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排序方式: 共有342条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Innovative endpoint determination system for antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts. 总被引:6,自引:6,他引:0 下载免费PDF全文
R Tellier M Krajden G A Grigoriew I Campbell 《Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy》1992,36(8):1619-1625
Fungal infections and antifungal resistance are increasingly recognized. Antifungal susceptibility testing remains unstandardized, and a particularly important problem is endpoint determination. In this paper we propose the yeast metabolic reduction of the tetrazolium salt 2,3-bis(2- methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-2H-tetraz olium hydroxide (XTT) as a colorimetric endpoint which is quantitative and objective. Amphotericin B, fluorocytosine, and fluconazole dose-response curves were obtained, and a metabolic MIC could be determined by using precise criteria. 相似文献
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Fabienne Mbongo Patrice Tran Ba Huy Pierre-Paul Vidal Catherine de Waele 《Otology & neurotology》2007,28(7):905-910
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) score is related to postural performance as assessed by dynamic posturography. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Outpatient in a tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: Ninety-two complete unilateral vestibular loss patients, categorized into 3 groups according to the postlesion stage: 1 to 2 months (n = 32; age, 47.6 +/- 10.7 yr), 4 to 7 months (n= 23; 47.1 +/- 8.37 yr), and 1 year and older (n = 37; 49.2 +/- 9.5 yr). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Dizziness Handicap Inventory and dynamic balance measured with a seesaw platform moving either in the anterior-posterior or in the mediolateral direction. RESULTS: The mean DHI score was 25.8 +/- 18.7 and the range was 0 to 68. Dizziness Handicap Inventory scores did not differ significantly between the different unilateral vestibular loss groups studied. No difference was detected between the groups for the 3 subscores (emotional, functional, and physical), except that the older-than-1-year group had a significantly higher physical score than the 2 others. No correlation was found between DHI scores and postural indicators for either direction of the platform. However, patients unable to maintain balance when the seesaw platform moved in the mediolateral direction had significantly higher DHI scores than those who did not fall. CONCLUSION: Even if they are not directly related, we suggest that DHI and dynamic posturography are complementary approaches for appreciating the vestibular compensation process and are thus useful for postoperative counseling for vestibular loss patients. 相似文献
3.
Deepali Kumar Dean Erdman Shaf Keshavjee Teresa Peret Raymond Tellier Denis Hadjiliadis Grant Johnson Melissa Ayers Deborah Siegal Atul Humar 《American journal of transplantation》2005,5(8):2031-2036
Community-acquired viral respiratory tract infections (RTI) in lung transplant recipients may have a high rate of progression to pneumonia and can be a trigger for immunologically mediated detrimental effects on lung function. A cohort of 100 patients was enrolled from 2001 to 2003 in which 50 patients had clinically diagnosed viral RTI and 50 were asymptomatic. All patients had nasopharyngeal and throat swabs taken for respiratory virus antigen detection, culture and RT-PCR. All patients had pulmonary function tests at regular intervals for 12 months. Rates of rejection, decline in forced expiratory volume (L) in 1 s (FEV-1) and bacterial and fungal superinfection were compared at the 3-month primary endpoint. In the 50 patients with RTI, a microbial etiology was identified in 33 of 50 (66%) and included rhinovirus (9), coronavirus (8), RSV (6), influenza A (5), parainfluenza (4) and human metapneumovirus (1). During the 3-month primary endpoint, 8 of 50 (16%) RTI patients had acute rejection versus 0 of 50 non-RTI patients (p=0.006). The number of patients experiencing a 20% or more decline in FEV-1 by 3 months was 9 of 50 (18%) RTI versus 0 of 50 non-RTI (0%) (p=0.003). In six of these nine patients, the decline in FEV-1 was sustained over a 1-year period consistent with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). Community-acquired respiratory viruses may be associated with the development of acute rejection and BOS. 相似文献
4.
Ronald M Grant Sheila S Weitzman Christopher G Sherman Wilma L Sirkin Martin Petric Raymond Tellier 《Journal of clinical virology》2002,24(1-2):7-12
BACKGROUND: Varicella Zoster virus (VZV) infection is potentially very serious in bone marrow transplant recipients, and may manifest as a disseminated visceral infection. This condition is generally accompanied by a vesicular rash. OBJECTIVES: We review here a case of fulminant fatal disseminated VZV infection, not accompanied by skin involvement, and the laboratory approaches currently available to diagnose this disease. STUDY DESIGN: Post mortem tissue samples were subjected to histopathological examination, and tested for herpesviruses by electron microscopy and PCR. RESULTS: Intranuclear inclusions were noted by histological examination in the lungs, liver, kidneys and bone marrow. Particles with a herpesvirus morphology were visualized in liver tissue. VZV DNA was detected in liver and bone marrow by PCR followed by sequencing of the amplicons. Viremia was documented by retrospective testing of the serum by PCR. CONCLUSIONS: A disseminated VZV infection which proved rapidly fatal was demonstrated in a case without skin manifestations. This rare presentation of VZV infection is potentially underdiagnosed. Testing for VZV viremia by PCR can at the very least suggest the diagnosis although whether plasma-associated viremia is truly pathognomonic of visceral disseminated infection remains to be established. 相似文献
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F Roch-Ramel F Diezi-Chomety D De Rougemont M Tellier J Widmer G Peters 《The American journal of physiology》1976,230(3):768-776
Free-flow micropuncture experiments were done in rats of three strains infused with small amounts of urate [plasma urate (P urate) = 95 +/- 8 muM]. Urate concentrations in tubular fluid were measured by an accurate chemical fluorometric ultramicromethod. In fluid from surface glomeruli, the glomerular fluid-to-plasma urate ratio [GF/P) urate] was 0.99 +/- 0.03 (n=11), i.e., lower than expected for total ultrafiltrability of plasma urate. Along proximal convolutions, net reabsorption of 55% of filtered urate was demonstrated. Small amounts of urate may have been reabsorbed between late proximal and early distal sites. Net transepithelial movements of urate did not occur in distal tubules or collecting ducts. In microperfusion experiments on proximal tubules, both a reabsorptive flow of urate (loss of perfused [2-14C]urate) and a secretory flow (entrance of cold urate into perfusate) of the same order of magnitude were demonstrated. Neither flow was influenced by simultaneous water movements. Microperfusion of Henle's loops indicated a significant but very small net reabsorption. 相似文献
7.
Pierre-Paul van Bogaert Johan S. Vereecke Edward E. Carmeliet 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1978,375(1):45-52
- Cardiac Purkinje fibers exposed to alkaline solutions (pH 8 to 9.5) show an increase in rate of diastolic depolarization, eventually resulting in induction of spontaneous activity or an increase of the spontaneous firing rate.
- The voltage-clamp analysis of the transmembrane currents in pH 9–9.5 shows: i) a shift in the depolarizing direction of the activation (s∞) and time constants (τ s ) curve of the \(i_{{\text{K}}_{\text{2}} }\) current, ii) a small increase in the maximal value of the fully activated \(i_{{\text{K}}_{\text{2}} }\) current, iii) no significant change of background current in the pacemaker region of membrane potentials.
- The effect of NH4Cl was studied as a means to vary intracellular pH. In the presence of Tris buffer the addition of 5 mM NH4Cl resulted in i) a shift in the depolarizing direction and a decrease in slope of the activation curve of the \(i_{{\text{K}}_{\text{2}} }\) current, ii) a shift in the depolarizing direction of the time-constants curve together with an increase in the maximum value of τ s , iii) an increase in the maximum value of the fully activated \(i_{{\text{K}}_{\text{2}} }\) current and a depolarizing shift of the reversal potential, similar to the effect of addition of Kc. In the presence of CO2?HCO3 buffer the addition of NH4Cl had no significant effect on the kinetics of the \(i_{{\text{K}}_{\text{2}} }\) current. Since intracellular pH is only affected by NH4Cl in the presence of Tris buffer, the results suggest that intracellular alkalinization is responsible for the change in \(i_{{\text{K}}_{\text{2}} }\) kinetics.
- Based on the findings with NH4Cl it is suggested that perfusion with Tris buffered alkaline solutions not only affects net negative surface charges on the outside but also and to a larger extent increases negative surface charges on the inside of the cell membrane.
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Rationale Lewis (LEW) and Fischer (F344) rats exhibit marked differences in appetitive and consummatory responses to numerous drugs,
including psychostimulants. Neurotensin (NT) produces psychostimulant-like actions, which sensitize with repeated exposure,
and neuroleptic-like actions; effects that are dependent on the site of microinjection. The aim of the present experiments
was to assess the behavioral sensitivity of these two strains of rats to NT receptor activation.
Methods In expt 1, locomotor activity was assessed on alternate days following an ICV injection of NT, [d-Tyr11]neurotensin (d-NT; 18 nmol/10 μl), or vehicle (days 1, 3, 5, and 7) in independent groups of LEW and F344 rats. On day 14, locomotor activity
was assessed in all rats following an injection of d-amphetamine (1 mg/kg, IP). In expt 2, activity was assessed following injection into the ventral tegmental area of NT, or
d-NT, (2.5 μg/hemisphere) or into the nucleus accumbens (2.5 and 5.0 μg/hemisphere).
Results Repeated ICV injections of NT, or d-NT, produced differential behavioral effects in the two strains of rats on days 1–7; activity was initially suppressed in
LEW, but less so in F344 rats, following NT. In F344, but not in LEW rats, d-NT produced a significant increase in activity. Neurotensin and d-NT sensitized LEW rats to amphetamine-induced ambulatory and non-ambulatory activity. Except for vertical activity, this
effect was weaker or in the opposite direction in F344 rats. When injected into the ventral tegmental area, NT produced an
increase in locomotor activity in both strains, an effect that was greater in F344 than LEW rats with d-NT. In the nucleus accumbens, NT marginally decreased activity in both strains, while d-NT produced a significant increase in F344 but not in LEW rats.
Conclusions These results provide empirical evidence that endogenous NT neurotransmission within limbic circuitry differs in F344 and
LEW rats. 相似文献