开发EXECL高级功能实现试卷分析过程全自动化

教育测量学是在本世纪发展起来的一门教育分支学科，应用教育测量学原理和数理统计方法对考试结果进行分析，是目前各类学校提高教学质量所采取的必要措施之一。由于试卷统计分析的工作量非常大，手工计算近乎不可能，以往常应用SPSS、SAS等专业统计分析软件计算，但是这类软件在应用时还存在着普及性差、价格昂贵、使用复杂、英文界面、数据格式通用性低等缺点，无法大规模应用，     

Lipid extract from completely sporoderm‐broken germinating Ganoderma sinensis spores elicits potent antitumor immune responses in human macrophages

Ganoderma sinensis has been used widely in Oriental countries for the prevention and treatment of various diseases including cancer. Previous studies have shown that the lipid extract from Ganoderma exhibits direct cytotoxicity against tumor cells. Here, it is reported that the lipid extract from germinating G. sinensis spores, at lower concentrations that have no direct tumoricidal activity, induce potent antitumor immune responses in human monocytes/macrophages. Upon stimulation with the lipid extract, monocytes/macrophages exhibited markedly increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and surface expression of costimulatory molecules. Conditioned medium from stimulated cells effectively suppressed the growth of tumor cells. Apparently, the lipid extract triggered macrophage activation via a mechanism different from that associated with LPS. Moreover, it was observed that the lipid extract could partially re‐establish the antitumor activity of the immunosuppressive tumor‐associated macrophages. These results indicated that in addition to its direct tumoricidal activity, the lipid extract from G. sinensis spores could exert antitumor activity by stimulating the activation of human monocytes/macrophages. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

模拟定位机的常规质量控制检测结果分析

常规检验模拟定位机机械和几何参数的不确定度,探索模拟定位机质量控制的方法和要求.     

尿干化学法检测阴性不可偏废沉渣镜检

通过对 5 0 0例经尿 11项试纸检查阴性的标本 ,沉渣镜检发现尚有 6 7例阳性 ,阳性率为 13.4 %。提示尿沉渣镜检 ,不失为泌尿系统疾病检查的必要手段不应忽视及偏废     

泰素蒂加顺铂治疗进展期NSCLC的临床研究

目的观察泰素蒂加顺铂方案治疗进展期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效、毒副作用。方法收集可评价疗效的进展期非小细胞肺癌50例,以泰素蒂加顺铂方案进行化疗,泰素蒂75 mg/m2静脉滴注,第1天;顺铂25 mg/m2～30 mg/m2静脉滴注,第2天～第5天,每3周为一个周期,2～3周期后评价疗效和毒副反应并随访。结果50例患者中,总有效率为50.0 %,其中初治病例为53.1 %,复治病例为44.4 %,初复治病例间差异无显著性(P >0.05)。中位缓解期为5个月。中位生存期为9.5个月,1年生存率为61.0 %。毒副反应主要为骨髓抑制,白细胞下降达Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度者52.0 %,血小板下降达Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度者为14.0 %。血红蛋白下降不严重。其他毒副反应还有脱发、过敏反应、水钠潴留、静脉炎、末梢神经炎、口腔炎、腹泻等,但发生率均较低。结论泰素蒂加顺铂方案治疗进展期非小细胞肺癌,特别是复发病例,临床疗效比较满意,毒副反应能够耐受。辅以G蛳CSF可防治重度的骨髓抑制,有较好的临床应用价值。     

4例活体部分小肠移植术后早期并发症的防治经验

目的总结4例活体部分小肠移植术后早期并发症（1月内）的防治办法，为进一步开展活体小肠移植提供经验。方法4例活体部分小肠移植术后1月内，早期并发症重点在于防治吻合血管血栓、出血、感染、排斥反应、移植肠功能障碍等。结果3例移植受体术后1月内分别发生出血倾向、急性排斥反应、感染、移植肠功能障碍等并发症，但经及时准确的诊断与治疗得以好转，移植肠存活及功能均良好。结论注重活体部分小肠移植术后对于早期并发症的预防及治疗，对于患者预后有重要意义。     

血管移植搭桥治疗巨大动脉瘤

目的探讨中、高流量血管搭桥方法对颅内巨大颅内动脉瘤的治疗。方法8例巨大和颅底复杂动脉瘤患者,主要表现头痛发病者5例,视力减退者2例,面部麻木者1例。未破裂动脉瘤6例,2例患者发生动脉瘤破裂,Hunt-Hess分级分别为Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级。血管造影证实：动脉瘤体位于颈内动脉海绵窦段（C4段）4例、床突上段（C1段）2例、大脑中动脉M2～M1段者2例动脉瘤大小为2．5～6．0cm,平均直径3．7cm。其中6例动脉瘤为梭形,2例为宽颈动脉瘤。8例患者均采用额颞开颅,骨瓣要尽可能低到颅底,以缩短搭桥移植血管在颅外走行长度。通常用7-0显微缝线吻合移植血管与颈外动脉,用8-0缝线吻合移植血管与颅内段颈内动脉和大脑中动脉。4例患者利用大隐静脉移植搭桥,4例患者利用桡动脉移植搭桥。颅内、外搭桥完毕后将动脉瘤近心端和远端的供血动脉结扎和夹闭,阻断动脉瘤的全部血供。对3例有压迫脑神经或颅内占位引起颅压高的患者,将动脉瘤切除。结果5例术后头痛消失,1例视力减退者明显改善,1例动眼神经麻痹恢复。5例术后行脑血管造影检查,3例行CT血管造影检查,7例搭桥吻合血管全部畅通,动脉瘤消失。2例术后出现暂时性一侧肢体力弱,肌力在Ⅱ～Ⅲ级之间,术后1个月完全恢复。结论中、高流量颅内外血管搭桥可作为治疗颅内巨大动脉瘤的有效方法。     

膀胱移行细胞癌中P16及Rb基因表达的关系

应用免疫组织化学方法对５９例膀胱移行细胞癌中Ｐ１６及Ｒｂ基因的表达进行研究。结果显示：５９例中Ｐ１６及Ｒｂ基因阳性表达率分别为４７４６％、７１１９％，其中１１例肿瘤组织（１８６４％）Ｐ１６及Ｒｂ基因均阳性表达，未发现同一肿瘤组织中同时存在Ｐ１６及Ｒｂ基因的表达缺失。Ｐ１６及Ｒｂ基因在膀胱移行细胞癌中的阳性表达率在肿瘤病理分级及临床分期的差异中均有显著性（Ｐ＜００５）。结果提示：Ｐ１６及Ｒｂ基因的异常表达在膀胱肿瘤的发生、发展过程中起重要作用，膀胱肿瘤中Ｐ１６及Ｒｂ基因同时表达缺失是少见现象     

Unsteady diffusion kinetics of Ziegler-Natta heterogeneous catalyst polymerization, 4. Prediction of experimental results of propylene/ethylene/1-hexadecene terpolymerization

The prediction, based on unsteady diffusion kinetics, of the enhancement of reactivity and incorporation of 1-hexadecene in its copolymerization with propylene on adding a small amount of ethylene (increase from 5,2 mol-% to 10,8 mol-% when 2% of ethylene was added, and to 16, 1 mol-% when 5% was added) was verified in the terpolymerization of propylene/ 1-hexadecene/ ethylene on a commercial Solvay-type δ-TiCl₃ catalyst. The catalyst efficiency was thus also increased. These augmentations originate from the increase in diffusion coefficient of 1-hexadecene at the catalyst surface when the PP crystallinity decreases on introduction of ethylene. Calculation based on unsteady diffusion kinetics showed that the order of diffusion coefficients ethylene > propylene > 1-hexadecene is reversed as the monomer concentration increases when the monomers are not at their equilibrium concentration. Sequence distribution as determined by means of ¹³C NMR revealed a tendency of blocky structure rather than a Bernoullian one. The terpolymer compositions obtained by means of an IR method developed in this work conform rather well with the NMR results. Results in this work not only support the unsteady diffusion kinetics but also provide a new route to prepare olefinic copolymer rubbers with heterogeneous titanium catalysts.