激光联合复方血栓通胶囊治疗糖尿病视网膜病变合并黄斑水肿的疗效观察

目的:分析糖尿病视网膜病变合并黄斑水肿联合采用激光与复方血栓通胶囊治疗的临床疗效。方法:选取我院2017年1月—2019年1月收治的200例糖尿病视网膜病变合并黄斑水肿患者为研究对象,随机分为两组。对照组单独行激光治疗,观察组于对照组基础上联合复方血栓通胶囊治疗,对比两组临床疗效、治疗前后IL-6(白介素-6)、VEGF(血管内皮生长因子)、NOS(血清一氧化氮合成酶)水平变化情况。结果:对照组总有效率(68.00%,68/100)较观察组总有效率(98.00%,98/100)更高(P<0.05);与对照组对比,观察组治疗后NOS水平更高,IL-6、VEGF水平更低(P<0.05)。结论:糖尿病视网膜病变合并黄斑水肿联合采用激光与复方血栓通胶囊治疗的临床疗效显著,值得推广。     

牛磺酸对大鼠心脏模拟缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

在离体大鼠心脏模拟缺血再灌注(I/R)损伤的模型上观察了牛磺酸的心肌保护作用。实验结果发现预先给大鼠牛磺酸灌胃(300mg/kg)三日或再灌注同时给药(20mmol/L),对心肌均有保护作用,明显减少心肌细胞内的Mb、LDH的漏出,降低心肌MDA的生成,减轻细胞内钙的聚集,促进心肌ATP含量的恢复。在本实验条件下预防应用牛磺酸较再灌注的同时应用更为有效,表现为更大程度地减少LDH漏出,抑制心肌MDA生成和钙聚集。结果证明牛磺酸具有心肌保护作用,对于防治心肌I/R损伤可能具有临床应用价值。     

营养教育在腹主动脉瘤患者根治术后的临床应用

目的 探讨营养教育在腹主动脉瘤患者根治术中的应用价值。方法 选取2017年10月至2019年10月青岛市市立医院收治的行根治术的腹主动脉瘤患者96例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(48例,行常规护理)和观察组(48例,行常规护理联合营养教育),比较两组康复效果、营养指标和生活质量,另参照焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)判定患者心理状态。结果 观察组首次排气时间、下床活动时间和住院时间短于对照组,心理状态评分低于对照组,依从性和生活质量综合评定问卷评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者体重为(68.16±6.32) kg,体质指数为(23.02±0.54)kg/m²,血清白蛋白水平为(37.2±2.4)g/L,血清转铁蛋白水平为(2.45±0.36)g/L,血清前白蛋白水平为(267.27±25.12)mg/L,总铁结合力为(56.17±6.24)μmol/L,高于对照组的(64.32±5.44)kg、(21.72±0.78)kg/m²、(32.1±1.8)g/L、(2.16±0.32)g/L、(215....     

Sexual dysfunction damages: A legal database review

IntroductionProcedural specialties are at higher risk for malpractice claims than non-procedural specialties. Previous studies have examined common damages and malpractice lawsuits resulting from specific procedures. Our goal was to analyze urological interventions that led to sexual dysfunction (SD) claims.MethodsThe Casetext legal research platform was queried using search terms for medical malpractice and common men’s health procedures between 1993 and 2020. In total, 236 cases were found, and 21 cases met the inclusion criteria: malpractice cases against a urologist or urology group, clearly stated legal outcome, and allegation of sexual dysfunction from an intervention that directly caused damages.ResultsA total of 42 damages were cited in 21 lawsuits. The top three damages claimed were erectile dysfunction (ED) (14/42, 33.3%), genital pain syndrome (7/42, 16.7%), and urinary incontinence (5/42, 11.9%). The most commonly cited treatments were urinary catheter placement or removal (3/21, 14.3%), robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) (3/21, 14.3%), circumcision (3/21, 14.3%), and penile implant (3/21, 14.3%). In 19 of 21 suits (90.4%), the outcome favored the defendant. Two cases favored the plaintiff: penile implant (failure to prove the patient was permanently, organically impotent prior to the procedure; missed urethral injury at time of surgery, $300 000) and vasectomy (damage to vasculature resulting in loss of testicle, $300 000).ConclusionsMost suspected malpractice cases resulting in SD favored the defendant urologist. Interestingly, urinary catheter placement is as likely to result in litigation as other operative interventions, such as RALP, inflatable penile prosthesis, and circumcision. It is possible that thorough preoperative counselling and increased responsiveness to patients’ postoperative concerns may have avoided litigation in several cases.     

2016年海南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡分析

目的 对2016年海南省肿瘤登记地区的癌症发病率和死亡率进行分析,为癌症的预防和控制提供了基础依据.方法 通过中国肿瘤登记平台收集符合质量控制要求的6个肿瘤登记地区发病死亡数据及人口数据.按城乡、性别、年龄别划分,分别计算发病(死亡)率、中标率、世标率、构成比、0～74岁累积发病(死亡)率和前10位癌症发病死亡情况.结...     

利用锥形束CT对不同磨牙关系患者下颌第一磨牙咬合接触情况的研究

目的:利用锥形束CT分析不同磨牙关系患者下颌第一磨牙咬合接触情况,并探索该方法的可行性。方法:选取2013年1月至2013年6月于我院放射科就诊需行锥形束CT检查的患者,按照纳入排除标准遴选出347例患者,按照Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类磨牙关系分别记录患者下颌第一磨牙面上近中、中、远中3部分的A、B、C咬合接触点分布情况,并利用SAS 9.2软件进行统计分析。结果:3类接触点总数比较,Ⅰ类130例(26.62±10.79)、Ⅱ类131例(26.75±10.81)、Ⅲ类86例(19.16±9.14),差异有统计学意义(H=28.346,P=0.000),组间比较Ⅲ类接触点较其余2类均少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.016 7)。近中接触点数目比较,Ⅰ类(5.62±3.56)、Ⅱ类(7.96±4.06)、Ⅲ类(4.47±3.61),差异有统计学意义(H=45.045,P=0.000),组间两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.016 7);中部接触点数目比较,Ⅰ类(10.3±4.74)、Ⅱ类(9.24±4.54)、Ⅲ类(6.53±4.04),差异有统计学意义(H=32.390,P=0.000),组间比较Ⅲ类最少,余无统计学差异;远中接触点数目比较,Ⅰ类(10.7±4.89)、Ⅱ类(9.55±5.35)、Ⅲ类(8.16±4.72),差异有统计学意义(H=12.025,P=0.002),其中Ⅲ类数目较Ⅰ类少(P<0.0167),余无统计学差异。A点数目比较,Ⅰ类(10.46±5.75)、Ⅱ类(9.53±5.2)、Ⅲ类(7.83±5.02),差异有统计学意义(H=8.466,P=0.015),组间比较Ⅲ类较Ⅰ类少(P<0.016 7),余无统计学差异;B点数目比较,Ⅰ类(9.66±5.58)、Ⅱ类(10.87±5.08)、Ⅲ类(6.17±4.7),差异有统计学意义(H=39.598,P=0.000),组间比较Ⅲ类数目最少(P<0.016 7),余无统计学差异;C点数目比较,Ⅰ类(6.49±3.46)、Ⅱ类(6.34±4.63)、Ⅲ类(5.16±3.39),差异有统计学意义(H=7.179,P=0.028),组间比较Ⅲ类较Ⅰ类少(P<0.016 7),余无统计学差异。结论:Ⅲ类磨牙关系患者三点式咬合接触点总数、3个部位及B点数目均较其他2类少,牙尖交错位时咬合接触稳定性差;锥形束CT可作为一种新方法分析咬合接触情况。     

我国中医药在非洲发展现状与合作战略思考

随着“一带一路”的提出与中非合作论坛峰会的成功举办,我国与非洲交流愈加密切,中医药贸易往来也加快了步伐。现在阐释国家的政策支持及双方合作加强、中医药自身的特色优势、非洲国家特有的社会发展环境、中医药及其他医药产品在非洲贸易额及中国药企发展4大优势的基础上,对中非中医药合作存在的评价标准欠缺、渠道建设不足、医药学文化差异、市场针对不强、教育体系缺乏、市场竞争激烈、内部问题突出7项问题进行分析,旨在对加强我国与非洲国家中医药合作提出战略思考,并提出需要建设标准体系、重视渠道建设、推广中医药文化、研发市场产品、培养精新人才、打造中医药品牌6项合作战略。     

种植体周围炎龈沟液中SOD、GP-x、MDA水平的初步研究

目的:检测种植修复患者种植牙及天然牙龈沟液中氧化应激标记物超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GP-x)和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)的浓度,探讨种植体周围炎与氧化应激的关系。方法:收集重庆医科大学附属口腔医院修复科完成种植上部修复1年后的患者62名,共计81个种植牙位,实验分为4组:炎症种植体(peri-implantitis group,PI)组,15颗;健康种植体(health implant group,HI)组,66颗;炎症种植体患者口内天然牙(tooth in peri-implantitis group,TPI)组,15颗;健康种植体患者口内天然牙(tooth in health implant group,THI)组,66颗。检查所选牙位的菌斑指数(plaque index,PLI)、探诊深度(pocket depth,PD)、龈沟出血指数(sulcus bleeding index,SBI)/改良龈沟出血指数(modified sulcus bleeding index,m BI)并收集龈沟液;利用ELISA法检测炎症因子白细胞介素-β(IL-lβ)、SOD、GP-x和MDA的浓度。结果:PI组的PLI、PD、m BI、IL-1β值以及龈沟液的量(2.20±0.78,4.63±0.92,2.60±1.12,21.07±2.29,1.34±0.17)较HI组(1.03±0.89,1.76±0.73,1.14±0.97,18.79±2.07,0.83±0.23)高,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000,0.000,0.001,0.000,0.000);较TPI组(1.13±0.92,1.53±0.72,1.00±0.93,18.52±2.37,0.74±0.26)高,差异有统计学意义(P=0.011,0.000,0.001,0.000,0.000)。PI组SOD及GP-x浓度(218.65±16.27,178.66±21.77)低于HI组(243.52±19.71,211.96±21.43),差异有统计学意义(P=0.000,0.000);也低于TPI组(230.63±26.91,213.04±25.75),差异有统计学意义(P=0.016,0.000)。HI组的PLI、PD、m BI、IL-1β、SOD、GP-x值以及龈沟液量与THI组无统计学意义,MDA在各组间无统计学意义。结论:炎症种植体龈沟液内SOD、GP-x的浓度较健康植体、炎症种植体患者口内天然牙均低、MDA浓度无明显改变,提示氧化应激可参与种植体周围炎,抗氧化应激酶可为种植体周围炎的一个临床诊断指标,为种植体周围炎的诊断以及治疗提供一定的理论依据。     

Time-dependent changes in CT of radiation-induced liver injury: a preliminary study in gastric cancer patients

In this study, the time-dependent changes on dynamic computed tomograph (CT) of radiation-induced liver injury in gastric cancer patients was examined.The CT images of 52 gastric cancer patients who had received chemoradiotherapies were reviewed on the PACS system.Dynamic CT scan was performed in all the subjects.Our results showed that 18 patients were found to have radiation-induced liver injury.The CT findings of radiation-induced liver injury in gastric cancer patients tend to show up one month after radiation treatment.The damaged area was of low density on all three phases, and then it was enhanced on portal vein phase or delay phase.The focal radiation reaction of liver without basic disease vanished 9-11 months later after treatment.We are led to conclude that dynamic CT is of help in the diagnosis of CRT-induced liver injury, and it may be the method of choice for following up the whole course of the CRT-induced liver injury, i.e., form hepatic damage to healing.The classification of CT findings we recommend can avoid the influence of technological factors, and thereby serve as a better guide for treatment of CRT-induced liver injury.     

基于空洞卷积U-Net模型的胰腺自动分割方法研究

目的 探讨一种空洞卷积U-Net模型对胰腺组织精准分割的可行性.方法 通过对标准U-Net模型进行改进,得到一种多尺度空洞卷积U-Net模型,以100例放疗定位CT中包含完整胰腺的盆腔肿瘤患者的影像和结构信息为研究对象,对两种U-Net模型进行训练和测试,最终比较两者的分割精度.分割精度量化指标分别是戴斯相似性系数(DSC)、杰卡德相似性系数(JSC)、豪斯多夫距离(HD)和平均表面距离(ASD).结果 与标准U-Net模型分割结果比较,该研究的空洞卷积U-Net模型的DSC均值达到0.87,JSC、HD和ASD均值也分别为0.78、9.85 mm和1.62 mm,且差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 基于标准U-Net模型搭建的空洞卷积U-Net模型能够更准确的分割健康胰腺组织,对改进辅助诊断系统和提高放射治疗效果有着重要的意义.