全文获取类型
收费全文 | 712篇 |
免费 | 58篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 62篇 |
儿科学 | 19篇 |
妇产科学 | 11篇 |
基础医学 | 103篇 |
口腔科学 | 20篇 |
临床医学 | 80篇 |
内科学 | 125篇 |
皮肤病学 | 1篇 |
神经病学 | 44篇 |
特种医学 | 10篇 |
外科学 | 74篇 |
综合类 | 5篇 |
一般理论 | 3篇 |
预防医学 | 89篇 |
眼科学 | 51篇 |
药学 | 44篇 |
肿瘤学 | 30篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 8篇 |
2022年 | 8篇 |
2021年 | 18篇 |
2020年 | 19篇 |
2019年 | 20篇 |
2018年 | 23篇 |
2017年 | 12篇 |
2016年 | 13篇 |
2015年 | 15篇 |
2014年 | 17篇 |
2013年 | 33篇 |
2012年 | 52篇 |
2011年 | 46篇 |
2010年 | 37篇 |
2009年 | 24篇 |
2008年 | 47篇 |
2007年 | 64篇 |
2006年 | 68篇 |
2005年 | 54篇 |
2004年 | 47篇 |
2003年 | 44篇 |
2002年 | 28篇 |
2001年 | 6篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有771条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Jonas T. Johnson MD Editor John K. Niparko MD Editor-in-Chief Paul A. Levine MD Editor David W. Kennedy MD Editor Pete Weber MD Editor-in-Chief Randal S. Weber MD Editor Michael S. Benninger MD Past Editor in Chief Richard M. Rosenfeld MD MPH Editor in Chief Robert J. Ruben MD Editor in Chief Richard J.H. Smith MD Editor in Chief Robert Thayer Sataloff MD DMA Editor in Chief Neil Weir MA FRCS Editor Emeritus 《Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery》2006,135(6):829-830
2.
3.
Debbie Ehrmann Feldman Mirella de Civita Patricia L. Dobkin Pete Malleson Garbis Meshefedjian CiarÁn M. Duffy 《Arthritis care & research》2007,57(2):226-233
Objective
To document perceived adherence to treatment (taking medications and performing exercises) in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) over a 1‐year period and to identify related factors.Methods
We surveyed parents of patients with JIA at the Montreal Children's Hospital and British Columbia's Children's Hospital in Vancouver. Parents were asked to respond to a series of questionnaires every 3 months over a 12‐month period. Perceived adherence was evaluated on a 100‐mm visual analog scale (VAS) in the Parent Adherence Report Questionnaire (PARQ). Parental coping, distress, child function, disease severity and duration, perceived helpfulness of treatment, problems encountered, and sociodemographic data were also assessed.Results
The mean age of our sample of 175 children was 10.2 years; mean age at diagnosis was 6.1 years and mean disease duration was 4.1 years. Perceived adherence to medications was consistently high, with average adherence at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months being 86.1, 91.7, 90.4, 92.0, and 88.8, respectively, on the PARQ VAS. Perceived adherence to exercise was lower but remained steady, with corresponding means of 54.5, 64.1, 61.2, 63.0, and 54.3, respectively. Using generalized estimating equation analysis, factors associated with higher perceived adherence to medications included perceived helpfulness of medications and lower disease severity; those associated with higher perceived adherence to exercise were younger age of the child, child involvement in responsibility for treatment, and higher perceived helpfulness of the treatment.Conclusion
Belief in helpfulness of treatment is associated with higher parental perceived adherence to treatment. 相似文献4.
5.
Pete Kaiser Tuang Yeow Poh Lisa Rothwell Stuart Avery Sucharitha Balu Uday S Pathania Simon Hughes Marianne Goodchild Shaun Morrell Michael Watson Nat Bumstead Jim Kaufman John R Young 《Journal of interferon & cytokine research》2005,25(8):467-484
As most mechanisms of adaptive immunity evolved during the divergence of vertebrates, the immune systems of extant vertebrates represent different successful variations on the themes initiated in their earliest common ancestors. The genes involved in elaborating these mechanisms have been subject to exceptional selective pressures in an arms race with highly adaptable pathogens, resulting in highly divergent sequences of orthologous genes and the gain and loss of members of gene families as different species find different solutions to the challenge of infection. Consequently, it has been difficult to transfer to the chicken detailed knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of the mammalian immune system and, thus, to enhance the already significant contribution of chickens toward understanding the evolution of immunity. The availability of the chicken genome sequence provides the opportunity to resolve outstanding questions concerning which molecular components of the immune system are shared between mammals and birds and which represent their unique evolutionary solutions. We have integrated genome data with existing knowledge to make a new comparative census of members of cytokine and chemokine gene families, distinguishing the core set of molecules likely to be common to all higher vertebrates from those particular to these 300 million-year-old lineages. Some differences can be explained by the different architectures of the mammalian and avian immune systems. Chickens lack lymph nodes and also the genes for the lymphotoxins and lymphotoxin receptors. The lack of functional eosinophils correlates with the absence of the eotaxin genes and our previously reported observation that interleukin- 5 (IL-5) is a pseudogene. To summarize, in the chicken genome, we can identify the genes for 23 ILs, 8 type I interferons (IFNs), IFN-gamma, 1 colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), 2 of the 3 known transforming growth factors (TGFs), 24 chemokines (1 XCL, 14 CCL, 8 CXCL, and 1 CX3CL), and 10 tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) members. Receptor genes present in the genome suggest the likely presence of 2 other ILs, 1 other CSF, and 2 other TNFSF members. 相似文献
6.
Annals of Surgical Oncology - 相似文献
7.
Staci A. Fischer Alan A. Harris John Segreti Larry J. Goodman Carl Langkop Margaret Swartz Ron Lollar Gordon M. Trenholme 《Clinical microbiology and infection》1996,1(3):175-178
Objective: To determine the incidence of infection with Escherichia coli O157:H7 in a tertiary referral center in Chicago, where a similar study had been performed in 1984, to evaluate cases of disease reported to the Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH) in 1993, and to determine laboratory practices used to detect this infection throughout the state.
Methods: During a 6-month period in 1993, all stool specimens at Rush-Presbyterian-St Luke's Medical Center (RPSLMC) were tested for E. coli O157:H7. Reports of diagnosed E. coli O157:H7 cases investigated by IDPH were also reviewed. A survey of 73 hospitals in the Chicago area was performed to determine routine culturing practices, specifically, the selection of stool specimens for evaluation for this pathogen.
Results: In the RPSLMC survey, two cases were identified among 1985 samples (incidence 0.1%), similar to the 0.08% incidence detected in a similar study conducted at the same institution in 1984. Through passive surveillance, the IDPH received 44 reports of E. coli O157:H7 in 1993. The hospital survey revealed that, in the seven labs testing all stool specimens for E. coli O157:H7, an incidence of 16/8137 specimens (0.2%) was determined.
Conclusions: These data suggest that sporadic E. coli O157:H7 remains uncommon in Illinois and that the incidence may not have changed over a 9-year period. The low yield and substantial cost of culturing all stools suggest that only specimens from patients with bloody diarrhea should be evaluated routinely in areas of low endemicity. 相似文献
Methods: During a 6-month period in 1993, all stool specimens at Rush-Presbyterian-St Luke's Medical Center (RPSLMC) were tested for E. coli O157:H7. Reports of diagnosed E. coli O157:H7 cases investigated by IDPH were also reviewed. A survey of 73 hospitals in the Chicago area was performed to determine routine culturing practices, specifically, the selection of stool specimens for evaluation for this pathogen.
Results: In the RPSLMC survey, two cases were identified among 1985 samples (incidence 0.1%), similar to the 0.08% incidence detected in a similar study conducted at the same institution in 1984. Through passive surveillance, the IDPH received 44 reports of E. coli O157:H7 in 1993. The hospital survey revealed that, in the seven labs testing all stool specimens for E. coli O157:H7, an incidence of 16/8137 specimens (0.2%) was determined.
Conclusions: These data suggest that sporadic E. coli O157:H7 remains uncommon in Illinois and that the incidence may not have changed over a 9-year period. The low yield and substantial cost of culturing all stools suggest that only specimens from patients with bloody diarrhea should be evaluated routinely in areas of low endemicity. 相似文献
8.
James Studnicki Donald J Berndt Stephen L Luther John W Fisher Karen van Caulil Margaret J Brennan Yolanda G Martinez Pete Clarke 《JPHMP》2005,11(4):326-332
PURPOSE: To assess the health status of the Hispanic population of Orange County, Florida. METHODS: The methodology utilized secondary data for 66 ethnically identified indicators in a comparative framework applied for a 5-year period (1997-2001). FINDINGS: Orange County Hispanics are younger with lower per capita income than their Florida peers, less likely to be White, and much more likely to be of Puerto Rican origin. Relative to the Hispanic populations in the selected peer counties and statewide, Orange County Hispanics have higher age-adjusted death rates for a majority of disease categories and conditions, such as breast, lung, and prostate cancers; chronic liver disease and cirrhosis; diabetes mellitus; pneumonia and influenza; stroke; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; motor vehicle accidents; and infant, neonatal, and child mortality. Orange County Hispanics did better in comparison to Orange non-Hispanics, with lower age-adjusted death rates for major causes of death such as heart disease, cancer, and stroke. However, for many indicators, the 5-year trends for Orange County Hispanics are moving in an unfavorable direction in contrast to the trends for non-Hispanics, which are either stable or improving. CONCLUSION: Comparative assessments of Hispanic populations using secondary data enable the development of a comprehensive health status profile. However, this approach is currently constrained by the limited number of ethnically identified indicators and, especially for Hispanics, problems in the accuracy and consistency of the assignment to racial categories and subsequent reporting. 相似文献
9.
Hajdú J Marton T Kozsurek M Pete B Csapó Z Beke A Papp Z 《Fetal diagnosis and therapy》2008,23(2):136-139
An abnormal course of the umbilical vein is a rare anomaly. Its association with the congenital absence of the ductus venosus is common. We found 3 cases of an abnormal course of the umbilical vein and an absent ductus venosus. In 2 of these cases, the umbilical vein turned down and continued in the internal iliac vein, and no ductus venosus was found. One of these pregnancies was terminated. From the continued pregnancy a growth-retarded baby was born. At follow-up examinations, mild microcephaly, mildly elevated levels of ammonia, delayed speech and mild muscular hypotonia were found. In the third case, the umbilical vein turned up from the level of umbilical ring and the anterior of the liver above the diaphragma and connected directly into the right atrium. Associated complex congenital heart malformations - transposition of the great arteries, and ventricular septal defect - were diagnosed prenatally. In the umbilical vein from the placenta to the umbilical ring, the flow was low velocity continuous; from the umbilical ring to the right atrium, the flow was biphasic high velocity (90 cm/s). Such an elevated blood flow could be a sign of increased cardiac preload. The long-term neurological follow-up of babies with prenatally diagnosed venous malformations is necessary. 相似文献
10.
OBJECTIVE: Review of cases of perinatally diagnosed congenital diaphragmatic hernias with special regard to time of diagnosis, organs herniated into the thorax, associated malformations, and outcomes. METHODS: We analyzed the data of 106 cases between July 1, 1990, and June 30, 2005. The observation period was analyzed in two parts. RESULTS: Prenatal ultrasound was performed in 89.6% (95/106) of the cases. 51.7% (46/89) of the pre- and postnatally verified congenital diaphragmatic hernia cases were diagnosed before the 24th week of gestation. 11% (11/100) of the hernias were identified postnatally. 71% (71/100) of the cases were associated with other malformations. The hernia was on the left side in 86% (86/100) and bilateral in 5% (5/100) of the cases. Between 1990 and 1997, the proportion of right-sided hernias was 4.3% (2/46), while during the second period it was 13% (7/54). 27.5% (14/51) of the newborns survived the perinatal period. The survival rate of the newborns delivered by caesarean section was three times higher than that of infants delivered vaginally. In the latter group, the rate of premature deliveries was considerably higher. The pregnancy was terminated in 45% (40/89) of the cases. 15% (6/40) of the terminated cases were isolated. Intrauterine or intrapartum deaths occurred in 5.6% (5/89) of the prenatally diagnosed cases. Simultaneous thoracic herniation of liver, spleen, or stomach decreased the survival rate. In these cases, the discharge rate was between 6 and 22%. CONCLUSIONS: According to the analysis of 15-year data, the herniated organs, multiple malformations, as well as the mode of delivery influence the survival in a large number of cases. Early diagnosis predicts a large hernia, a higher malformation rate, and a less favourable prognosis. 相似文献