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Testosterone and other gonadal factor(s) restrict the efficacy of genes controlling resistance to Plasmodium chabaudi malaria 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
FRANK WUNDERLICH PREDRAG MARINOVSKI W. PETER M. BENTEN HANS-PETER SCHMITT-WREDE HORST MOSSMANN 《Parasite immunology》1991,13(4):357-367
The effect of circulating concentrations of testosterone (Te) on resistance to Plasmodium chabaudi malaria was investigated in the H-2 congenic mouse strains C57BL/10, B10.A, B10.A(3R), B10.A(4R), and B10.D2. Te-levels were determined by radioimmunoassay and resistance was expressed in terms of percent self-healers after challenge with 10(6) P. chabaudi-infected erythrocytes. Our data indicate: (i) Females and castrated males reveal very similar interstrain variations of resistance. These do not correlate with the interstrain variations of the Te-levels. This is consistent with the view that resistance to P. chaubaudi is controlled by genes of the H-2 complex and genes of the non-H-2 B10-background, (ii) The polygenic control of resistance is inefficacious at high Te-levels. This is evident as high susceptibilities of males, Te-treated females and Te-treated castrated males. Moreover, high Te-levels correlate with susceptibilities to P. chabaudi within mice of the same sex of a given strain, (iii) B10-males chemically castrated using buserelin display the same low Te-level as those surgically castrated. The latter become resistant, while the former remain as highly susceptible to P. chabaudi as untreated B10-males. Obviously, other gonadal factor(s), besides Te, impose restrictions on genes controlling resistance to P. chabaudi malaria. 相似文献
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Comparison of Bipolar Atrial Electrogram Amplitude in Sinus Rhythm, Atrial Fibrillation, and Atrial Flutter 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
MARK A. WOOD PREDRAG MOSKOVLJEVIC BRUCE S. STAMBLER KENNETH A. ELLENBOGEN 《Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE》1996,19(2):150-156
Automatic mode switching pacemakers revert to non-atrial tracking modes in response to sensed atrial tachyarrhythmias. It is unclear how atrial electrogram amplitudes in sinus rhythm compare to those during atrial tachyarrhythmias. In this study, peak-to-peak bipolar atrial electrogram amplitudes were measured during sinus rhythm and either atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter in 69 patients. The mean atrial electrogram amplitudes were 1,59 ± 1.36 m V during sinus rhythm and 0.77 ± 0,58 mV during atrial fibrillation (P < 0.0001) for 25 patients with atrial fibrillation and 1.81 ± 2.07 mV during sinus and 1.5 ± 1.81 mV(P < 0.0001) for 44 patients with atrial flutter. The mean electrogram amplitudes during both atrial fibrillation and flutter correlated significantly with amplitudes during sinus rhythm (R = 0.79, R = 0.94. respectively, both P < 0,0001). The coefficient of variance of individual electrogram amplitudes was greater in atrial fibrillation than sinus (P < 0.0001). By comparing 20th percentile electrogram amplitudes in atrial fibrillation and flutter to mean sinus amplitudes, intermittent very low electrogram amplitudes (< 0.3 mV) were more likely during atrial fibrillation and flutter if the mean sinus electrogram amplitudes were < 1.5 mV and < 0.5 mV, respectively (P < 0.01). Eightieth percentile electrogram amplitude values in atrial fibrillation and flutter were equally likely to exceed mean sinus amplitude values in respective patients, in conclusion, mean atrial electrogram amplitudes during atrial fibrillation and flutter are less than but correlated to sinus rhythm electrogram amplitudes. Very low amplitude individual electrograms during these atrial arrhythmias are associated with low mean sinus rhythm electrogram amplitudes. These findings may have implications for the programming of permanent dual chamber pacemakers in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and flutter. 相似文献
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Use of EchoNavigator,a Novel Echocardiography‐Fluoroscopy Overlay System,for Transseptal Puncture and Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion
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SAMEER GAFOOR M.D. PHILIPP SCHULZ LUISA HEUER PREDRAG MATIC M.D. JENNIFER FRANKE M.D. STEFAN BERTOG M.D. MARKUS REINARTZ M.D. LAURA VASKELYTE M.D. ILONA HOFMANN M.D. HORST SIEVERT M.D. 《Journal of interventional cardiology》2015,28(2):215-217
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