A Danish version of the MISSCARE survey: Translation and validation

Background

Measuring missed nursing care in clinical settings may serve as an important indicator for improving patient safety and nursing staff retention. Internationally, several tools exist, with the MISSCARE Survey being the most frequently used and validated; however, no tools are available in the Danish language.

Aim

This study aimed at translating the MISSCARE Survey from US English to Danish and evaluate its psychometric properties.

Methods

The translation followed the recommended method, that is forward-and-backward translation, involving clinical experts and a professional, native English-speaking translator. The final version was approved by the survey's original developer. Face validity was tested among 10 nurses and 1 practical nurse. Nursing staff from 34 selected departments at Aarhus University Hospital's (n = 1241) were invited to participate in a pilot test in November 2020. The survey consisted of a demographic section, a section of ‘nursing elements’ (Part A) and section of ‘reasons’ (Part B). Acceptability was assessed on Part A and B. Reliability was tested by Cronbach's alpha, and psychometric properties were investigated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (Part B).

Results

The face-validity test resulted in minor contextual changes and the addition of a ‘not applicable’ response option in Part A. The pilot test had a 42.6% response rate (n = 529). Acceptability was good, with 1–10 missing responses per item in Part A and 0–20 missing responses in Part B. The numbers of ‘not applicable’ responses ranged from 0 to 81. The overall Cronbach's alpha was 0.81. Factor-loading ranges were 0.62–0.48 for ‘communication’, 0.79–0.39 for ‘materials and resources’, and 0.50–0.35 for ‘labour’, suggesting an acceptable fit with the theoretical model.

Conclusion

The MISSCARE Survey was successfully translated into Danish. The psychometric properties confirmed the questionnaire as a valid and reliable tool for measuring missed nursing care in Danish hospital settings.     

Self‐efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis: translation and test of validity,reliability and sensitivity of the Danish version of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire (RASE)

Objectives: To describe the translation and test of the Danish version of the original British ‘Rheumatoid Arthritis Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire’ (RASE). Methods: The questionnaire was forward and back translated by individuals with Danish and English as their respective primary languages. The questionnaire was tested by five lay‐people and in the field by 10 + five persons with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A test‐retest was performed on 62 outpatients with RA. The sensitivity of the adapted Danish version of RASE (RASE‐DK) was finally tested on 106 outpatients with RA – before, immediately after and three months after they had participated in a short self‐management course performed by a multidisciplinary team. Results: RASE‐DK showed good face validity, but ‘relaxation’ was interpreted in various ways. Internal consistency evaluated by Cronbach's alpha was 0.91. Reliability evaluated by the intra‐class correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.88. A Bland–Altman plot showed good agreement. RASE‐DK, like the original English version of RASE, was not associated with disease activity (Disease Activity Score, DAS‐28) or disability (Health Assessment Questionnaire, HAQ), and correlated significantly with the Arthritis Self‐Efficacy Scale (ASES) subscales ‘other’ and ‘pain’, and total ASES. RASE‐DK showed a highly significant change, from baseline to immediately after participation in the short course (p < 0.001). The effect faded during the following three months. Conclusion: RASE‐DK met the appropriate standards for validity, reliability and sensitivity, and is appropriate for use in Denmark. However, the concept of self‐efficacy may be too abstract for a few individuals, and relaxation is interpreted in various ways by the Danish patients. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A career open to the talents—Nurses’ doing and focus during the history

Based on a historical and a contemporary fieldwork at a Danish hospital, this article offers a genealogical and philosophical exploration of the development of nurses’ doing and focus within a hospital setting from the 1800 s to the present day. This exploration finds that nurses’ doing has changed during history, which is reflected in their focus. Thus, nurses’ focus has developed from, what the Danish philosopher Uffe Juul Jensen refers to as a situation-oriented, to a disease-oriented practice, and while new values are established, the conception of care as a core value in nursing seems to have receded. This article also argues that today's nurses are doing what doctors did in the 19th century. The French philosopher Michel Foucault discusses how things repeat themselves in new ways and new contexts. The nursing profession has become ‘a career open to the talents’ where nurses with the appropriate skills and talents are able to build a career, within which they provide status, position and legitimacy. The conclusion of the article discusses the significance of this development for patients and the nursing profession.