1994 to 2000 were reviewed. The group consisted of 71 boys and 57 girls aged from 8 months to 16 years. Intact cysts were found in 144 patients and ruptured cysts in 68. RESULTS: In the postoperative course we have encountered 20 perioperative complications in 16 patients. The most common complication was residual pleural space and delayed air leakage, which occurred in 9 patients. There was no early death. CONCLUSION: Surgery is the treatment of choice for most patients with pulmonary hydatid disease. The aim of surgery is evacuation of the cyst, removal of the endocyst, and management of the residual cavity. Conservative surgical methods that preserve lung parenchyma should be preferred.     

Impact of tubal sterilization on women's health

In this study we aimed to investigate the possible health effects of tubal sterilization on women who had chosen this method. A total of 127 women who had tubal sterilization between 2000-2005 were asked about their satisfaction with the method; their regrets and complaints, the effects of the tubal sterilization on their sexual life and their actual health. While 95% of the women were satisfied with the operation, only 76.9% of the patients would recommend this method to other woman. Although 23.1% reported changes in their sexual life after the sterilization, 30% reported changes in their menstrual cycle and 35% reported lower abdominal pain, two-thirds of the women did not state any significant complaint. Women who underwent the procedure at least two years before had fewer complaints; high school graduates and more educated women reported more changes in their sexual life. Women who had tubal sterilization were mostly satisfied with the method and were willing to recommend it to another woman.     

Feasibility of breast conserving surgery in multifocal breast cancers

Background

Multifocal breast cancers (MFBCs) present a challenge to surgeons. Although its feasibility is still controversial, breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is not contraindicated for MFBCs. The investigators retrospectively evaluated the feasibility of BCS and reviewed histopathologic findings in patients with MFBC.

Methods

A total of 222 patients with MFBC who were treated with either BCS (119 patients) or mastectomy (103 patients) at a single institution between January 2002 and December 2011 were retrospectively evaluated.

Results

The median follow-up time was 55 months (range, 10 to 102 months). Lymphovascular invasion and lymph node involvement were significantly less frequent in the BCS group (48.8% vs 62.2% for lymphovascular invasion, P = .04; 52.1% vs 71.8% for lymph node involvement, P = .002). There were no differences in local recurrence rates between the 2 groups. The overall survival rates were 92% in the BCS group and 72% in the mastectomy group (P = .000).

Conclusions

BCS is a feasible and safe procedure for the removal of multifocal tumors. Extended lymphovascular invasion is associated with mortality in patients who undergo mastectomy.