高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中阿莫西林浓度及药代动力学

高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中阿莫西林浓度及药代动力学谭力周继红罗楠袁倚盛（南京军区南京总医院中心仪器分析科，南京２１０００１）阿莫西林（ａｍｏｘｉｃｉｌｉｎ）为β内酰胺类抗生素，其抗菌谱广，口服受食物影响小，对大多数病人耐受性良好，因而在临床上得以广泛...     

Sex differences in the effects of 1-(m-trifluoromethylphenyl) piperazine and 1-(m-chlorophenyl) piperazine on copulatory behavior in the rat

Peripheral administrations of TFMPP (0.2- 1 mg/kg) or MCPP (1 mg/kg) facilitated lordosis behavior in female rats treated with estradiol benzoate, and had no effects in females primed with estradiol benzoate and progesterone. In contrast, TFMPP (1 mg/kg) and MCPP (1 mg/kg) inhibited copulatory behavior in male rats. It is concluded that there are sex differences in the effects of TFMPP and MCPP on copulatory behavior in the rat. Moreover, it is suggested that the effects of these drugs on copulatory behavior may be mediated by activation of 5-HT1B and/or 5-HT1C receptors, or by blockade of activity at 5-HT3 receptors.     

抗胆碱药3-(2-苯基-2-环戊基-2-羟基-乙氧基)奎宁环烷的立体化学和构效关系

研究了强效抗胆碱药dl-3-(2-苯基-2-环戊基-2-羟基-乙氧基)-奎宁环烷的四个光学异构体的两种不对称合成方法,用HPLC检测了异构体含量,讨论了构效关系。     

Evaluation of the postoperative breast.

With widespread use of mammography for breast cancer screening, the number of surgical procedures has also increased. Overlapping with radiographic signs of malignancy, including masses, areas of asymmetric density and architectural distortion, microcalcifications, and skin thickening, postsurgical changes may make mammographic evaluation difficult. After tumor excision and irradiation where breast alterations are more profound and prolonged, the task of distinguishing recurrent tumor from scarring or fat necrosis is even more challenging. Mammograms after breast conservation therapy for carcinoma or after cosmetic surgery require correlation with physical findings and the surgical procedures that were performed. Responses of tissue to lumpectomy and radiation, such as breast edema and skin thickening, are most pronounced 6 to 12 months after treatment, gradually resolving within 1 to 3 years. Carefully tailored mammographic studies will promote the dual goal of early detection of local tumor recurrence and avoidance of misinterpreting postoperative and irradiation changes as malignancy. Sequential examinations should begin with a postoperative preradiation mammogram for residual carcinoma, particularly when microcalcifications have been present, followed by the baseline postradiation examination at 6 months with the next study 6 months later (1 year after initial treatment). Mammograms of the treated breast may be performed at intervals of 6 months until radiographic stability has been recognized. Annual studies thereafter are suggested. The contralateral, unaffected breast should be evaluated mammographically according to screening guidelines or clinical concerns. Mammograms performed after cosmetic and reconstructive procedures should be correlated with the surgical techniques and clinical history. Modified views for silicone implants can maximize visualization of breast parenchyma. Ultrasonography is a useful complement to mammography in demonstrating the origin of a palpable mass either within the implant or the breast parenchyma. In reduction mammoplasty, distorted architecture, parenchymal bands, tissue redistribution, and fat necrosis should be recognized. After mastectomy, myocutaneous reconstruction may be performed. Masses that develop within flap reconstructions most frequently represent fat necrosis, which, when calcifying oil cysts are seen, may have a characteristic radiographic appearance.     

苯丙胺诱发小鼠激怒反应及其机制

苯丙胺15mg/kg ip能诱发小鼠激怒反应,使小鼠出现攻击和殴斗行为。强安定药、弱安定药和利血平有明显拮抗效果。镇静剂如巴比妥类、抗胆碱药及抗肾上腺素药均无拮抗作用。金刚胺、左旋多巴和阿扑吗啡均能增强苯丙胺的激怒效应。因苯丙胺激怒小鼠的方法简便易行,可作为筛选抗精神病药的动物模型。苯丙胺产生激怒作用的机制与增强多巴胺能神经的功能有关,推测可能是促进边缘系统多巴胺释放的结果。