Early impact of hormone replacement therapy on vascular hemodynamics detected via ocular colour Doppler analysis

Objective: To determine the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on ocular blood flow.

Study design: In a prospective controlled study, 40 healthy women who presented to the menopause clinic between December 2000 and December 2001 were randomly assigned into the study. The HRT-receiving group was administered estradiol 17-valerate 2 mg the first 11 days, and estradiol 17-valerate 2 mg plus ciproterone acetate 1 mg the next 10 days of the monthly cycle for 6 months. The control group did not receive any HRT for 6 months. The ocular colour Doppler analysis were performed at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. The ocular Doppler analysis was performed in the first half of the cycle in the HRT-receiving group.

Results: Central retinal artery and ophthalmic artery basal Doppler index (peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, resistive index and pulsatility index) values of the two groups at the beginning of the study did not show any statistically significant difference. Both the right and the left central retinal artery pulsatility index (PI) values of the study group, who received HRT at the end of the third and sixth months, showed a statistically significant decline (paired-samples test, P < 0.05), while the decrease in the resistive indexes was not significant.

Conclusion: These results suggest that 6 months of combined hormone replacement therapy with estradiol 17-valerate 2 mg plus ciproterone acetate 1 mg improves ocular vascular Doppler indices which may be a reflection of cerebral vascular status.     

髋臼中心定位工具在Crowe Ⅳ型发育性髋关节发育不良关节置换术中的应用

目的 研究髋臼中心定位工具在Crowe Ⅳ型发育性髋关节发育不良关节置换术中的可行性及安全性。方法 回顾性分析2020年1月至2022年1月在新疆维吾尔自治区伊犁哈萨克自治州新华医院行全髋关节置换术的37例（44髋）发育性髋关节脱位患者,分为两组：A组20例（24髋）,参考定位工具,B组17例（20髋）,参考髋臼横韧带,比较两组患者的手术时间、切口大小、术中出血量、下地时间、Harris髋关节评分、双侧肢体长度差,术后臼杯外展角、前倾角,以及术后假体旋转中心与解剖旋转中心的水平、垂直距离差值。结果 所有的患者术后未出现脱位、感染、深静脉血栓形成、假体松动等。两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、切口大小、下地时间、Harris评分、双侧肢体长度差比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。对比两组臼杯外展角、前倾角,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;旋转中心垂直距离A组为（21.54±2.32） mm、B组为（22.40±2.23） mm,水平距离A组为（29.42±2.45） mm、B组为（29.85±2.92） mm,重建髋臼的旋转中心距离及其与解剖旋转中心距离差进行组间比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 髋臼中心定位工具可以在Crowe Ⅳ型发育性髋关节发育不良全髋关节置换术中给术者提供髋臼中心点的参考标志,有一定的临床使用价值。     

乳腺癌保乳术后化疗加调强放疗的疗效观察

目的 观察Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌保乳术后化疗加调强放疗的疗效及副反应.方法 108例Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌患者均行肿瘤扩大切除及腋窝淋巴结清扫的保乳术,大部分患者瘤床放置银夹标记.术后采用NE(诺维本+表阿霉素)或TE(紫杉醇+表阿霉素)或CEF(环磷酰胺+表阿霉素+氟尿嘧啶)方案化疗6周期.化疗后全乳接受调强放疗50 Gy分25次,瘤床电子线补量10 Gy分5次.ER/PR阳性的患者均给予三苯氧胺为主的内分泌治疗.结果 随访截至2007年12月,随访率为100%,随访满1、2、3年的例数分别为108、88、58例.1、2、3年生存率分别为100%(108/108)、100%(88/88)、98%(57/58),局部复发3例;放疗期间出现不同程度的皮肤反应,乳房远期外观形状良好,未出现放射性肺炎、肺纤维化及心脏损伤等副反应.结论 Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌保乳术后化疗加调强放疗生存率高,复发转移少,副反应轻,达到了提高患者生存质量及局部控制率目的 .     

肝细胞肝癌放射治疗研究进展

肝细胞肝癌（hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC）是世界范围内癌症死亡率较高的肿瘤之一。肝切除术（partial hepatectomy）是重要的治疗手段,然而,许多患者因肿瘤分期晚或潜在的慢性肝病和/或肝硬化不能接受肝切除术或肝移植术(liver transplantation)。此类患者,目前可选择肝动脉栓塞化疗（transarterial chemoembolization,TACE）、射频消融（radiofrequency ablation,RFA）、放射治疗、靶向治疗及免疫治疗等方法。肝癌诊断、治疗方式、对肝脏辐射耐受性的生物学理解和放疗技术的进步使得肝癌放射治疗的有效性和安全性都在不断提高,肝癌患者的生存和预后不断改善。     

介入栓塞术在头颈部肿瘤放射治疗后大出血中的应用

目的:探讨介入栓塞术治疗头颈部肿瘤放射治疗后大出血的临床应用价值。方法 :对 6例头颈部肿瘤放射治疗后大出血患者采用数字减影血管造影技术 (DSA)对颈外动脉分支进行介入栓塞治疗。结果:6例病例在DSA下均显示出血血管 ,栓塞后出血停止 ,临床效果满意。 结论:DSA下介入栓塞止血对头颈部肿瘤放射治疗后大出血是一种较为理想的治疗手段 ,操作简便、安全。     

The incremental value of magnetic resonance imaging for breast surgery planning

Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on preoperative or intraoperative surgical planning.

Methods

One hundred and sixty females with breast cancer were enrolled in the study. The contribution of MRI compared to MMG and USG, their histopathological concordance, and their impact on surgical treatment were evaluated prospectively.

Results

In 48 (30.0%) of the patients, MRI identified suspicious lesions that were not detected by MMG and USG. The diagnosis by MRI was accurate in 17 (10.6%) of them, while in remaining 31 patients (19.4%) the additional lesions found by MRI and interpreted as malignant were found not to be malignant. The pathological accordance of MRI and MMG compared with USG were 69.3 and 70.0%, respectively, whereas individually, MMG and USG were in accordance with the pathological examination in 52.9 and 67.9% of the cases, respectively.

Conclusions

Assessment of the tumor size, multifocality, multicentricity, and presence of ductal carcinoma in situ by MRI may lead to misinterpretations in the majority of patients. The surgical approach should not be changed based solely on MRI findings. An accurately interpreted MMG combined with USG may be sufficient in most cases.     

腹膜外途径腹腔镜下根治性前列腺切除术切缘阳性的影响因素

目的探讨经腹膜外途径腹腔镜下根治性前列腺切除术后切缘阳性的影响因素。方法回顾性分析我院2010年1月至2018年12月99例行腹膜外途径腹腔镜下根治性前列腺切除术患者的临床资料。年龄51~79岁,平均(65.37±6.07)岁;前列腺特异抗原(PSA)2.80~79.50ng/mL,平均(16.84±12.28)ng/mL。分析术后病理切缘阳性的特征。按年龄、体质指数、术前PSA水平、穿刺针数阳性百分率、穿刺至手术时间、穿刺病理Gleason评分、临床T分期、前列腺癌危险分度、术后病理Gleason评分、术后T分期、腹盆腔手术史等进行分组,分析各组切缘阳性率的差异。采用χ^2检验进行单因素分析,有统计学差异的变量进入多因素Logistic回归分析,评价临床及病理相关资料与切缘阳性的关系。结果本组99例患者均在腹腔镜下顺利完成,无1例中转开放,手术时间平均(199.66±66.01)min,术中出血量平均(152.02±140.28)mL。术后病理证实均为前列腺癌,术后病理切缘阳性26例(26.3%)。将各危险因素分组后进行单因素分析,结果显示不同穿刺针数阳性百分率(P=0.047)、穿刺病理Gleason评分(P=0.023)、术后病理Gleason评分(P=0.007)、术后T分期(P=0.004)与切缘阳性存在相关性(P<0.05),而年龄(P=0.134)、体质指数(P=0.838)、术前PSA水平(P=0.299)、穿刺至手术时间(P=1.000)、临床T分期(P=0.821)、前列腺癌危险分度(P=0.903)、腹盆腔手术史(P=0.607)与切缘阳性均无相关性(P>0.05)。将单因素分析差异有统计学意义的指标及术前PSA、临床分期进行多因素分析,结果显示仅术后T分期(P=0.011)是切缘阳性的独立危险因素。结论穿刺针数阳性百分率、穿刺病理Gleason评分、术后病理Gleason评分、术后T分期与切缘阳性存在相关性,其中穿刺针数阳性百分率、穿刺病理Gleason评分及术后T分期越高,切缘阳性率越高。术后T分期是经腹膜外途径腹腔镜下根治性前列腺切除术后切缘阳性的独立危险因素。     

Falling FSH levels predict poor IVF pregnancy rates in patients whom the gonadotropins are withheld

Aim  

To determine whether monitoring follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in over-responding patients whom the gonadotropins were withheld would predict pregnancy outcome.