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Donor insemination: child development and family functioning in lesbian mother families 总被引:1,自引:5,他引:1
Brewaeys A; Ponjaert I; Van Hall EV; Golombok S 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(6):1349-1359
Findings are presented of a comparative study investigating the family
relationships and the emotional and gender development of children raised
in lesbian mother families. A total of 30 lesbian mother families with 4-8
year old children created as a result of donor insemination (DI) were
compared with 38 heterosexual families with a DI child and with 30
heterosexual families who had a naturally conceived child. A variety of
assessment measures, including a standardized interview and questionnaires
from the parents and psychological testing of the child were used to
collect the data. The quality of the couples' relationships and the quality
of the mother-child interaction did not differ between lesbian mother
families and either of the heterosexual family groups. The quality of the
interaction between the social mother and the child in lesbian families was
superior to that between the father and the child in both groups of
heterosexual families. Childrens' own perception of their parents was
similar in all family types; the social mother in lesbian families was
regarded by the child to be as much a 'parent' as the father in both types
of heterosexual families. With regard to their emotional/behavioural
development, boys and girls raised in lesbian mother families were well
adjusted and their gender role development did not differ from that of
children raised in heterosexual families. These results indicate that child
and family development in lesbian mother families is similar to that of
heterosexual families.
相似文献
4.
Donor insemination: Dutch parents' opinions about confidentiality and donor anonymity and the emotional adjustment of their children 总被引:1,自引:4,他引:1
Brewaeys A; Golombok S; Naaktgeboren N; de Bruyn JK; van Hall EV 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(7):1591-1597
Results from a comparative study investigating 38 donor insemination (DI)
Dutch families with 4-8 year old children are presented. The aims of this
study were to investigate parents' opinions on the issues of
confidentiality and donor anonymity, to assess the emotional development of
the children, and to examine in DI families the association between secrecy
with regard to the use of a donor and the emotional adjustment of the
children. The DI families were compared to families with a child conceived
by in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and to families with a naturally conceived
child. Secrecy appeared to be associated with DI and not with IVF: 74% of
the DI parents intended not to inform the child about the way in which
she/he was conceived, whereas none of the IVF parents intended to keep the
secret. Only one set of DI parents and two sets of IVF parents had actually
told the child. As to donor anonymity, a spread of opinions appeared among
DI parents; 57% preferred an anonymous donor, 31% would have liked non-
identifying information about the donor, 9% preferred the donor's identity
to be registered and 3% remained unsure. Parents' major concern was to know
more about the medical/genetic background of the donor. Mothers and fathers
in the DI families differed in their opinions concerning the issues of
confidentiality and donor anonymity: fathers, more often than mothers, were
secretive with regard to the use of a donor and husbands, more often than
their wives, were in favour of donor anonymity. With regard to the
emotional development of the children, more emotional/behavioural problems
were revealed among DI children than among children who were naturally
conceived. No association was found between secrecy and the
emotional/behavioural adjustment of the children.
相似文献
5.
V. V. Mikhailov M. A. Gordeeva A. G. Rusanova 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1991,111(3):301-302
Department of Pathological Physiology, N. A. Semashko Moscow Medical Stomatologic Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. D. Ado.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 111, No. 3, pp. 246–297, March, 1991. 相似文献
6.
Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 116, N
o
7, pp. 38–40, July, 1993. 相似文献
7.
Higher fat and energy intakes confer a survival advantage in cystic fibrosis (CF). There is a need to develop effective nutrition programmes that ensure optimal energy intake in CF.
A cross-sectional measurement of clinical characteristics and energy and fat intakes in patients attending the CF outpatients clinic of the John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle was undertaken. Twenty-nine subjects, mean age 12 years (range 4.3–20.2), completed weighed food records to determine the contribution of fat to the percentage of the recommended energy intake obtained and to document use of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy.
Diets with a high percentage of energy derived from fat did not guarantee that individuals with CF met their energy requirements. Subjects with total fat intakes of 100 g per day or greater, however, achieved in excess of 110% recommended daily intake (RDI) for energy. Up to 47% of subjects consumed more pancreatic enzyme replacement capsules than shown to give maximum effectiveness.
Setting a 100 g daily fat target is a realistic way of ensuring high energy intakes in CF. Fat ready reckoners would identify the fat content of food and prescribe specific numbers of pancreatic enzyme replacement capsules to be consumed with each meal or food item. 相似文献
Methodology:
A cross-sectional measurement of clinical characteristics and energy and fat intakes in patients attending the CF outpatients clinic of the John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle was undertaken. Twenty-nine subjects, mean age 12 years (range 4.3–20.2), completed weighed food records to determine the contribution of fat to the percentage of the recommended energy intake obtained and to document use of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy.
Results:
Diets with a high percentage of energy derived from fat did not guarantee that individuals with CF met their energy requirements. Subjects with total fat intakes of 100 g per day or greater, however, achieved in excess of 110% recommended daily intake (RDI) for energy. Up to 47% of subjects consumed more pancreatic enzyme replacement capsules than shown to give maximum effectiveness.
Conclusion:
Setting a 100 g daily fat target is a realistic way of ensuring high energy intakes in CF. Fat ready reckoners would identify the fat content of food and prescribe specific numbers of pancreatic enzyme replacement capsules to be consumed with each meal or food item. 相似文献
8.
DR Brewster MJ Manary IS Menzies EV O'Loughlin RL Henry 《Archives of disease in childhood》1997,76(3):236-241
Intestinal permeability can be assessed non-invasively using the lactulose-rhamnose (L-R) test, which is a reliable measure of small intestinal integrity. AIMS: To determine risk factors for abnormal intestinal permeability in kwashiorkor, and to measure changes in L-R ratios with inpatient rehabilitation. DESIGN: A case-control study of 149 kwashiorkor cases and 45 hospital controls. The L-R test was adapted to study kwashiorkor in Malawi, with testing at weekly intervals during nutritional rehabilitation. Urine sugars were measured by thin layer chromatography in London. RESULTS: The initial geometric mean L-R ratios (x100) (with 95% confidence interval) in kwashiorkor were 17.3 (15.0 to 19.8) compared with 7.0 (5.6 to 8.7) for controls. Normal ratios are < 5, so the high ratios in controls indicate tropical enteropathy syndrome. Abnormal permeability in kwashiorkor was associated with death, oliguria, sepsis, diarrhoea, wasting and young age. Diarrhoea and death were associated with both decreased L-rhamnose absorption (diminished absorptive surface area) and increased lactulose permeation (impaired barrier function) whereas nutritional wasting affected only L-rhamnose absorption. Despite, clinical recovery, mean L-R ratios improved little on treatment, with mean weekly ratios of 16.3 (14.0 to 19.0), 13.3 (11.1 to 15.9) and 14.4 (11.0 to 18.8). CONCLUSION: Abnormal intestinal permeability in kwashiorkor correlates with disease severity, and improves only slowly with nutritional rehabilitation. 相似文献
9.
Melatonin enhances neural stem cell differentiation and engraftment by increasing mitochondrial function 下载免费PDF全文
Miguel Mendivil‐Perez Viviana Soto‐Mercado Ana Guerra‐Librero Beatriz I. Fernandez‐Gil Javier Florido Ying‐Qiang Shen Miguel A. Tejada Vivian Capilla‐Gonzalez Iryna Rusanova José M. Garcia‐Verdugo Darío Acuña‐Castroviejo Luis Carlos López Carlos Velez‐Pardo Marlene Jimenez‐Del‐Rio José M. Ferrer Germaine Escames 《Journal of pineal research》2017,63(2)
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are regarded as a promising therapeutic approach to protecting and restoring damaged neurons in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease (PD and AD, respectively). However, new research suggests that NSC differentiation is required to make this strategy effective. Several studies have demonstrated that melatonin increases mature neuronal markers, which reflects NSC differentiation into neurons. Nevertheless, the possible involvement of mitochondria in the effects of melatonin during NSC differentiation has not yet been fully established. We therefore tested the impact of melatonin on NSC proliferation and differentiation in an attempt to determine whether these actions depend on modulating mitochondrial activity. We measured proliferation and differentiation markers, mitochondrial structural and functional parameters as well as oxidative stress indicators and also evaluated cell transplant engraftment. This enabled us to show that melatonin (25 μM) induces NSC differentiation into oligodendrocytes and neurons. These effects depend on increased mitochondrial mass/DNA/complexes, mitochondrial respiration, and membrane potential as well as ATP synthesis in NSCs. It is also interesting to note that melatonin prevented oxidative stress caused by high levels of mitochondrial activity. Finally, we found that melatonin enriches NSC engraftment in the ND mouse model following transplantation. We concluded that a combined therapy involving transplantation of NSCs pretreated with pharmacological doses of melatonin could efficiently restore neuronal cell populations in PD and AD mouse models depending on mitochondrial activity promotion. 相似文献
10.
To study the relationship between neurochemical changes in specialized tissue structures and the state of the conducting pathways of the central and peripheral nervous system, we analyzed the levels of neuronal antibodies (ABs), somatosensory evoked potentials, and electroneuromyography in patients with vibration disease (VD) induced by local vibration. We found correlations between the concentrations of ABs against NF-200, MBP, S-100, GFAP, B2GP, Ser-P, DNA, voltage-dependent Ca channel, Glu-P and changes in the central conductive structures; as well as between ABs against MBP, GFAP, DNA, Ser-P, S-100 GABA-P, DA-P, Glu-P, AX-P and the rate of impulses along axons of various structures of the nervous system. The revealed interrelationships confirm the functional integration of the nervous and immune systems and the important role of autoimmune reactions in the development and course of VD. Possible mechanisms of neurotransmitter metabolism disorders and demyelination are discussed. These results may serve as a basis for the development of new informative laboratory indicators and differential diagnostics of subjects working under the influence of local vibration. 相似文献