Posterior chamber intraocular lenses in a series of 75 autopsy eyes. Part I: Loop location

Over a period of 27 months, November 1983 to February 1986, 75 eyes obtained postmortem with posterior chamber intraocular lenses (IOLs) were examined at the Center for Intraocular Lens Research, University of Utah Health Sciences Center. These IOLs were studied by histopathological techniques to determine the location of the loops. The most common combination, found in 47% of the specimens, was one loop in the lens capsular sac (bag) and one loop in the ciliary sulcus. In 32% of the specimens, both loops were in the capsular sac; in 17%, both loops were in the ciliary sulcus. Compared to results observed in other autopsy studies, in which capsular fixation was documented in less than 3% of cases, these findings reflect a trend toward capsular sac (in-the-bag) implantation of open-looped posterior chamber IOLs.     

Difficulties and bonuses of evaluation: evaluating New Zealand''s Children''s Nightclothes Act 1977

Difficulties and bonuses of evaluating injury prevention programmes are illustrated by reference to an evaluation of the New Zealand's Children's Nightclothes Act 1977. It is demonstrated that despite the difficulties encountered in that evaluation, and the equivocal results, there were significant bonuses which more than justified the resources devoted to the evaluation. The paper is presented in an attempt to encourage others to evaluate thermal injury countermeasures who may be hesitant to do so because of the difficulties they foresee.     

糖化血清蛋白测定对糖尿病监控临床意义的探讨

目的：对临床确诊糖尿病患同时测定血清葡萄糖(Glu)及糖化血清蛋白(GSP)的含量，观察二的关系，以及糖化血清蛋白水平对于评价近期(2—3周)糖尿病患血糖在体内变化的临床意义进行了观察。方法：血清葡萄糖、糖化血清蛋白测定均采用酶法测定。结果：178例糖尿病患Glu、GSP均正常3l例占17．4％；Glu、GSP均增高107例占60．1％；Glu正常、GSP增高15例占8．43％；Glu增高、GSP正常25例占14％。结论：糖化血清蛋白的含量不受即时血糖的影响，二的变化不成比例性，对评价糖尿病患2～3周病情的控制是一项灵敏可靠的指标，尤其对于住院病人的治疗与监控有一定的意义。     

The effect of fulminant hepatic failure on protein C antigen and activity

In eighteen patients with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF), in grade III or IV coma, both protein C antigen and activity were significantly decreased (0.35 +/- 0.03 u/ml and 0.35 +/- 0.03 u/ml respectively). There was a significant correlation between protein C antigen and activity (r = 0.61, p less than 0.01). Protein C antigen levels were inversely correlated with prothrombin time (r = -0.57, p less than 0.05) as were protein C activity levels (r = -0.57, p less than 0.05). There was also significant correlations between fibrinogen and protein C antigen (r = 0.69, p less than 0.01) and protein C activity (r = 0.61, p less than 0.01). These results demonstrate that the naturally occurring inhibitor of coagulation, protein C, is present at low levels in FHF and this is probably due to the lack of synthesis of the protein in the damaged liver. The low levels of protein C may make these patients more susceptible to the disseminated intravascular coagulation which is known to occur in FHF and this in turn will lead to a further reduction in protein C levels.     

Doppler assessment of the uterine circulation and the clinical behaviour of gestational trophoblastic tumours requiring chemotherapy.

The haemodynamics of the uterine arteries and myometrium were assessed using Doppler ultrasound in forty consecutive patients requiring treatment for invasive mole and choriocarcinoma. The investigations were performed prior to the commencement of chemotherapy and the subjects followed prospectively. The Doppler waveforms from the uterine arteries were analysed using the pulsatility index. It was found that patients with a pulsatility index of 1.1 or less were significantly more likely to develop drug resistance than those with a higher value (P < 0.04). There was no significant association between the pulsatility index and metastatic disease or uterine bleeding. Five out of eight patients who developed drug resistance could have avoided initial inadequate treatment if the Doppler findings were included in the scoring system for selecting chemotherapy for these tumours. It can be concluded that assessment of the uterine arteries using the pulsatility index prior to the treatment of patients with invasive mole and choriocarcinoma is of help in predicting those who will develop drug resistance.