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排序方式: 共有340条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
HOCK LEONG EE MBBS MRCP CHEE LEOK GOH MBBS FRCP KHOO ES-Y. CHAN PHD POR ANG MBBS MRCP 《Dermatologic surgery》2006,32(1):34-40
BACKGROUND: Acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules (Hori's nevus) is a common dyschromatosis among Asian women. Q-switched lasers have been used successfully as a treatment modality. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of using the Q-switched 532 nm neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser followed by the 1,064 nm laser versus the Q-switched 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser alone in the treatment of Hori's nevus. METHODS: This is a prospective left-right comparative study. Ten women with bilateral Hori's nevus were recruited and treated with a combination of the Q-switched 532 and 1,064 nm Nd:YAG lasers on the right cheek and the Q-switched 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser alone on the left cheek. Only one laser treatment session was performed. The degree of pigmentation was objectively recorded with a mexameter. Subjective assessment was made by both patients and two blinded, nontreating dermatologists. RESULTS: At 6 months, there was a statistically significant difference (p = .009) of 35.10 points using objective mexameter measurements between the two sides, favoring the side treated with a combination of 532 and 1,064 nm laser treatment. Subjective grading by the patients and blinded dermatologists also confirmed that combination therapy was more successful after one treatment. Although combination treatment had a higher incidence of mild postinflammatory changes, this disappeared within 2 months. CONCLUSIONS: Concurrent use of the Q-switched 532 nm Nd:YAG laser in combination with the 1,064 nm laser is more effective in pigment clearance than the Q-switched 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser alone for Hori's nevi. 相似文献
2.
Serial radionuclide studies using both Tc-99m DTPA (perfusion) and I-131 hippuran (tubular function) were correlated with histologic findings in 25 patients with renal transplants. These cases included 15 cases of cyclosporin-A nephrotoxicity (CsA-NT) and ten cases of acute cellular rejection that were retrospectively selected on the basis of biopsy findings and favorable clinical response to therapy specific for each of these conditions. The serial radionuclide studies enabled the correct diagnosis in 12 of 15 cases of CsA-NT and eight of ten cases of acute rejection. Posttherapy radionuclide studies, furthermore, demonstrated improvement consistent with clinical response. In all cases, the radionuclide results were available at least 24 hours before biopsy findings. These results indicate that serial radionuclide studies evaluating interval changes in both perfusion and tubular function are of significant value in the diagnosis and follow-up of CsA-NT and acute cellular rejection in transplant recipients. This initial experience suggests a sensitivity of 80%. 相似文献
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E. E. Roughead S. J. Semple A. I. Vitry 《The International journal of pharmacy practice》2005,13(1):53-70
Objective To systematically review the evidence for the effect of pharmaceutical care practice on patient outcomes. Setting Community and outpatient setting. Method Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published in English between 1990 and 2003 were identified through a systematic literature search. To be included, studies had to assess the effect of a pharmaceutical care intervention, defined as a one‐to‐one consultation between each patient and a pharmacist with a focus on managing health or resolving drug‐related problems, development of a care plan and follow‐up. Key findings Twenty‐two RCTs met the review criteria. Studies targeted general patient populations at risk of drug‐related problems, disease‐specific target groups or patients with risk factors including hypertension and raised cholesterol. While a number of trials have been undertaken, the variability in the application of endpoints utilised means the evidence for effectiveness of single endpoints apart from quality of life is generally limited to one or two controlled trial results. Collectively, the studies provide evidence that the service improves signs and symptoms for people with asthma, surrogate endpoints such as blood pressure, cholesterol levels and glycosylated haemoglobin and medication use, but do not provide evidence supporting improved health‐related quality of life. One study showed an improvement in combined all‐cause mortality and non‐fatal heart failure‐related events in patients with heart failure. Conclusion Pharmaceutical care services are effective in improving medication use and surrogate endpoints, but improvement in other outcomes is less conclusive. Given that the focus of the service is to resolve medication‐related problems, consideration should be given to the use of adverse drug events and resolution of medication‐related problems as an outcome measure in future studies. 相似文献
5.
Qualitative and quantitative assessment of flavins in cow's milk 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Although milk is one of the primary sources of riboflavin in the North American diet, the amounts of riboflavin and other flavin derivatives in milk have not been accurately quantified. In this study, a comprehensive assessment of milk was performed to identify and quantify greater than 95% of the flavins in this food. Riboflavin and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) were the predominant flavins in all milk samples; 10-(2'-hydroxyethyl)flavin was next most common. The latter is potentially an antivitamin that may exert its effect at either the absorption or utilization level. Therefore, the presence of this analog should be considered when evaluating the riboflavin efficiency of milk. The large quantity of FAD indicates that precautions against underestimating FAD are warranted when determining total flavin content by fluorescence. This is particularly important because the fluorescence of FAD at pH 7.0 is only 10-20% of that for riboflavin. The presence of 7 alpha-hydroxyriboflavin (7-hydroxymethylriboflavin) in milk was ascertained by extensive testing. Traces of 8 alpha-hydroxyriboflavin (8-hydroxymethylriboflavin) were also detected. These metabolites may serve as indicators of cellular biochemical activity. 相似文献
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8.
Interchromosomal duplications of the adrenoleukodystrophy locus: a phenomenon of pericentromeric plasticity 总被引:13,自引:5,他引:13
Eichler EE; Budarf ML; Rocchi M; Deaven LL; Doggett NA; Baldini A; Nelson DL; Mohrenweiser HW 《Human molecular genetics》1997,6(7):991-1002
A 9.7 kb segment encompassing exons 7-10 of the adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)
locus of the X chromosome has duplicated to specific locations near the
pericentromeric regions of human chromosomes 2p11,10p11, 16p11 and 22q11.
Comparative sequence analysis reveals 92-96% nucleotide identity,
indicating that the autosomal ALD paralogs arose relatively recently during
the course of higher primate evolution (5-10 million years ago). Analysis
of sequences flanking the duplication region identifies the presence of an
unusual GCTTTTTGC repeat which may be a sequence-specific integration site
for the process of pericentromeric- directed transposition. The breakpoint
sequence and phylogenetic analysis predict a two-step transposition model,
in which a duplication from Xq28 to pericentromeric 2p11 occurred once,
followed by a rapid distribution of a larger duplicon cassette among the
pericentromeric regions. In addition to facilitating more effective
mutation detection among ALD patients, these findings provide further
insight into the molecular basis underlying a pericentromeric-directed
mechanism for non- homologous interchromosomal exchange.
相似文献
9.
Two types of phantoms were developed with which to evaluate the overall performance of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) systems. A dynamic phantom, called a "fish bone" phantom, consists of polyethylene tubes that simulate blood vessels with various lesions, such as stenoses, ulcers, and aneurysms. With this phantom, washout curves were obtained representing the relationship between iodine content and time. It will be useful for qualitative assessment of DSA images, evaluation of different image-processing schemes, and studies of blood flow analysis. A static phantom, called a "C-D" phantom, can be used for measurement of quantitative contrast-detail (C-D) diagrams and for daily monitoring of DSA systems. This was constructed of tubes of seven different diameters (2.15-0.28 mm) and 14 different concentrations of contrast medium (100%-1.1% Renografin-76 [meglumine and sodium diatrizoate]). The C-D diagrams were determined from an observer performance study using C-D phantom images obtained at four different DSA settings. 相似文献
10.
Adaptation in iron absorption: iron supplementation reduces nonheme-iron but not heme-iron absorption from food 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
BACKGROUND: Results of cross-sectional studies suggest that in healthy people, iron absorption adapts to meet physiologic needs and stabilize iron stores, but this has not been adequately tested in longitudinal studies. OBJECTIVE: We tested whether heme- and nonheme-iron absorption decrease in response to increased iron intake and whether iron stores reach a steady state. DESIGN: In a randomized, placebo-controlled trial, heme- and nonheme-iron absorption by healthy men and women (n = 57) were measured before and after 12 wk of supplementation with 50 mg Fe/d as ferrous sulfate. Serum and fecal ferritin were measured during supplementation and for 6 mo thereafter. RESULTS: Initially, both heme- and nonheme-iron absorption were inversely associated with serum ferritin concentration. Volunteers who took iron supplements, even those with serum ferritin <21 microg/L (n = 5), adapted to absorb less nonheme iron (3.2% at week 12 compared with 5.0% at week 0, P: < 0.001) but not less heme iron from a beef-based meal. Serum ferritin concentration was slightly but significantly higher after iron supplementation than after placebo (difference = 13 microg/L). This higher ferritin concentration persisted for >/=6 mo after supplementation, except in subjects with low iron stores, whose serum ferritin returned to baseline within 3 mo. Fecal ferritin excretion increased 2.5-fold (P: < 0.05) during supplementation. CONCLUSIONS: Healthy individuals, even those with low iron stores, had reduced nonheme-iron absorption from food in response to iron supplementation. Despite this partial adaptation, iron stores were greater after iron supplementation than after placebo and this difference was sustained, except in individuals with the lowest iron stores. 相似文献