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1.
Over the past decade, the unfortunate reality is that the income gap has widened between Canadian families. Educational outcomes are one of the key areas influenced by family incomes. Children from low-income families often start school already behind their peers who come from more affluent families, as shown in measures of school readiness. The incidence, depth, duration and timing of poverty all influence a child’s educational attainment, along with community characteristics and social networks. However, both Canadian and international interventions have shown that the effects of poverty can be reduced using sustainable interventions. Paediatricians and family doctors have many opportunities to influence readiness for school and educational success in primary care settings. 相似文献
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Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) performed with a fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) is a useful method for sampling alveolar contents. Since the smallest FOB with a channel has a diameter of 3.6 mm, BAL is difficult to accomplish through artificial airways (AA) less than 5.0 mm I.D. We used a 4F balloon wedge pressure catheter to perform BAL through small AA. Supplemental O2 or ventilatory support was delivered via an adaptor through which the catheter was introduced. After it was passed distal to the AA, the balloon was inflated with normal saline (NS) to a predetermined volume, and advanced until resistance was felt. The balloon was deflated, advanced slightly, and then reinflated to achieve airway occlusion. Five aliquots of 0.75 mL/kg of NS were used for BAL. The procedure was performed in 20 children from 1 month (950 g) to 6 1/2 years of age (median, 9 months). All specimens contained abundant alveolar macrophages, indicating good recovery of alveolar contents. Clinically significant information was obtained in 17 (85%) cases, and no patient required an open lung biopsy. In conclusion, nonbronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage is a valuable method for obtaining alveolar contents in children with small AA that preclude the use of an FOB, and it obviates the need for open lung biopsy in many patients. This technique could be used as a research tool for measuring constituents of alveolar contents in infants and small animals. 相似文献
4.
Contraceptive potential of a mifepristone-nomegestrol acetate sequential regimen in women 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Croxatto HB; Salvatierra AM; Fuentealba B; Massai R 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(12):3297-3302
The effectiveness of a sequential regimen consisting of mifepristone, 10
mg/day for 15 days, followed by nomegestrol acetate (NOMA), 5 mg/day for
the next 13 days, for inhibiting ovulation and maintaining regular bleeding
cycles was assessed in 10 surgically sterilized volunteers who were
followed for one pretreatment and three treated cycles. Hormonal
determinations in blood and urine, ovarian ultrasonography, bleeding
records in all cycles and an endometrial biopsy taken on day 22-25 of the
third treatment cycle were used to monitor the effects of treatment. During
treatment, 24 monophasic (no sustained progesterone rise above 12 nmol/l)
and six biphasic cycles were recorded. Nine follicular ruptures were
detected echographically in these 30 treated cycles, five of which occurred
in monophasic cycles. All follicular ruptures occurred on days 1-7 of NOMA
treatment. Echographic and endocrine features of ovulatory cycles were both
present in only four treated cycles (13.3%). Development of a secretory
endometrium was achieved in all cases, but it was always irregular. Regular
withdrawal bleeding occurred in all subjects and no adverse reactions were
recorded. The ovarian and endometrial effects of this regimen justify
testing its contraceptive effectiveness in phase 2 clinical trials.
相似文献
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JE Robb LA Rymaszewski HB Bentley PT Donnan 《Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA》1991,13(3):181-185
Summary This study investigated the effect of tilt and observer reliability on radiographic measurements of the position of a prosthetic acetabular cup in seven dry bone pelves using the teardrop as a landmark. Coronal or sagittal tilt of more than five degrees was easily recognisable and there was effectively no observer variation in the measurements up to this limit. In addition, 90 out of 100 randomly selected antero-posterior pelvic radiographs from an outpatient department were not significantly rotated and 93 demonstrated a clearly defined teardrop. Measurements about the teardrop on routine radiographs are therefore sufficiently accurate to allow assessment of prosthetic position.
La valeur du sourcil cotyloidien comme repère d'analyse radiologique
Résumé Cette étude, conduite sur 7 bassins secs, apprécie l'effet de l'inclinaison du bassin sur la qualité de l'analyse radiographique de la position d'une cupule prothétique de hanche en utilisant le sourcil cotyloïdien comme repère. Une inclinaison du bassin dans les plans coronal et sagittal est aisément détectable et il n'existe pas de variation d'analyse entre les différents observateurs en dessous de 5° d'inclinaison. De plus, sur 100 radiographies antéro-postérieures de bassin choisies au hasard dans les dossiers de consultation, 90 avaient été réalisées sans incidence particulièrement adaptée et l'on pouvait repérer facilement le sourcil sur 93% d'entre elles. Les mesures faites sur des radios de routine sont donc suffisamment précises pour permettre l'évaluation de la position d'une prothèse à partir du sourcil cotyloïdien.相似文献
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Peripheral artery disease is an atherosclerotic occlusion in the peripheral vasculature that is typically treated via percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. Unfortunately, deployment of the angioplasty balloon damages the endothelial layer, exposing the underlying collagen and allowing for the binding and activation of circulating platelets, which initiate an inflammatory cascade leading to eventual restenosis. Here, we report on the development of poly(NIPAm-MBA-AMPS-AAc) nanoparticles that have a collagen I-binding peptide crosslinked to their surface allowing them to bind to exposed collagen. Once bound, these particles mask the exposed collagen from circulating platelets, effectively reducing collagen-mediated platelet activation. Using collagen I-coated plates, we demonstrate that these particles are able to bind to collagen at concentrations above 0.5 mg/mL. Once bound, these particles inhibit collagen-mediated platelet activation by over 60%. Using light scattering and zeta potential measurements, we investigated the potential of the nanoparticles as a drug delivery platform. We have verified that the collagen-binding nanoparticles retain the temperature sensitivity common to poly(NIPAm)-based nanoparticles while remaining colloidally stable in aqueous environments. We also demonstrate that they are able to passively load and release anti-inflammatory cell penetrating peptides. Combined, we have developed a collagen-binding nanoparticle that has dual therapy potential, preventing collagen-mediated platelet activation while delivering water-soluble therapeutics directly to the damaged area.KEY WORDS: collagen, nanoparticle, platelet activation, poly(NIPAm), thermosensitive 相似文献
10.
Patient perspectives on de‐simplifying their single‐tablet co‐formulated antiretroviral therapy for societal cost savings
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